近期在整合springboot + redis 的功能,原本想用原生的jedit api,最後想一想有點 low,搜了一把,boot已經提供給咱們操做的方法,那就是java
使用 redisTemplate 或 StringRedisTemplate, 二者是有區別的,能夠看下面的說明node
1. 二者的關係是StringRedisTemplate繼承RedisTemplate。web
2. 二者的數據是不共通的;也就是說StringRedisTemplate只能管理StringRedisTemplate裏面的數據,RedisTemplate只能管理RedisTemplate中的數據。redis
3. SDR默認採用的序列化策略有兩種,一種是String的序列化策略,一種是JDK的序列化策略。spring
StringRedisTemplate默認採用的是String的序列化策略,保存的key和value都是採用此策略序列化保存的。數據庫
RedisTemplate默認採用的是JDK的序列化策略,保存的key和value都是採用此策略序列化保存的。apache
引自: https://blog.csdn.net/yifanSJ/article/details/79513179json
好了,有關概念的解釋不在此處詳細說明,這裏只是記錄如何快速搭建和實現操做redis,先看下個人工程結構,如圖:api
引入相關jar包,pom.xml以下:springboot
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
<!-- 由於須要使用lettuce鏈接池,這個包必須添加 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> <version>2.6.1</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.8</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.8</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.8</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.2</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$--> </dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$-->
</dependency> </dependencies>
配置Redis參數 application.properties:
# 配置redis參數
# Redis數據庫索引(默認爲0)
spring.redis.database=0
# Redis服務器鏈接密碼(默認爲空)
spring.redis.password=
# Redis服務器地址
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
# Redis服務器鏈接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# 鏈接超時時間,單位(毫秒)
spring.redis.timeout=5000
# 鏈接池最大鏈接數(使用負值表示沒有限制)
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active=200
# 鏈接池最大阻塞等待時間(使用負值表示沒有限制)
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait=20000
# 鏈接池中的最大空閒鏈接
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=10
# 鏈接池中的最小空閒鏈接
spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle=10
# 集羣
#spring.redis.cluster.nodes=192.168.211.134:7000,192.168.211.134:7001,192.168.211.134:7002
#spring.redis.cluster.max-redirects=6
建立RedisConfiguration類:
package com.szl.demo.common.redisConfig; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.*; @EnableCaching @Configuration public class RedisConfiguration extends CachingConfigurerSupport { /** * @param connectionFactory * @return * @desc redis模板,存儲關鍵字是字符串, * 值jackson2JsonRedisSerializer是序列化後的值 */
@Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); // 開啓事務 redisTemplate.setEnableTransactionSupport(true); // 使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的value值(默認使用JDK的序列化方式) Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class); ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); objectMapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); objectMapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper); // 使用StringRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的key值 RedisSerializer<?> redisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer(); // key redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(redisSerializer); redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(redisSerializer); // value redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet(); return redisTemplate; } }
DTO 類:
package com.szl.demo.common.dto; import java.io.Serializable; import lombok.Data; @Data public class UserDto implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -8858511759866491158L; private String userName; private Integer userAge; }
UserService接口:
package com.szl.demo.service; import com.szl.demo.common.dto.UserDto; public interface UserService { /** * @param userDto * @desc 將字符串保存到redis中 */ public void saveUserInfoToRedis(); /** * @param key * @return * @desc 從redis中讀取字符串 */ public String getUserInfoFromRedis(String key); /** * @param userDto * @desc 將對象保存到redis中 */ public void saveUserObject(UserDto userDto); /** * @param userName * @return * @desc 從redis中獲取對象 */ public UserDto findUserObject(String userName); /** * @param userDto * @desc 鎖機制保存對象數據 */ public void lockOfUserProcess(UserDto userDto); }
UserServiceImpl實現接口:
package com.szl.demo.service.impl; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.szl.demo.common.dto.UserDto; import com.szl.demo.common.redisConfig.RedisDistributedLock; import com.szl.demo.common.util.JsonWare; import com.szl.demo.service.UserService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; @Slf4j @Service("userService") public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Autowired private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate; @Autowired private RedisDistributedLock redisDistributedLock; /** * @param userDto * @desc 將字符串保存到redis中 */ public void saveUserInfoToRedis() { // 判斷redis中是否存在key boolean isExist = redisTemplate.hasKey("demo_test02"); if (!isExist) { // 保存key,有效期爲30秒
