js中幾種遍歷對象的方法,包括for..of、for..in、Object.keys、Object.getOwnProperty,它們在使用場景方面各有不一樣。es6
js對象的屬性中可直接用、可訪問到的屬性分爲數據屬性和訪問器屬性。json
{ value: 屬性值, writable: true/false, //控制是否可修改 enumerable: true/false, //控制是否可被for in遍歷 configurable: true/false, //1. 控制是否可刪除 2. 控制是否可修改前兩個特性 3.一旦改成false不可逆 }
{ get:function(){return this.隱藏屬性;}, set:function(val){ //若是val符合條件 this.隱藏屬性=val //不然 報錯 }, enumerable, configurable }
返回的是全部可以經過對象訪問的、可枚舉的屬性,既包括存在於實例中的屬性,也包括存在於原型中的實例,不能保證屬性按對象原來的順序輸出。(可枚舉-自身-原型)數組
var obj = {a:1, b:2, c:3}; for (var prop in obj) { console.log("obj." + prop + " = " + obj[prop]); } // Output: // "obj.a = 1" // "obj.b = 2" // "obj.c = 3"
用於獲取對象自身全部的可枚舉的屬性值,但不包括原型中的屬性,而後返回一個由屬性名組成的數組。注意它同for..in同樣不能保證屬性按對象原來的順序輸出。(可枚舉-自身)post
// 數組 var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']; console.log(Object.keys(arr)); // console: ['0', '1', '2'] // 類數組對象 var obj = { 0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c' }; console.log(Object.keys(obj)); // console: ['0', '1', '2'] // 類數組對象-隨機下標 var anObj = { 100: 'a', 2: 'b', 7: 'c' }; console.log(Object.keys(anObj)); // console: ['2', '7', '100'] // 不可枚舉屬性getFoo var myObj = Object.create({}, { getFoo: { value: function () { return this.foo; } } }); myObj.foo = 1; console.log(Object.keys(myObj)); // console: ['foo']
若是你想獲取一個對象的全部屬性,甚至包括不可枚舉的,則可用該方法。其返回對象的全部自身屬性的屬性名組成的數組,但不會獲取原型鏈上的屬性。(可枚舉&不可枚舉-自身)this
//獲取不可枚舉屬性 var my_obj = Object.create({}, { getFoo: { value: function() { return this.foo; }, enumerable: false } }); my_obj.foo = 1; console.log(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(my_obj).sort()); // ["foo", "getFoo"]
下面的例子演示了該方法不會獲取到原型鏈上的屬性:spa
function ParentClass() {} ParentClass.prototype.inheritedMethod = function() {}; function ChildClass() { this.prop = 5; this.method = function() {}; } ChildClass.prototype = new ParentClass; ChildClass.prototype.prototypeMethod = function() {}; console.log( Object.getOwnPropertyNames( new ChildClass() // ["prop", "method"] ) );
es6新增方法,主要來遍歷可迭代的對象(包括Array, Map, Set, arguments等),它主要用來獲取對象value值,而for..in主要獲取對象key值。
另外:能夠由break, continue, throw 或return終止。在這些狀況下,迭代器關閉。prototype
let iterable = [10, 20, 30]; for (let value of iterable) { value += 1; console.log(value); } // 11 // 21 // 31
與for..in循環之間的區別:code
Object.prototype.objCustom = function() {}; Array.prototype.arrCustom = function() {}; let iterable = [3, 5, 7]; iterable.foo = 'hello'; for (let i in iterable) { console.log(i); // 0, 1, 2, "foo", "arrCustom", "objCustom" } for (let i in iterable) { if (iterable.hasOwnProperty(i)) { console.log(i); // 0, 1, 2, "foo" } } for (let i of iterable) { console.log(i); // 3, 5, 7 }
其實這幾個方法之間的差別主要在屬性是否可可枚舉,是來自原型,仍是實例。對象
需求:將以下兩個從後臺不一樣端口獲取的json對象數組整合處理成以下注釋部分的json對象圖片
var goodsSpecJSON = [{ "SpecA": "顏色" }, { "SpecB": "容量" }, { "SpecC": "大小" }, { "SpecD": "尺寸" }, { "SpecE": "套餐" }]; var goodsSpecList = [{ c_id: 3133, costPrice: 0, discountPrice: 0, earn: 0, etime: null, flag: 0, goodsDetailCount: 199, goodsDetailId: "100PgQ2xy08121409mY27", goodsDetailInventory: 199, goodsDetailOff: 0, goodsDetailPic: "/upload/messageImage/1523281057461_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523282906972_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523283570897_Personal.jpg", goodsDetailPrice: 188, goodsDetailSpec: "", goodsId: "00Y1kR4r1029X822731o0", isHost: 0, managerEarn: 0, postage: 10, profit: 0, specA: "紅色", specB: "32G", specC: "小", specD: "4.7寸", specE: "套餐一", unionEarn: 0, vipPrice: 0 }, { c_id: 3134, costPrice: 