en-zh（社會問題）social problems

The world's richest man, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, and his wife MacKenzie have agreed a record-breaking divorce settlement of at least $35bn.

世界首富、亞馬遜創始人傑夫-貝佐斯和妻子麥肯齊近日達成創紀錄的離婚協議，前妻麥肯齊將分得至少350億美圓（約合人民幣2351億元）。

Ms Bezos keeps a 4% stake in the online retail giant, worth $35.6bn on its own.

麥肯齊得到4%的亞馬遜股份，價值356億美圓。

Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos in Seattle in 1994, a year after the couple married, and Ms Bezos was one of its first employees.

1994年，傑夫-貝佐斯在西雅圖建立了亞馬遜，當時他已經與麥肯齊結婚一年。在企業創立之初，麥肯齊也曾是亞馬遜的一名員工。

Both parties tweeted positive comments about the other in the wake of the announced settlement.

在宣佈離婚協議以後，雙方在推特上互致感謝和祝福。

The two did not provide any further financial details about the settlement.

雙方都沒有透露離婚協議的更多財務細節。

The Amazon shares alone will make Ms Bezos the world's third-richest woman while Jeff will remain the world's richest person, according to Forbes.

根據《福布斯》的排名，僅亞馬遜股份一項財產就使麥肯齊成爲全球第三大女富豪，而貝佐斯還是世界首富。

Jeff Bezos, 55, and MacKenzie, 48, a novelist, married in 1993 and have four children.

55歲的傑夫-貝佐斯和48歲的小說家麥肯齊在1993年結婚，兩人有四名子女。

Ms Bezos' tweet is her first and only one since joining the microblogging website this month. In it she stated that she was "grateful to have finished the process of dissolving my marriage to Jeff with support from each other".

這是麥肯齊在上月開通推特帳戶後的第一條也是惟一一條推文。她寫道：「在彼此的支持下，我與貝佐斯解除了婚姻關係，我很感激。」

Mr Bezos tweeted: "I'm so grateful to all my friends and family for reaching out with encouragement and love... MacKenzie most of all."

貝佐斯發推特說：「很是感謝全部的親友給個人鼓勵和愛，尤爲要感謝麥肯齊。」

The tweet concluded with: "She is resourceful and brilliant and loving, and as our futures unroll, I know I'll always be learning from her."

推文末尾說：「她很是機智、才華橫溢、充滿愛心，隨着咱們人生中下一個階段的到來，我知道我將永遠向她學習。」

Prior to the settlement, Mr Bezos held a 16.3% stake in Amazon. He will retain 75% of that holding but Ms Bezos has transferred all of her voting rights to her former husband.

在離婚協議達成前，貝佐斯持有16.3%的亞馬遜股份。他將繼續持有這部分股份的75%，但麥肯齊將全部的投票權讓給了貝佐斯。

She will also give up her interests in the Washington Post newspaper and Mr Bezos' space travel firm Blue Origin.

麥肯齊還將放棄《華盛頓郵報》和貝佐斯的天空旅行公司「藍色起源」的全部權益。

Amazon is now vast online retail business. Last year, it generated sales of $232.8bn and it has helped Mr Bezos and his family amass a fortune of $131bn, according to Forbes magazine.

據《福布斯》雜誌報道，大型電商亞馬遜去年銷售額達到2328億美圓，幫助貝佐斯和家人積累了1310億美圓的財富。

amass [ə'mæs]：vt.積聚，積累

 

Lauren Sanchez. [Photo/IC]

Mr Bezos is reportedly in a relationship with former Fox TV host Lauren Sánchez.

據報道，貝佐斯與福布斯電視臺前主持人勞倫-桑切斯陷入熱戀。

After Mr Bezos and his wife announced in January that they would part, a US tabloid magazine published details, including private messages, of an extramarital affair with Ms Sánchez.

在貝佐斯與麥肯齊今年1月宣佈將離婚後，美國一家八卦雜誌公佈了貝佐斯與桑切斯婚外戀的細節，包括私人信息。

extramarital [,ekstrə'mærɪt(ə)l]：adj.私通的，婚外的

 

Mr Bezos has accused the publisher of the magazine, American Media Incorporated, of blackmail. The publisher denies the claim.

