目錄html
生鮮超市(十) 生鮮超市(十一) 生鮮超市(十二) 生鮮超市(十三) git
代碼下載github
githubdjango
教程axios
學習自慕課網-前端vue結合後端DjangoFramework的在線生鮮超市 後端
(1)商品分類有兩個接口:api
一種是所有分類:一級二級三級
一種是某一類的分類以及商品詳細信息:
開始寫商品分類的接口
(2)序列化
給分類添加三級分類的serializer
goods/serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers from .models import Goods,GoodsCategory class CategorySerializer3(serializers.ModelSerializer): '''三級分類''' class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__" class CategorySerializer2(serializers.ModelSerializer): ''' 二級分類 ''' #在parent_category字段中定義的related_name="sub_cat" sub_cat = CategorySerializer3(many=True) class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__" class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): """ 商品一級類別序列化 """ sub_cat = CategorySerializer2(many=True) class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__"
(3)views.py
class CategoryViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet): ''' list: 商品分類列表數據 ''' queryset = GoodsCategory.objects.filter(category_type=1)
serializer_class = CategorySerializer
說明:
(4)url配置
# 配置Category的url router.register(r'categorys', CategoryViewSet, base_name="categorys")
接口相關代碼都放在src/api/api.js裏面,調試接口的時候咱們首先須要新建一個本身的host,而後替換要調試的host
(1)新建local_host
let local_host = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000'
(2)替換商品類別默認的host
//獲取商品類別信息 export const getCategory = params => { if('id' in params){ return axios.get(`${local_host}/categorys/`+params.id+'/'); } else { return axios.get(`${local_host}/categorys/`, params); } };
這個時候訪問 http://127.0.0.1:8080/#/app/home/index
發現不顯示商品分類了,是由於這涉及到了跨域問題,接下來就解決跨域的問題
drf跨域問題
後端服務器解決跨域問題的方法
(1)安裝模塊
pip install django-cors-headers
django-cors-headers 使用說明:https://github.com/ottoyiu/django-cors-headers
(2)添加到INSTALL_APPS中
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'coreschema',
... )
(3)添加中間件
下面添加中間件的說明:
CorsMiddleware
should be placed as high as possible, especially before any middleware that can generate responses such as Django's CommonMiddleware
or Whitenoise's WhiteNoiseMiddleware
. If it is not before, it will not be able to add the CORS headers to these responses.
Also if you are using CORS_REPLACE_HTTPS_REFERER
it should be placed before Django's CsrfViewMiddleware
(see more below).
意思就是 要放的儘量靠前,必須在CsrfViewMiddleware以前。咱們直接放在第一個位置就行了
MIDDLEWARE = [ 'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware', 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ]
(4)設置爲True
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
如今再訪問 http://127.0.0.1:8080/#/app/home/index 數據就能夠填充進來了
在一級分類中設置爲True
商品列表頁會判斷咱們是serach仍是getGoods
getListData() { if(this.pageType=='search'){ getGoods({ search: this.searchWord, //搜索關鍵詞 }).then((response)=> { this.listData = response.data.results; this.proNum = response.data.count; }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); }); }else { getGoods({ page: this.curPage, //當前頁碼 top_category: this.top_category, //商品類型 ordering: this.ordering, //排序類型 pricemin: this.pricemin, //價格最低 默認爲‘’ 即爲不選價格區間 pricemax: this.pricemax // 價格最高 默認爲‘’ }).then((response)=> { this.listData = response.data.results; this.proNum = response.data.count; }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); }); } },
說明:
(1)page分頁
page_size數量與前端一致
頁碼參數與起前端一致"page"
class GoodsPagination(PageNumberPagination): ''' 商品列表自定義分頁 ''' #默認每頁顯示的個數 page_size = 12 #能夠動態改變每頁顯示的個數 page_size_query_param = 'page_size' #頁碼參數 page_query_param = 'page' #最多能顯示多少頁 max_page_size = 100
(2)過濾
top_category是商品的一級分類,須要傳入參數:一級分類的id
pricemin和pricemax與前端保持一致
獲取一級分類下的全部商品
# goods/filters.py import django_filters from .models import Goods from django.db.models import Q class GoodsFilter(django_filters.rest_framework.FilterSet): ''' 商品過濾的類 ''' #兩個參數,name是要過濾的字段,lookup是執行的行爲,‘小與等於本店價格’ pricemin = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="shop_price", lookup_expr='gte') pricemax = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="shop_price", lookup_expr='lte') top_category = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="category", method='top_category_filter') def top_category_filter(self, queryset, name, value): # 無論當前點擊的是一級分類二級分類仍是三級分類,都能找到。 return queryset.filter(Q(category_id=value) | Q(category__parent_category_id=value) | Q( category__parent_category__parent_category_id=value)) class Meta: model = Goods fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax']
(3)排序
