Python接口自動化--Json數據處理 5

1.Json模塊簡介,全名JavaScript Object Notation,輕量級的數據交換格式,經常使用於http請求中。html

Encoding basic Python object hierarchies::

>>> import json
>>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])
'["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]'
>>> print json.dumps("\"foo\bar")
"\"foo\bar"
>>> print json.dumps(u'\u1234')
"\u1234"
>>> print json.dumps('\\')
"\\"
>>> print json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True)
{"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0}
>>> from StringIO import StringIO
>>> io = StringIO()
>>> json.dump(['streaming API'], io)
>>> io.getvalue()
'["streaming API"]'

2.Encode(python->Json),在python和json中的bool值,不一樣,以下圖,因此不轉換的話,會報錯,因此須要把python的代碼通過encode後成爲json可識別的數據類型。python

布爾值 python json
True true
False false
# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_

import requests
import json

#python的字典
payload = {"cye":True,
           "json":False,
           "python":"22137284235",}

print (type(payload))
#輸出
# <type 'dict'>

#轉化成json格式
data_json = json.dumps(payload)
print (type(data_json))
#輸出
# <type 'str'>
print (data_json)
# 輸出
# {"python": "22137284235", "json": false, "cye": true}

 Python通過encode成Json的數據類型ajax

Python Json
dict object
list,tuple array
str,long,float number
True true
False false
None null

 

3.decode(Json-->Python)json

字符串:s = {"success":true}url

轉成字典:j = s.json(),而後能夠經過 j["success"]=true來獲取字典的相應key的value值spa

Json數據轉成python可識別的數據,對應關係以下3d

Json Python
object dict
array list
string unicode
number(int) int,long,
number(real) float
true True
false False
None null

實例:查詢快遞單號code

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

import requests
import json

id = 8881*************
url = "http://www.kuaidi.com/index-ajaxselectcourierinfo-%s-yuantong.html"%id
# print (url)

head = {"Connection": "keep-alive",
"X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6"}

r = requests.get(url=url,headers=head,verify=True)
j = r.json()
data = j["data"]
print (data[0])
print (data[0]["context"])
#輸出結果
#{u'context': u'\u5ba2\u6237 \u7b7e\u6536\u4eba: \u90ae\u653f\u6536\u53d1\u7ae0 \u5df2\u7b7e\u6536 \u611f\u8c22\u4f7f\u7528\u5706\u901a\u901f\u9012\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u518d\u6b21\u4e3a\u60a8\u670d\u52a1', u'time': u'2018-01-22 15:43:23'}
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