貝佐斯譴責該雜誌的出版商美國媒體公司敲詐勒索。但這家出版商否定了這一說法。

blackmail['blækmeɪl]：vt.勒索，敲詐

 

「被猝死」的程序員，「累成狗」的年輕人，「不是在上班，就是在上班的路上」…… 在許多互聯網公司，天天早9點到晚9點，一週工做6天已不是新鮮事。

最近，有國內程序員在知名代碼託管平臺上發起了一個名爲「996.ICU」的項目，以此抵制互聯網公司超時工做的行規。目前有40多家互聯網公司被指實行「996工做制」，其中包括多家知名互聯網公司。

The rules-which require employees to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week without overtime pay-came under fire after a programmer created 996.ICU, a page on code-sharing platform GitHub.com. [Photo/IC]

Activists are calling for more supervision over labor exploitation in an online crusade spearheaded by software developers against the so-called 996 work schedule, which is widely practiced in China's tech industry.

不久前，軟件程序員們在網上掀起了一個反對996工做制的活動，一些活動人士呼籲對勞動剝削行爲進行更強有力的監管。中國的科技公司廣泛採用996工做制。

spearhead ['spɪəhed]：vt.帶頭；作先鋒

 

The rules-which require employees to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week without overtime pay-came under fire after a programmer created 996.ICU, a page on code-sharing platform GitHub.com. The page garnered immediate attention at home and abroad.

996工做制指的是員工從早上9點工做到晚上9點，每週工做6天，且沒有加班費。一位程序員在代碼分享平臺GitHub網站上建立了996.ICU主頁，這種工做制當即遭到抨擊，並引起了國內外普遍關注。

建立者還很是暖心地幫被996的員工們算了一筆經濟帳，按照勞動法規定，996工做制下只有拿到當前工資的2.275倍，纔不吃虧。

 

The name 996.ICU refers to a saying among Chinese developers that following the 996 schedule puts you at risk of ending up in an intensive care unit.

在中國996工做制的程序員中流傳着一句話：工做996生病ICU，996.ICU這一主頁的名稱由此而來。

In the weeks that followed the creation of 996.ICU in March, the page has accrued almost 200,000 stars-which indicates popularity among users.

3月份，在996.ICU主頁建立後的幾周內，星數就已超20萬，星數表明該主頁在使用者中的受歡迎程度。

accrue [ə'kruː]：vt.得到；積累

 

「What’s the difference between these 996 companies and the old landlords who oppressed peasants???」 said one post.

主頁上的一個帖子寫道：「採用996工做制的公司和舊社會的地主壓迫農民有什麼區別？」

996.ICU was Github’s most book-marked project on Friday with over 176,000 followers.

上週五，996.ICU成爲Github網站上標記最多的活動主頁，有17.6萬名粉絲。

Users listed tech companies that use the 996 schedule, and then created a licensing agreement that would ban such companies from using their codes.

用戶們列出了採用996工做制的科技公司名稱，以後建立了特許權協議，禁止這些公司使用這些程序員開發的代碼。

還有網友稱，996不算什麼，本身的工做是896，927……

The campaign against 996 work culture went viral on Weibo, drawing thousands of responses on China’s version of Twitter.

抵制996工做制的活動在微博廣爲傳播，數千名網友回帖討論。

 

甚至有網友調侃說，乾脆007……

The 996.ICU page was soon blocked on multiple platforms including the messaging tool WeChat and the UC Browser.

不久，該主頁被多家網絡平臺屏蔽，包括通信工具微信和UC瀏覽器。

The 996 schedule was allegedly first adopted in 2016 by 58.com, a major online classified advertisement site.

據稱，58.com網站是首家採用996工做制的公司。該網站是國內一家大型分類廣告網站。

Jiang Ying, a professor at China University of Labor Relations and a leading expert on China's Labor Law, said the rare protest by sleep-deprived tech firm employees underscored the difficulties facing workers who defend their rights.

勞動法專家、中國勞動關係學院教授蔣英說，睡眠時間被剝奪的科技公司員工這種少見的抗議讓咱們看到了員工維護本身權益時面臨的困難。

"When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job. And as a result they took to cyberspace," she said.

