C#與C++數據類型比較及結構體轉換[整理]
//c++:HANDLE(void *) ---- c#:System.IntPtr
//c++:Byte(unsigned char) ---- c#:System.Byte
//c++:SHORT(short) ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:WORD(unsigned short) ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:LONG(long) ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:ULONG(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DWORD(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DECIMAL ---- c#:System.Decimal
//c++:BOOL(long) ---- c#:System.Boolean
//c++:CHAR(char) ---- c#:System.Char
//c++:LPSTR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPWSTR(wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPCSTR(const char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPCWSTR(const wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:PCAHR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:BSTR ---- c#:System.String
//c++:FLOAT(float) ---- c#:System.Single
//c++:DOUBLE(double) ---- c#:System.Double
//c++:VARIANT ---- c#:System.Object
//c++:PBYTE(byte *) ---- c#:System.Byte[]
//c++:BSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:string
//c++:LPTSTR ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
//c++:LPTSTR 輸出變量名 ---- c#:StringBuilder 輸出變量名
//c++:LPCWSTR ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:BOOL ---- c#:bool
//c++:HMODULE ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:HINSTANCE ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:結構體 ---- c#:public struct 結構體{};
//c++:結構體 **變量名 ---- c#:out 變量名 //C#中提早申明一個結構體實例化後的變量名
//c++:結構體 &變量名 ---- c#:ref 結構體 變量名
//c++:WORD ---- c#:ushort
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:uint
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
//c++:UCHAR ---- c#:int
//c++:UCHAR ---- c#:byte
//c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:string
//c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:GUID ---- c#:Guid
//c++:Handle ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:HWND ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
//c++:COLORREF ---- c#:uint
//c++:unsigned char ---- c#:byte
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[]
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] Intptr
//c++:unsigned char & ---- c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char 變量名 ---- c#:byte 變量名
//c++:unsigned short 變量名 ---- c#:ushort 變量名
//c++:unsigned int 變量名 ---- c#:uint 變量名
//c++:unsigned long 變量名 ---- c#:ulong 變量名
//c++:char 變量名 ---- c#:byte 變量名 //C++中一個字符用一個字節表示,C#中一個字符用兩個字節表示
//c++:char 數組名[數組大小] ---- c#:MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 數組大小)] public string 數組名; ushort
//c++:char * ---- c#:string //傳入參數
//c++:char * ---- c#:StringBuilder//傳出參數
//c++:char *變量名 ---- c#:ref string 變量名
//c++:char *輸入變量名 ---- c#:string 輸入變量名
//c++:char *輸出變量名 ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 輸出變量名
//c++:char ** ---- c#:string
//c++:char **變量名 ---- c#:ref string 變量名
//c++:const char * ---- c#:string
//c++:char[] ---- c#:string
//c++:char 變量名[數組大小] ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst = 數組大小)] public string 變量名;
//c++:struct 結構體名 *變量名 ---- c#:ref 結構體名 變量名
//c++:委託 變量名 ---- c#:委託 變量名
//c++:int ---- c#:int
//c++:int ---- c#:ref int
//c++:int & ---- c#:ref int
//c++:int * ---- c#:ref int //C#中調用前需定義int 變量名 = 0;
//c++:*int ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:int32 PIPTR * ---- c#:int32[]
//c++:float PIPTR * ---- c#:float[]
//c++:double** 數組名 ---- c#:ref double 數組名
//c++:double*[] 數組名 ---- c#:ref double 數組名
//c++:long ---- c#:int
//c++:ulong ---- c#:int
//c++:UINT8 * ---- c#:ref byte //C#中調用前需定義byte 變量名 = new byte();
//c++:handle ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:hwnd ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:void * ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:void * user_obj_param ---- c#:IntPtr user_obj_param
//c++:void * 對象名稱 ---- c#:([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)]Object 對象名稱
//c++:char, INT8, SBYTE, CHAR ---- c#:System.SByte