String msg = "abc123,你好,welcome."; redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("demo_test02", msg, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } else { // 刪除key redisTemplate.delete("demo哈哈"); } } /** * @param key * @return * @desc 從redis中讀取字符串 */ public String getUserInfoFromRedis(String key) { String val = (String)redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key); return val; } /** * @param userDto * @desc 將對象保存到redis中 */ public void saveUserObject(UserDto userDto) { // 判斷redis中是否存在key boolean isExist = redisTemplate.hasKey(userDto.getUserName()); if (!isExist) { // 保存key,有效期爲30秒 redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(userDto.getUserName(), userDto, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } else { // 刪除key redisTemplate.delete(userDto.getUserName()); } } /** * @param userName * @return * @desc 從redis中獲取對象 */ public UserDto findUserObject(String userName) { UserDto userDto = (UserDto) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(userName); return userDto; } /** * @param userDto * @desc 鎖機制保存對象數據 */ public void lockOfUserProcess(UserDto userDto) { String key = "myLock_" + userDto.getUserName(); int timeout = 300 * 1000;//超時時間 5分鐘 long value = System.currentTimeMillis() + timeout; try { // 加鎖 if (!redisDistributedLock.setLock(key, String.valueOf(value))) { throw new Exception("對不起,redis被擠爆了,請休息片刻再重試。"); } // 作一些業務相關操做,這裏只是demo,隨便保存個對象信息 redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(userDto.getUserName(), userDto, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS); log.info("原來值內容:" + JsonWare.beanToJson(userDto)); // 修改值,從新保存到redis中 UserDto dto = new UserDto(); BeanUtils.copyProperties(userDto, dto); dto.setUserAge(30); redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(dto.getUserName(), dto, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS); log.info("修改值內容:" + JsonWare.beanToJson(dto)); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("異常發生,信息以下:", e.getMessage()); } finally { // 釋放鎖 redisDistributedLock.releaseLock(key, String.valueOf(value)); } } }
Controller類:
package com.szl.demo.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import com.szl.demo.common.dto.UserDto; import com.szl.demo.service.UserService; @Controller public class DemoController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUser", method = RequestMethod.POST) public void saveUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelMap model) { userService.saveUserInfoToRedis(); } @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public void getUserInfo(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam(value = "key", required = false) String key) { String msg = userService.getUserInfoFromRedis(key); System.out.println(msg); } @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUserObject", method = RequestMethod.POST) public void saveUserObject(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { UserDto dto = new UserDto(); dto.setUserName("Jimmy Shan"); dto.setUserAge(21); userService.saveUserObject(dto); } @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserObject", method = RequestMethod.GET) public void getUserObject(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam(value = "key", required = false) String key) { UserDto dto = userService.findUserObject(key); System.out.println("姓名: " + dto.getUserName() + ", 年齡: " + dto.getUserAge()); } @RequestMapping(value = "/lockDealWithDemo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public void lockDealWithDemo(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { UserDto dto = new UserDto(); dto.setUserName("JimmyShan"); dto.setUserAge(16); userService.lockOfUserProcess(dto); System.out.println("這是lock的demo請求"); } }
RedisDistributedLock類(鎖的工具類) :
package com.szl.demo.common.redisConfig; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; /** * @author Jimmy Shan * @desc Redis 鎖工具類 */ @Slf4j @Component public class RedisDistributedLock { @Resource private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate; /** * @param key redis key, 惟一鍵 * @param value redis value, 這裏是時間戳 * @return * @desc 加鎖 true已鎖 false未鎖 */ public boolean setLock(String key, String value) { if(redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, value)) { // 對應setnx命令 //能夠成功設置,也就是key不存在 return true; } // 判斷鎖超時 - 防止原來的操做異常,沒有運行解鎖操做 防止死鎖 String currentValue = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key); // 若是鎖過時 // currentValue 不爲空且小於當前時間 if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(currentValue) && Long.parseLong(currentValue) < System.currentTimeMillis()) { // 獲取上一個鎖的時間value // 對應getset,若是key存在返回當前key的值,並從新設置新的值 // redis是單線程處理,即便併發存在,這裏的getAndSet也是單個執行 // 因此,加上下面的 !StringUtils.isEmpty(oldValue) && oldValue.equals(currentValue) // 就能輕鬆解決併發問題 String oldValue = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().getAndSet(key,value); if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(oldValue) && oldValue.equals(currentValue)) { return true; } } return false; } /** * @param key redis key, 惟一鍵 * @param value redis value, 這裏是時間戳 * @return * @desc 釋放鎖 true已釋放 false未釋放 */ public void releaseLock(String key, String value) { try { String currentValue = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key); if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(currentValue) && currentValue.equals(value)) { redisTemplate.opsForValue().getOperations().delete(key);// 刪除key } } catch (Exception e) { log.error("解鎖出現異常了,{}", e); } } }
咱們去控制檯看下效果
如今咱們能看到,value爲 "abc123,你好,welcome." 中的 中文字體已經被序列化了, 還有 UserDto對象,是以 json格式存儲。
以上屬於直連模式,這種方式在訪問量不高的時候,足夠應付,遊刃有餘,反之,該如何處理呢 ?