她說：「當訴諸於法律體系保護權益時，人們可能須要付出時間、金錢、以及丟掉工做的代價。所以他們訴諸於網絡空間。」

Employers are obliged to provide overtime pay, bonuses and welfare benefits to employees working overtime. But many tech company employees said it was too much to hope for.

僱主必須向加班員工支付加班費、獎金和福利。但不少科技公司員工稱這是可望而不可及的。

A senior developer with the e-commerce giant Alibaba, who asked not to be named to protect his career, said employers seldom say the schedule is compulsory, but failure to follow the rules could lead to low performance scores and layoffs.

電子商務巨頭阿里巴巴的一名匿名資深程序員說，公司管理人員不多說996工做制是強制性的，但若是不聽從這一規則，績效分數會很低，甚至被裁人。

"Defiant behavior can also lead to losing your annual bonus, which is a lot of money," he said.

他說：「不聽從996工做制還會讓你拿不到年終獎，那也是一大筆錢。」

To better protect workers from harsh treatment, Jiang suggested that oversight should be beefed up, and systems for lodging complaints should be improved.

爲防止員工遭受這樣嚴苛的待遇，蔣教授建議增強監管，改進投訴機制。

beef up：vt.增強（增援，充實）

 

China's Labor Law prescribes that the working hours of an employee should not exceed an average of eight hours daily, or 44 hours a week.

中國的勞動法規定，員工天天工做不得超過8小時，或每週不超過44小時。

Employers may extend working hours after consultation with an employee, but shall not exceed three hours a day or 36 hours a month.

僱主能夠在與員工協商後延長工做時間，但加班時間不該超過天天3小時或每個月36小時。

The 996 work schedule, however, can easily ratchet up weekly work to 60 hours.

但996工做制能輕易將工做時間增長到每週60個小時。

ratchet up：逐漸升高；略微調高

 

Jiang said tech firms represent the country's most advanced productive force and should have the wisdom to adopt a more effective way to improve productivity.

蔣英教授說，科技公司表明了國家最早進的生產力，應該有能力採用更有效的措施提升工做效率。

 

 

北京將建「不文明遊客」黑名單  「上榜」遊客或被禁入公園 Parks in Beijing want to blacklist 'uncivilized' visitors

中國日報網 2019-04-09 14:33

在一片大好的春光中外出賞櫻，你可能會看到有人搖樹製造「櫻花雨」……

 

去公園踏青，你可能會看到有人爬樹摘花，亂扔垃圾，兜售小商品……

 

圖片來源：微博

 

2015年03月29日，北京，京城春色美景吸引許多市民戶外踏青。在北京國際雕塑公園，許多市民踏青遊玩，可是有有一些不文明行爲大煞風景。

 

甚至還有人，把生態園的油菜花采回家作菜……

圖片來源：微博

 

從此若是再有這種行爲，你可能就沒機會再去逛公園了。據報道，北京市將建「不文明遊客」黑名單，限制有不良行爲記錄的遊客前來遊覽。

Tourism authorities in Beijing said they are considering creating a blacklist of "uncivilized visitors" in order to curb bad behavior by visitors, as the city is inundated with tourists for Tomb Sweeping Festival.

清明節期間，北京遊客爆滿，該市旅遊管理部門表示，正考慮創建一份「不文明遊客」黑名單，以遏制遊客的不良行爲。

inundate['ɪnʌndeɪt]：vt.淹沒；氾濫；浸水；（洪水般的）撲來

 

來源：中國青年網

 

Officials at the Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks said that the upsurge in domestic tourists visiting the Chinese capital for the three-day holiday, also known as Qingming Festival, had coincided with "uncivilized tourist behavior," including climbing peach trees, picking flowers, damaging plants, fishing in park lakes, and selling things illegally within the city's parks.

北京市公園管理中心的官員稱，清明節三天假期期間到訪首都的國內遊客數量猛增，一些「不文明旅遊行爲」也隨之發生，包括爬桃樹、採花、破壞植物、在公園湖泊釣魚，以及在公園內非法出售商品等。

upsurge ['ʌpsɜːdʒ]：n.高潮，高漲

 

A blacklist would block "loutish travelers" from visiting the city's parks, using facial recognition software and other surveillance technology to monitor guests and keep out those with a record of bad behavior.

