爬蟲學習（五）——百度貼吧的爬取

import os
import time
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse


# 輸入目標頁碼和吧名
def header():
    url = "https://tieba.baidu.com/f?"
    baming = input("請輸入要爬取的吧名")
    start_page = int(input("請輸入起始頁"))
    end_page = int(input("請輸入結束頁"))
    # 對目標頁碼進行爬取
    for page in range(start_page,end_page+1):
        print("正在爬取第%s頁"%page)
        request = headle_request(page,url,baming)
        download(request,baming,page)
        # 設置時間間隔，防止網站識別爲惡意攻擊
        time.sleep(2)


# 構建請求對象，拼接url
def headle_request(page,url,baming):
    headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36"}
    pn = (page-1)*50
    data = {
        "kw": baming,
        "ie": "utf8",
        "pn": pn
    }
    data = urllib.parse.urlencode( data )
    url += data
    request = urllib.request.Request( url, headers=headers )
    return request


# 根據請求對象下載指定的目標數據
def download(request,baming,page):
    # 獲取響應數據
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
    # 建立文件存儲的文件夾
    if not os.path.exists(baming):
        os.mkdir(baming)
    # 拼接文件名
    filename =baming+"第%s頁"%page+".html"
    print(filename)
    # 拼接文件路徑
    filepath = os.path.join(baming,filename)
    # 將相應的數據存儲起來
    with open(filepath,"wb") as tf:
        tf.write(response.read())
if __name__ == '__main__':
    header()