//c++:short, short int, INT16, SHORT ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:int, long, long int, INT32, LONG32, BOOL , INT ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:__int64, INT64, LONGLONG ---- c#:System.Int64
//c++:unsigned char, UINT8, UCHAR , BYTE ---- c#:System.Byte
//c++:unsigned short, UINT16, USHORT, WORD, ATOM, WCHAR , __wchar_t ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:unsigned, unsigned int, UINT32, ULONG32, DWORD32, ULONG, DWORD, UINT ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:unsigned __int64, UINT64, DWORDLONG, ULONGLONG ---- c#:System.UInt64
//c++:float, FLOAT ---- c#:System.Single
//c++:double, long double, DOUBLE ---- c#:System.Double
//Win32 Types ---- CLR Type
//Struct須要在C#裏從新定義一個Struct
//CallBack回調函數須要封裝在一個委託裏，delegate static extern int FunCallBack(string str);
//unsigned char** ppImage替換成IntPtr ppImage
//int& nWidth替換成ref int nWidth
//int*, int&, 則均可用 ref int 對應
//雙針指類型參數，能夠用 ref IntPtr
//函數指針使用c++: typedef double (*fun_type1)(double); 對應 c#:public delegate double fun_type1(double);
//char* 的操做c++: char*; 對應 c#:StringBuilder;
//c#中使用指針:在須要使用指針的地方 加 unsafe
//unsigned char對應public byte
WORD ushort
DWORD uint
UCHAR int/byte 大部分狀況均可以使用int代替,而若是須要嚴格對齊的話則應該用bytebyte
UCHAR* string/IntPtr
unsigned char* [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)]byte[]/？（Intptr）
char* string
LPCTSTR string
LPTSTR [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
long int
ulong uint
Handle IntPtr
HWND IntPtr
void* IntPtr
int int
int* ref int
*int IntPtr
unsigned int uint
COLORREF uint
API與C#的數據類型對應關係表
API數據類型 類型描述 C#類型 API數據類型 類型描述 C#類型
WORD 16位無符號整數 ushort CHAR 字符 char
LONG 32位無符號整數 int DWORDLONG 64位長整數 long
DWORD 32位無符號整數 uint HDC 設備描述表句柄 int
HANDLE 句柄,32位整數 int HGDIOBJ GDI 對象句柄 int
UINT 32位無符號整數 uint HINSTANCE 實例句柄 int
BOOL 32位布爾型整數 bool HWM 窗口句柄 int
LPSTR 指向字符的32位指針 string HPARAM 32位消息參數 int
LPCSTR 指向常字符的32位指針 String LPARAM 32位消息參數 int
BYTE 字節 byte WPARAM 32位消息參數 int
BOOL = System.Int32
BOOLEAN = System.Int32
BYTE = System.UInt16
CHAR = System.Int16
COLORREF = System.UInt32
DWORD = System.UInt32
DWORD32 = System.UInt32
DWORD64 = System.UInt64
FLOAT = System.Float
HACCEL = System.IntPtr
HANDLE = System.IntPtr
HBITMAP = System.IntPtr
HBRUSH = System.IntPtr
HCONV = System.IntPtr
HCONVLIST = System.IntPtr
HCURSOR = System.IntPtr
HDC = System.IntPtr
HDDEDATA = System.IntPtr
HDESK = System.IntPtr
HDROP = System.IntPtr
HDWP = System.IntPtr
HENHMETAFILE = System.IntPtr
HFILE = System.IntPtr
HFONT = System.IntPtr
HGDIOBJ = System.IntPtr
HGLOBAL = System.IntPtr
HHOOK = System.IntPtr
HICON = System.IntPtr
HIMAGELIST = System.IntPtr
HIMC = System.IntPtr
HINSTANCE = System.IntPtr
HKEY = System.IntPtr
HLOCAL = System.IntPtr
HMENU = System.IntPtr
HMETAFILE = System.IntPtr
HMODULE = System.IntPtr
HMONITOR = System.IntPtr
HPALETTE = System.IntPtr
HPEN = System.IntPtr
HRGN = System.IntPtr
HRSRC = System.IntPtr
HSZ = System.IntPtr
HWINSTA = System.IntPtr
HWND = System.IntPtr
INT = System.Int32
INT32 = System.Int32
INT64 = System.Int64
LONG = System.Int32
LONG32 = System.Int32
LONG64 = System.Int64
LONGLONG = System.Int64
LPARAM = System.IntPtr
LPBOOL = System.Int16[]
LPBYTE = System.UInt16[]
LPCOLORREF = System.UInt32[]
LPCSTR = System.String
LPCTSTR = System.String
LPCVOID = System.UInt32
LPCWSTR = System.String
LPDWORD = System.UInt32[]
LPHANDLE = System.UInt32
LPINT = System.Int32[]
LPLONG = System.Int32[]
LPSTR = System.String
LPTSTR = System.String
LPVOID = System.UInt32
LPWORD = System.Int32[]
LPWSTR = System.String
LRESULT = System.IntPtr
PBOOL = System.Int16[]
PBOOLEAN = System.Int16[]
PBYTE = System.UInt16[]
PCHAR = System.Char[]
PCSTR = System.String
PCTSTR = System.String
PCWCH = System.UInt32
PCWSTR = System.UInt32
PDWORD = System.Int32[]
PFLOAT = System.Float[]
PHANDLE = System.UInt32
PHKEY = System.UInt32
PINT = System.Int32[]
PLCID = System.UInt32
PLONG = System.Int32[]
PLUID = System.UInt32
PSHORT = System.Int16[]
PSTR = System.String
PTBYTE = System.Char[]
PTCHAR = System.Char[]
PTSTR = System.String
PUCHAR = System.Char[]
PUINT = System.UInt32[]