0, discountPrice: 0, earn: 0, etime: null, flag: 0, goodsDetailCount: 199, goodsDetailId: "100PgQ2xy08121409mY27", goodsDetailInventory: 199, goodsDetailOff: 0, goodsDetailPic: "/upload/messageImage/1523281057461_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523282906972_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523283570897_Personal.jpg", goodsDetailPrice: 188, goodsDetailSpec: "", goodsId: "00Y1kR4r1029X822731o0", isHost: 0, managerEarn: 0, postage: 10, profit: 0, specA: "白色", specB: "64G", specC: "小", specD: "5寸", specE: "套餐二", unionEarn: 0, vipPrice: 0 }, { c_id: 3135, costPrice: 0, discountPrice: 0, earn: 0, etime: null, flag: 0, goodsDetailCount: 199, goodsDetailId: "100PgQ2xy08121409mY27", goodsDetailInventory: 199, goodsDetailOff: 0, goodsDetailPic: "/upload/messageImage/1523281057461_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523282906972_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523283570897_Personal.jpg", goodsDetailPrice: 188, goodsDetailSpec: "", goodsId: "00Y1kR4r1029X822731o0", isHost: 0, managerEarn: 0, postage: 10, profit: 0, specA: "黑色", specB: "128G", specC: "小", specD: "4.7寸", specE: "套餐一", unionEarn: 0, vipPrice: 0 }, { c_id: 3136, costPrice: 0, discountPrice: 0, earn: 0, etime: null, flag: 0, goodsDetailCount: 199, goodsDetailId: "100PgQ2xy08121409mY27", goodsDetailInventory: 199, goodsDetailOff: 0, goodsDetailPic: "/upload/messageImage/1523281057461_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523282906972_Personal.jpg,/upload/messageImage/1523283570897_Personal.jpg", goodsDetailPrice: 188, goodsDetailSpec: "", goodsId: "00Y1kR4r1029X822731o0", isHost: 0, managerEarn: 0, postage: 10, profit: 0, specA: "藍色", specB: "64GG", specC: "大", specD: "4.5寸", specE: "套餐二", unionEarn: 0, vipPrice: 0 }]; // var keys = { // '顏色': ['紅色', '白色'], // '容量': ['8g', '16g', '32g', '64g'], // '尺寸': ['大', '小', '大'], // '套餐': ['套餐一', '套餐二', '套餐三'] // }; // //SKU,Stock Keeping Uint(庫存量單位) // var sku_list = [{ // 'attrs': '紅色|16g|big|套餐二', // 'price': 120 // }, { // 'attrs': '紅色|8g|big|套餐一', // 'price': 10 // }, { // 'attrs': '白色|16g|big|套餐二', // 'price': 28 // }, { // 'attrs': '紅色|64g|small|套餐三', // 'price': 220 // }, { // 'attrs': '白色|32g|middle|套餐二', // 'price': 130 // }, { // 'attrs': '紅色|32g|big|套餐一', // 'price': 120 // }, ];
實現:主要利用Object.keys方法獲取對象的key,value值,配上forEach循環實現最終想要的結果。
var keys = {}; var sku_list = []; //原數據轉換小寫 goodsSpecJSON = goodsSpecJSON.map(function (keyo) { var key = Object.keys(keyo)[0]; var newkey = key.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + key.substring(1); var dic = {}; dic[newkey] = keyo[key]; return dic }); //生成keys goodsSpecJSON.forEach(function (keyo) { var key = Object.keys(keyo)[0]; //['specA'] var val = keyo[key]; //顏色 if (!keys.hasOwnProperty(val)) { keys[val] = []; } var hash = {}; goodsSpecList.forEach(function (item, i) { if (hash[item[key]] === undefined) { hash[item[key]] = true; keys[val].push(item[key]); } // if (keys[val].indexOf(item[key]) === -1) { // keys[val].push(item[key]); // } }); }); console.log(keys) //生成sku_list goodsSpecList.forEach(function (item) { var dic = { attrs: '' }; goodsSpecJSON.forEach(function (keyo, j) { var key = Object.keys(keyo)[0]; dic.attrs += item[key] + (j === goodsSpecJSON.length - 1 ? '' : '|'); dic.price = item.goodsDetailPrice; dic.goodsDetailCount = item.goodsDetailCount; dic.goodsDetailId = item.goodsDetailId; }); sku_list.push(dic); }); console.log(sku_list)
輸出結果: