【腦電信號】基於matlab小波變換+樣本熵的癲癇腦電信號特徵提取【含Matlab源碼 1154期】

1、簡介

1974年，法國工程師J.Morlet首先提出小波變換的概念，1986年著名數學家Y.Meyer偶然構造出一個真正的小波基，並與S.Mallat合做創建了構造小波基的多尺度分析以後，小波分析纔開始蓬勃發展起來。小波分析的應用領域十分普遍，在數學方面，它已用於數值分析、構造快速數值方法、曲線曲面構造、微分方程求解、控制論等。在信號分析方面的濾波、去噪聲、壓縮、傳遞等。在圖像處理方面的圖像壓縮、分類、識別與診斷，去噪聲等。本章將着重闡述小波在圖像中的應用分析。
1 小波變換原理
小波分析是一個比較難的分支，用戶採用小波變換，能夠實現圖像壓縮，振動信號的分解與重構等，所以在實際工程上應用較普遍。小波分析與Fourier變換相比，小波變換是空間域和頻率域的局部變換，於是能有效地從信號中提取信息。小波變換經過伸縮和平移等基本運算，實現對信號的多尺度分解與重構，從而很大程度上解決了Fourier變換帶來的不少難題。
小波分析做一個新的數學分支，它是泛函分析、Fourier分析、數值分析的完美結晶；小波分析也是一種「時間—尺度」分析和多分辨分析的新技術，它在信號分析、語音合成、圖像壓縮與識別、大氣與海洋波分析等方面的研究，都有普遍的應用。
（1）小波分析用於信號與圖像壓縮。小波壓縮的特色是壓縮比高，壓縮速度快，壓縮後能保持信號與圖像的特徵不變，且在傳遞中可以抗干擾。基於小波分析的壓縮方法不少，具體有小波壓縮，小波包壓縮，小波變換向量壓縮等。
（2）小波也能夠用於信號的濾波去噪、信號的時頻分析、信噪分離與提取弱信號、求分形指數、信號的識別與診斷以及多尺度邊緣檢測等。
（3）小波分析在工程技術等方面的應用歸納的包括計算機視覺、曲線設計、湍流、遠程宇宙的研究與生物醫學方面。
2 多尺度分析

3 圖像的分解和量化

4 圖像壓縮編碼

5 圖像編碼評價

2、源代碼

function varargout = mainGUI(varargin)
% MAINGUI MATLAB code for mainGUI.fig
%      MAINGUI, by itself, creates a new MAINGUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = MAINGUI returns the handle to a new MAINGUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      MAINGUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in MAINGUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      MAINGUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new MAINGUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before mainGUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to mainGUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help mainGUI

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 26-Mar-2021 12:46:25

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @mainGUI_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @mainGUI_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before mainGUI is made visible.
function mainGUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to mainGUI (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for mainGUI
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes mainGUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = mainGUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global x
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.xlsx';'*.csv';'*.txt';'*.'},'載入文件'); 
set( handles.edit1,'String',strcat(pathname,filename)); 
data=xlsread(strcat(pathname,filename));
x=data';
axes(handles.axes1)
plot(x);
axis tight
grid on
title('原始癲癇腦電信號')
xlabel('採樣點');
ylabel('幅值/mV');
msgbox('數據導入已完成！')

% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu1.
function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu1

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function popupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
function varargout = jiemian(varargin)
% JIEMIAN MATLAB code for jiemian.fig
%      JIEMIAN, by itself, creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = JIEMIAN returns the handle to a new JIEMIAN or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      JIEMIAN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in JIEMIAN.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      JIEMIAN('Property','Value',...) creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before jiemian_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to jiemian_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jiemian

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 29-Jul-2020 18:27:56

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @jiemian_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @jiemian_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before jiemian is made visible.
function jiemian_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to jiemian (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for jiemian
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes jiemian wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = jiemian_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
ha=axes('units','normalized','pos',[0 0 1 1]);
uistack(ha,'down');
ii=imread('105.jpg');
image(ii);
colormap gray
set(ha,'handlevisibility','off','visible','on');

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
userChar = get( handles.edit1, 'string' );
passChar = get( handles.edit2,'string' );
accountNumber = '20171008189'; % 默認帳號
keyWord = 'dfgdbfd697';     % 默認密碼
n = find( strcmp(accountNumber, {userChar}),1 ); % 判斷輸入的用戶名和默認值是否一致。若是一致，則 n 非空

if ~isempty( n ) && strcmp( keyWord,{passChar} )
    h = msgbox( '歡迎進入腦電信號處理系統！' );
    uiwait( h );
    delete( gcf ); % 關閉當前的用戶登陸界面

    bishe%調用數據GUI

else
    errordlg( '帳號或密碼錯誤，請從新輸入！' );
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function text3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to text3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

3、運行結果

4、備註

版本：2014a