Spring Cloud Gateway是由spring官方基於Spring5.0、Spring Boot2.x、Project Reactor等技術開發的網關,目的是代替原先版本中的Spring Cloud Netfilx Zuul,目前Netfilx已經開源了Zuul2.0,但Spring 沒有考慮集成,而是推出了本身開發的Spring Cloud GateWay。該項目提供了一個構建在Spring Ecosystem之上的API網關,旨在提供一種簡單而有效的途徑來發送API,並向他們提供交叉關注點,例如:安全性,監控、埋點,限流等。(具體能夠查看官網http://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-gateway)git
SpringCloud Gateway 工做原理圖:spring
一、 新建項目sc-gateway,對應的pom.xml文件以下apache
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>sc-gateway</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>sc-gateway</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
能夠看到spring cloud gateway是從spring cloud 2.x後纔有的安全
二、 新建springboot啓動類
springboot
package sc.gateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[]args) {
SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}
三、 編寫配置文件application.ymlapp
server:
port: 8600
spring:
application:
name: sc-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: baidu
uri:http://www.baidu.com/
predicates:
- Path=/baidu/**
- id: jianshu
uri:http://www.jianshu.com/
predicates:
- Path=/jianshu/**
備註:gateway的配置項參考org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayProperties類
maven
Spring Cloud Gateway提供了兩種配置路由規則的方式:ide
方式1、經過@Bean自定義RouteLocatorspring-boot
@Bean
public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder){
return builder.routes()
//basic proxy
.route("baidu", r -> r.path("/baidu ")
.uri("http://www.baidu.com.cn/")
).build();
}
方式2、經過屬於文件或者yml文件配置ui
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: baidu
uri: http://www.baidu.com/
predicates:
- Path=/ baidu
四、 啓動項目,並驗證
訪問http://127.0.0.1:8600/jianshu轉發到https://www.jianshu.com/
訪問http://127.0.0.1:8600/baidu轉發到https://www.baidu.com/
訪問http://127.0.0.1:8600/sina轉發到https://www.sina.com.cn/
源碼:
https://gitee.com/hjj520/spring-cloud-2.x/tree/master/sc-gateway
在講解zuul時,有讀者說沒有過濾器的網關是沒有靈魂的。接下來找個時間說說網關的過濾器filter。