本文采用Spring cloud本文爲2.1.8RELEASE,version=Greenwich.SR3 java
本文基於前兩篇文章eureka-server、eureka-client、eureka-ribbon和eureka-feign的實現。 參考git
Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring Cloud的一個新項目,該項目是基於Spring5.0,Sprint Boot2.0和Project Reactor等技術開發的網關,它的目的是在微服務架構中提供一種簡單有效的統一api路由管理方式。 Spring Cloud Gateway目標是要替代Netflix Zuul,其不只提供統一的路由管理方式,還提供一套基於Fliter鏈的方式的網關其餘功能,好比:限流、埋點、安全監控等。github
- Route(路由):網關的基本模塊,它有一個id、一個目標uri、一組斷言和一組過濾器組成,若是斷言爲真,則路由匹配。
- Predicate(斷言):是一個java8的Predicate。輸入類型是一個ServerWebExchange。可使用它來匹配來自HTTP請求的內容。
- Filter(過濾器):是org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter的實例,可使用它來修改請求和響應。
客戶端向Spring Cloud Gateway發出請求。若是Gateway Handler映射肯定請求與路由匹配,則將其發送到Gateway Web Handler。Gateway Web Handler經過特定於請求的篩選器鏈發送請求。篩選器由虛線分隔的緣由是,篩選器能夠在發送代理請求以前或以後執行邏輯。執行全部「pre」篩選邏輯,而後發出代理請求。在發出代理請求後,執行「POST」篩選邏輯。web
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
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server:
port: 8100
spring:
application:
name: spring-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true
eureka:
instance:
hostname: eureka1.server.com
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka1.server.com:8701/eureka/,http://eureka2.server.com:8702/eureka/,http://eureka3.server.com:8703/eureka/
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Spring.cloud.gateway.discovery.locator.enabled:true 這裏先簡單使用了默認的建立路由規則,自動根據serviceid建立路由的功能spring
前幾篇文章中都在對應的啓動類中增長了@EnableEurekaClient或@EnableDiscoveryClient註解,今天看文檔忽然發現,不用加@Enable*註解也能夠自動添加到註冊中心,是由於在Spring Cloud Edgware版本以後,只要加上相關的依賴,並進行相應的配置就能夠將服務自動註冊到服務發現組件上。api
按順序啓動eureka-server、eureka-client、eureka-ribbon、spring-gateway服務。 打開瀏覽器,先去eureka-server服務中心看一下服務是否正常啓動,以下如: 瀏覽器
由於咱們才用的是自動配置路由,全部這裏url上的服務名稱要所有大寫,就是和服務註冊中心保存一致。 這裏我能夠看一下spring-gate的啓動日誌,自動路由名稱所有是大寫。(我的以爲這裏設計的不是很好)。安全
2019-10-12 16:40:35.870 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: SPRING-GATEWAY.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2019-10-12 16:40:35.890 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-SPRING-GATEWAY
2019-10-12 16:40:35.890 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: SPRING-GATEWAY instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=SPRING-GATEWAY,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2019-10-12 16:40:35.895 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2019-10-12 16:40:35.910 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: SPRING-GATEWAY.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2019-10-12 16:40:35.911 INFO 97725 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client SPRING-GATEWAY initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=SPRING-GATEWAY,current list of Servers=[eureka1.server.com:8100],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:1; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:eureka1.server.com:8100; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@3b80e99c
2019-10-12 16:40:36.008 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: EUREKA-RIBBON.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2019-10-12 16:40:36.009 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-EUREKA-RIBBON
2019-10-12 16:40:36.010 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: EUREKA-RIBBON instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=EUREKA-RIBBON,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2019-10-12 16:40:36.011 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2019-10-12 16:40:36.012 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: EUREKA-RIBBON.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2019-10-12 16:40:36.012 INFO 97725 --- [tor-http-nio-10] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client EUREKA-RIBBON initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=EUREKA-RIBBON,current list of Servers=[eureka1.server.com:8901],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:1; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:eureka1.server.com:8901; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@19148ab
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一樣的方式我能夠請求eureka-feign,結果以下:架構
至此基於服務發現的默認路由規則就搭建完成。app
server:
port: 8100
spring:
application:
name: spring-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
# discovery:
# locator:
# enabled: true # 開啓經過服務中心的自動根據 serviceId 建立路由的功能
routes:
- id: ribbon-route
uri: lb://EUREKA-RIBBON
order: 0
predicates:
- Path=/ribbon/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1 #去掉前綴,具體實現參考StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory
- AddResponseHeader=X-Response-Default-Foo, Default-Bar
- id: feign-route
uri: lb://EUREKA-FEIGN
order: 0
predicates:
- Path=/feign/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
- AddResponseHeader=X-Response-Default-Foo, Default-Bar
eureka:
instance:
hostname: eureka1.server.com
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka1.server.com:8701/eureka/,http://eureka2.server.com:8702/eureka/,http://eureka3.server.com:8703/eureka/
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StripPrefix: 接受一個非負整數,對應的具體實現是StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory,作用是去掉前綴,整數對應層數。在本例中訪問的/ribbon/sayHello,網關服務向後轉發請求的時候會去掉/ribbon,eureka-ribbon收到的請求是:/sayHello。eureka-feign同理。
訪問http://localhost:8100/ribbon/sayHello和http://localhost:8100/feign/feign/sayHello,如圖下圖顯示:
Spring Cloud Gateway同時支持java的流式api的路由定義,能夠和application.yml配合使用。
package spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RoutesConfig {
@Bean
public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){
return routeLocatorBuilder.routes().route(r -> r.path("/ribbon/**")
.filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1)
.addRequestHeader("X-Response-Default-Foo", "Default-Bar"))
.uri("lb://EUREKA-RIBBON")
.order(0)
.id("ribbon-route")
).build();
}
}
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本文簡單實現了Spring Cloud Gateway的默認自動路由和自定義路由的網關服務。後面會繼續更新Spring Cloud Gateway的其餘功能,敬請期待!