答案是:鏈接池
下面是如何使用鏈接池的方法,以上的代碼項保持不變,只要修改 「 RedisConfiguration 」 這個類便可,看下面具體實現
使用鏈接池的 RedisConfiguration 類:
package com.szl.demo.common.redisConfig; import java.time.Duration; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.core.env.Environment; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisStandaloneConfiguration; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisClientConfiguration; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.*; @EnableCaching @Configuration public class RedisConfiguration extends CachingConfigurerSupport { @Autowired private Environment env; /** * @param connectionFactory * @return * @desc redis模板,存儲關鍵字是字符串, * 值jackson2JsonRedisSerializer是序列化後的值 */ @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate() { RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionPoolsFactory()); // 開啓事務 //redisTemplate.setEnableTransactionSupport(true); // 使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的value值(默認使用JDK的序列化方式) Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class); ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); objectMapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); objectMapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper); // 使用StringRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的key值 RedisSerializer<?> redisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer(); // key redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(redisSerializer); redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(redisSerializer); // value redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet(); return redisTemplate; } /** * @desc 使用jedis pool建立鏈接(鏈接池配置) */ private RedisConnectionFactory connectionPoolsFactory() { JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig(); // 最大空閒鏈接數, 默認8個 poolConfig.setMaxIdle(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle"))); // 最小空閒鏈接數, 默認0 poolConfig.setMinIdle(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle"))); // 最大鏈接數, 默認8個 poolConfig.setMaxTotal(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active"))); // 獲取鏈接時的最大等待毫秒數, 若是不超時設置: -1 poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(Long.parseLong(env.getProperty("spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait"))); // 逐出掃描的時間間隔(毫秒) 若是爲負數,則不運行逐出線程, 默認-1 poolConfig.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(-1); // 在獲取鏈接的時候檢查有效性, 默認false poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(true); // 在空閒時檢查有效性, 默認false poolConfig.setTestWhileIdle(true); JedisClientConfiguration jedisClientConfiguration = JedisClientConfiguration.builder().usePooling().poolConfig(poolConfig).and() .readTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(Long.parseLong(env.getProperty("spring.redis.timeout")))) .connectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(Long.parseLong(env.getProperty("spring.redis.timeout")))) .build(); RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(); redisStandaloneConfiguration.setDatabase(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("spring.redis.database"))); redisStandaloneConfiguration.setHostName(env.getProperty("spring.redis.host")); redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPassword(env.getProperty("spring.redis.password")); redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPort(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("spring.redis.port"))); return new JedisConnectionFactory(redisStandaloneConfiguration, jedisClientConfiguration); } }
至此,咱們就跑起來看效果了,以上是本人通過測試並經過的代碼和配置,另外須要說明一點,redis服務器本人使用3.0.5, 以前在使用2.4.5的時候,老是鏈接死鎖(win環境),折騰了許久,
最後仍是更新高版本解決問題。
若有朋友參考本人的筆記,有問題能夠留言,轉載請註明原著,謝謝。
鎖來源參考:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26525215/article/details/79182687