被列入黑名單的不文明遊客或被禁止遊覽該市公園，公園將使用人臉識別軟件和其餘監控技術監督遊客，限制有不良行爲記錄的遊客前來遊覽。

loutish [ˈlaʊtɪʃ]: adj.笨拙的，粗野的

 

In 2017, Beijing's Temple of Heaven Park installed face scanners in its toilets to prevent what officials said was an epidemic of toilet paper theft. Those needing paper had to make eye contact with a machine before it spit out a single portion -- anyone needing more than the provided amount would need to wait 9 minutes.

2017年，天壇公園在廁所安裝了人臉識別廁紙機，以制止氾濫的廁紙盜竊行爲。須要用紙者必須先在機器上進行人臉識別，而後機器纔會提供一份廁紙，每次刷臉取紙後須要等待9分鐘才能再次取紙。

 

[Photo/Xinhua]

Chinese tourists made more than 112 million domestic trips during this year's Tomb Sweeping Festival, a 10.9% increase on last year, according to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Beijing alone saw more than 700,000 people visiting some dozen parks around the city.

文化和旅遊部的數據顯示，今年清明節期間，中國國內旅遊總人數超過1.12億人次，同比增加10.9%。僅北京一地就有70多萬人遊覽了該市周邊的十幾座公園。

今年，一些城市還組織志願者爲遊客拍照指路，勸導不文明行爲。

杭州太子灣春季花展志願服務隊。圖片來源：微博

 

鄭州大學青年志願者。圖片來源：微博

 

Policing of tourists has been ramping up in recent years. In 2016, the China National Tourism Administration placed 20 people with a history of bad behavior on a blacklist, restricting their ability to travel.

近年來，中國一直在加大力度規範遊客的行爲。2016年，當時的中國國家旅遊局曾將20名有不良行爲記錄的遊客列入旅遊黑名單，以限制他們的旅遊消費行爲。

 

這些旅遊不文明行爲要避免

2016年5月30日，國家旅遊局向各地區旅遊局下發了修訂後的《國家旅遊局關於旅遊不文明行爲記錄管理暫行辦法》，2015年4月印發的《遊客不文明行爲記錄管理暫行辦法》中止實施。新《辦法》將「旅遊不文明行爲記錄」從6條增至9條。同時，記錄時間從最長的1年至2年，增長到1年至5年。同時,增長了針對旅遊從業人員違規的規定，一樣列入不文明記錄。

新《辦法》中列出的旅遊不文明行爲（inappropriate tourism behavior）包括：

擾亂公共場所秩序（undermining public order）

公共交通工具上行爲不當（acting inappropriately on public transport）

破壞私人或公共財物（damaging private or public property）

違反當地風俗習慣（disrespecting local customs）

破壞文物古蹟（sabotaging historical exhibits）

參與賭博、色情等非法活動（engaging in gambling or illegal sexual activities）

破壞生態環境，違反野生動植物保護規定（destroying the environment or violating the protection of wildlife）

擾亂旅遊場所秩序（disrupting the public order at tourist resorts）

同時，新《辦法》將從事旅遊經營管理與服務的工做人員即「旅遊從業人員」（tourism service providers）違規，也歸入了「不文明行爲記錄」。

 

來源：中國青年網

 

Two of those blacklisted had caused a plane from Bangkok to the Chinese city of Nanjing to return halfway after they got into an argument with flight attendants, while in another case, a passenger tried to prevent a plane taking off by forcing open its emergency exit.

被列入黑名單的人中，包括曾在一架從曼谷飛往南京的航班上與空乘人員發生爭執，致使飛機中途返航的兩人。在另外一起案件中，一名乘客試圖經過強行打開飛機應急艙門阻止飛機起飛。

Last year, the travel blacklist was expanded to include more than 670 people. While some of the offenses which landed people on the list included travel misbehavior such as disrupting flights or smoking on trains, it also includes those who have failed to pay court judgments or taking part in illegal securities trading.

2018年，該旅遊黑名單增長到670多人。被列入該名單的理由包括擾亂航班或在火車上吸菸等旅行過程當中的不當行爲。還有一些人由於拒絕履行法院執行文書或參與非法證券交易而被列爲失信被執行人。

People on the list can be banned from some or all air and train travel for up to 12 months.

被列入旅遊黑名單的人一年內禁止搭乘飛機或高鐵。