GoodsListViewSet中ording與前端要一致
#排序 ordering_fields = ('sold_num', 'shop_price')
(4)替換爲local_host
//獲取商品列表 export const getGoods = params => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/goods/`, { params: params }) }
(5)搜索
#搜索 search_fields = ('name', 'goods_brief', 'goods_desc')
如今就能夠從後臺獲取商品的數據了,主要功能
全部代碼:
# MxShop/urls.py __author__ = 'derek' from django.urls import path,include,re_path import xadmin from django.views.static import serve from MxShop.settings import MEDIA_ROOT # from goods.view_base import GoodsListView from rest_framework.documentation import include_docs_urls from goods.views import GoodsListViewSet,CategoryViewSet from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter router = DefaultRouter() #配置goods的url router.register(r'goods', GoodsListViewSet,base_name='goods') # 配置Category的url router.register(r'categorys', CategoryViewSet, base_name="categorys") urlpatterns = [ path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls), path('api-auth/',include('rest_framework.urls')), path('ueditor/',include('DjangoUeditor.urls' )), #文件 path('media/<path:path>',serve,{'document_root':MEDIA_ROOT}), #drf文檔,title自定義 path('docs',include_docs_urls(title='仙劍奇俠傳')), #商品列表頁 re_path('^', include(router.urls)), ]
# goods/filters.py import django_filters from .models import Goods from django.db.models import Q class GoodsFilter(django_filters.rest_framework.FilterSet): ''' 商品過濾的類 ''' #兩個參數,name是要過濾的字段,lookup是執行的行爲,‘小與等於本店價格’ pricemin = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="shop_price", lookup_expr='gte') pricemax = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="shop_price", lookup_expr='lte') top_category = django_filters.NumberFilter(name="category", method='top_category_filter') def top_category_filter(self, queryset, name, value): # 無論當前點擊的是一級分類二級分類仍是三級分類,都能找到。 return queryset.filter(Q(category_id=value) | Q(category__parent_category_id=value) | Q( category__parent_category__parent_category_id=value)) class Meta: model = Goods fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax']
# goods/serializers.py from rest_framework import serializers from .models import Goods,GoodsCategory class CategorySerializer3(serializers.ModelSerializer): '''三級分類''' class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__" class CategorySerializer2(serializers.ModelSerializer): ''' 二級分類 ''' #在parent_category字段中定義的related_name="sub_cat" sub_cat = CategorySerializer3(many=True) class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__" class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): """ 商品一級類別序列化 """ sub_cat = CategorySerializer2(many=True) class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__" #ModelSerializer實現商品列表頁 class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): #覆蓋外鍵字段 category = CategorySerializer() class Meta: model = Goods fields = '__all__'
# googd/views.py from rest_framework.views import APIView from goods.serializers import GoodsSerializer,CategorySerializer from .models import Goods,GoodsCategory from rest_framework.response import Response from rest_framework import mixins from rest_framework import generics from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination from rest_framework import viewsets from .filters import GoodsFilter from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend from rest_framework import filters class GoodsPagination(PageNumberPagination): ''' 商品列表自定義分頁 ''' #默認每頁顯示的個數 page_size = 12 #能夠動態改變每頁顯示的個數 page_size_query_param = 'page_size' #頁碼參數 page_query_param = 'page' #最多能顯示多少頁 max_page_size = 100 class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet): ''' 商品列表,分頁,搜索,過濾,排序 ''' #這裏必需要定義一個默認的排序,不然會報錯 queryset = Goods.objects.all() # 分頁 pagination_class = GoodsPagination #序列化 serializer_class = GoodsSerializer filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend,filters.SearchFilter,filters.OrderingFilter) # 設置filter的類爲咱們自定義的類 #過濾 filter_class = GoodsFilter #搜索 search_fields = ('name', 'goods_brief', 'goods_desc') #排序 ordering_fields = ('sold_num', 'shop_price') class CategoryViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet): ''' list: 商品分類列表數據 ''' queryset = GoodsCategory.objects.filter(category_type=1) serializer_class = CategorySerializer
Django REST framework+Vue 打造生鮮超市(四)
Django REST framework+Vue 打造生鮮超市(三)