PULONG = System.UInt32[]
PUSHORT = System.UInt16[]
PVOID = System.UInt32
PWCHAR = System.Char[]
PWORD = System.Int16[]
PWSTR = System.String
REGSAM = System.UInt32
SC_HANDLE = System.IntPtr
SC_LOCK = System.IntPtr
SHORT = System.Int16
SIZE_T = System.UInt32
SSIZE_ = System.UInt32
TBYTE = System.Char
TCHAR = System.Char
UCHAR = System.Byte
UINT = System.UInt32
UINT32 = System.UInt32
UINT64 = System.UInt64
ULONG = System.UInt32
ULONG32 = System.UInt32
ULONG64 = System.UInt64
ULONGLONG = System.UInt64
USHORT = System.UInt16
WORD = System.UInt16
WPARAM = System.IntPtr
Wtypes.h 中的非託管類型 非託管C 語言類型 託管類名 說明
HANDLE void* System.IntPtr 32 位
BYTE unsigned char System.Byte 8 位
SHORT short System.Int16 16 位
WORD unsigned short System.UInt16 16 位
INT int System.Int32 32 位
UINT unsigned int System.UInt32 32 位
LONG long System.Int32 32 位
BOOL long System.Int32 32 位
DWORD unsigned long System.UInt32 32 位
ULONG unsigned long System.UInt32 32 位
CHAR char System.Char 用 ANSI 修飾。
LPSTR char* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 ANSI 修飾。
LPCSTR Const char* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 ANSI 修飾。
LPWSTR wchar_t* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 Unicode 修飾。
LPCWSTR Const wchar_t* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 Unicode 修飾。
FLOAT Float System.Single 32 位
DOUBLE Double System.Double 64 位
C/C++中的結構類型數據在C#下的轉換
在作項目移植的時候，常常會碰到數據類型的轉換，而我這一次碰到的是C/C++中的結構怎樣轉換到C#。折騰了一個晚上終於有一個完美的方案。
例如咱們在C/C++下的結構數據以下：
typedef struct
{
char sLibName[ 256 ];
char sPathToLibrary[ 256 ];
INT32 iEntries;
INT32 iUsed;
UINT16 iSort;
UINT16 iVersion;
BOOLEAN fContainsSubDirectories;
INT32 iReserved;
} LIBHEADER;
咱們想把它轉成C#下的結構類型以下：
public struct LIBHEADER
{
public char[] sLibName;
public char[] sPathToLibrary;
public Int32 iEntries;
public Int32 iUsed;
public UInt16 iSort;
public UInt16 iVersion;
public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
public Int32 iReserved;
}
看上去好像沒問題了，呵呵呵，其實這樣是不行的，咱們得再給C#編譯器一些信息，告訴它一些字符數組的大小。而後它們在C#下面長得樣子就變成這樣：
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct LIBHEADER
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
public char[] sLibName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
public char[] sPathToLibrary;
public Int32 iEntries;
public Int32 iUsed;
public UInt16 iSort;
public UInt16 iVersion;
public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
public Int32 iReserved;
}
而後寫一個函數負責轉換。
public StructType ConverBytesToStructure<StructType>(byte[] bytesBuffer)
{
// 檢查長度。
if (bytesBuffer.Length != Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(StructType)))
{
throw new ArgumentException("bytesBuffer參數和structObject參數字節長度不一致。");
}
IntPtr bufferHandler = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bytesBuffer.Length);
for (int index = 0; index < bytesBuffer.Length; index++)
{
Marshal.WriteByte(bufferHandler, index, bytesBuffer[index]);
}
StructType structObject = (StructType)Marshal.PtrToStructure(bufferHandler, typeof(StructType));
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufferHandler);
return structObject;
}
而後咱們的函數用例是這樣：
FileStream file = File.OpenRead(@"D:/Jagged Alliance 2 Gold/INSTALL.LOG");
byte[] buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LIBHEADER))];
file.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
LIBHEADER testValue = CommonTools.ConverBytesToStructure<LIBHEADER>(buffer);
string libName = new string(testValue.sLibName);
string pathToLibrary = new string(testValue.sPathToLibrary);
OK,搞定。
若是想去掉後面兩句的char數組的轉換哪代碼以下
C#中的結構代碼
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public struct LIBHEADER
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
public string sLibName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
public string sPathToLibrary;
public Int32 iEntries;
public Int32 iUsed;
public UInt16 iSort;
public UInt16 iVersion;
public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
public Int32 iReserved;
}
其它代碼不用做修改即可使用c++
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每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。