unity網絡----簡單基礎

網絡

TCP:與打電話相似,通知服務到位

UDP:與發短信相似,消息發出便可

IP和端口號是網絡兩大重要成員

端口號(Port)分爲知名端口號[0-1024,不開放)和動態端口號[1024,10000多,開放可用)

三次握手,四次揮手:

unity網端簡單案例:

分爲:綜合管理部分、客戶端和服務器

須要Socket做爲媒介來進行交互

見代碼:

 1、綜合管理部分:

 

 

 1 using System.Collections;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using UnityEngine;
 4 using System.Net;
 5 using System.Net.Sockets;
 6 using System.Threading;
 7 using System;
 8 
 9 //綜合管理部分
10 // 能夠供客戶端和服務器一塊使用
11 public class TcpSocket
12 {
13     private Socket socket;//當前實例化的套接字
14     private byte[] data;//socket上的數據  
15     private bool isServer; //用來區分服務器  仍是客戶端
16 
17 //構造TcpSocket
18     public TcpSocket(Socket socket,int dataLength, bool isServer)
19     {
20         this.socket = socket;
21         data = new byte[dataLength];
22         this.isServer = isServer;
23     }  
24 // 接受----->客戶端
25     public void ClientReceive()
26     {
27         //data:數據緩存   0:接受位的偏移量  length
28         socket.BeginReceive(data,0,data.Length,SocketFlags.None,new AsyncCallback(ClientEndReceive),null);
29     }
30     public void ClientEndReceive(IAsyncResult ar)
31     {
32         int receiveLength = socket.EndReceive(ar); //數據的處理      
33         string dataStr = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data,0, receiveLength); //把接受完畢的字節數組轉化爲 string類型
34         if (isServer)
35         {  Debug.Log("服務器接受到了:" + dataStr);           
36             for (int i = 0; i < Server.Instance.clients.Count; i++) //服務器要回什麼
37             {
38                 if (Server.Instance.clients[i].ClientConnect())
39                 {
40                     Server.Instance.clients[i].ClientSeed(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("服務器回覆:"+ dataStr));
41                 }
42             }
43         }else {
44             DataManager.Instance.Msg = dataStr;            
45             Debug.Log("客戶端接受到了:" + dataStr);
46         }
47     }
48 
49 
50 // 發送---->客戶端發送給服務器
51     public void  ClientSeed(byte[] data)
52     {
53         socket.BeginSend(data,0, data.Length, SocketFlags.None,new AsyncCallback(ClientSeedEnd),null );
54     }
55 
56     private void ClientSeedEnd(IAsyncResult ar)
57     {
58         socket.EndSend(ar);
59     }
60 
61 
62 //鏈接----客戶端與服務器鏈接
63     public void ClientConnect(string ip,int port)
64     {
65         socket.BeginConnect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(ip), port),new AsyncCallback(ClientEndConnect),null);
66     }
67     public void ClientEndConnect(IAsyncResult ar)
68     {
69         if (ar.IsCompleted) {
70             Debug.Log("鏈接成功");
71         }
72         socket.EndConnect(ar);
73     }
74 
75 // 客戶端與服務器是否鏈接
76 
77     public bool IsClientConnect()
78     {
79         return socket.Connected;
80     }
81 //斷開鏈接
82     public void ClientClose()
83     {
84         if (socket!=null&& ISClientConnect())
85         {
86             socket.Close();
87         }
88     }
89 
90 }

View Code

 

 2、服務器部分:

      注意:回調函數AcceptClient只有當服務器接受鏈接(鏈接成功了)纔會被調用.

 1 using System.Collections;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using UnityEngine;
 4 using System.Net;
 5 using System.Net.Sockets;
 6 using System.Threading;
 7 using System;
 8 
 9 // 服務器
10 
11 public class Server : MonoBehaviour {
12  
13     //單例服務器,繼承Mono的
14     private static Server instance;
15     public static Server Instance
16     {
17         get {  return instance;  }
18     }
19     private void Awake()
20     {
21         instance = this;
22     }
23 //------------------------------------------------------------------------
24     private Socket server;//定義一個服務器
25     public List<TcpSocket> clients;//全部鏈接的客戶端
26     private bool isLoopAccept = true;//是否循環接受客戶端的請求
27     
28     void Start ()
29     {
30         //初始化服務器socket        協議族   
31         server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);       
32         server.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any,10086));//綁定端口號       
33         server.Listen(100); //能夠監聽的客戶端數目
34 //------------------------------------------------------------------------    
35         //開闢一個線程      處理客戶端鏈接請求  線程要暫停需用listenThread.Abort();
36         Thread listenThread = new Thread(ReceiveClient);
37         listenThread.Start(); //開啓線程
38         listenThread.IsBackground = true; //後臺運行
39 //------------------------------------------------------------------------
40         //初始化鏈接的客戶端
41         clients = new List<TcpSocket>();
42  
43     }
44 
45 // 持續處理 接受客戶端鏈接的請求  
46     private void ReceiveClient()
47     {
48         while (isLoopAccept)
49         {          
50             server.BeginAccept(AcceptClient,null); //開始接受客戶端鏈接請求            
51             Debug.Log("檢測客戶端鏈接中.....");
52             Thread.Sleep(1000);//每隔1s檢測 有沒有鏈接我            
53         }       
54     }
55 // 客戶端鏈接成功以後回調
56     private void AcceptClient(IAsyncResult ar)
57     {
58         //鏈接成功後處理該客戶
59        Socket client = server.EndAccept(ar);
60        TcpSocket clientSocket = new TcpSocket(client,1024,true);
61        clients.Add(clientSocket); 
62        Debug.Log("鏈接成功");
63     }
64 //關閉項目終止線程,中止服務器.
65     private void OnApplicationQuit()
66     {
67         listenThread.Abort();
68         listenThread.IsBackground = true;//關閉線程
69     }
70 }

View Code

 

 三、客戶端部分:

 

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

//客戶端
public class Client : MonoBehaviour {
    public InputField  input;
    public Text receiveText;

    TcpSocket tcpClient;
    Socket client;

    void Start () {
        //註冊監聽事件
        receiveText = GameObject.Find("ReceiveText").GetComponent<Text>();      
        
        tcpClient = new TcpSocket(client,1024,false);//初始化綜合處理器
        client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//初始化客戶端
    }              
    void Update () {
        if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.IsClientConnect())//若是客戶端不爲空且客戶端已鏈接
        {
            tcpClient.ClientReceive();//執行綜合管理器中的ClientReceive()
        }
        receiveText.text = DataManager.Instance.Msg;
    }
    public void OnClickConnectBtn()//客戶端向服務器開始鏈接輸入(IP和端口號)按鈕事件
    {
        if (!tcpClient.IsClientConnect())
        {
            tcpClient.ClientConnect("10.50.6.129",10086);
        }
    }
    public void OnClickToSendServer()//客戶端向服務器發送文本消息按鈕事件
    {
        if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.IsClientConnect() && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(input.text))
        {
            tcpClient.ClientSeed(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input.text));
            input.text = "";
        }
    }
    private void OnApplicationQuit()//關閉項目,退出服務器鏈接
    {
        if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.ClientConnect())
        {
            tcpClient.ClientClose();
        }
    }
    
}

View Code