Producer-Consumer Pattern就是生產者-消費者模式。
生產者和消費者在爲不一樣的處理線程,生產者必須將數據安全地交給消費者,消費者進行消費時,若是生產者尚未創建數據,則消費者須要等待。
通常來講,可能存在多個生產者和消費者,不過也有可能生產者和消費者都只有一個,當雙方都只有一個時,咱們也稱之爲Pipe Pattern。安全
該案例中,定義了3個角色:廚師、客人、桌子。dom
廚師(生產者)定義:this
public class MakerThread extends Thread { private final Random random; private final Table table; private static int id = 0; //蛋糕的流水號(全部廚師共通) public MakerThread(String name, Table table, long seed) { super(name); this.table = table; this.random = new Random(seed); } public void run() { try { while (true) { Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000)); String cake = "[ Cake No." + nextId() + " by " + getName() + " ]"; table.put(cake); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } private static synchronized int nextId() { return id++; } }
客人(消費者)定義:spa
public class EaterThread extends Thread { private final Random random; private final Table table; public EaterThread(String name, Table table, long seed) { super(name); this.table = table; this.random = new Random(seed); } public void run() { try { while (true) { String cake = table.take(); Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000)); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } }
桌子(隊列)定義:線程
public class Table { private final String[] buffer; private int tail; private int head; private int count; public Table(int count) { this.buffer = new String[count]; this.head = 0; this.tail = 0; this.count = 0; } public synchronized void put(String cake) throws InterruptedException { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " puts " + cake); while (count >= buffer.length) { wait(); } buffer[tail] = cake; tail = (tail + 1) % buffer.length; count++; notifyAll(); } public synchronized String take() throws InterruptedException { while (count <= 0) { wait(); } String cake = buffer[head]; head = (head + 1) % buffer.length; count--; notifyAll(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " takes " + cake); return cake; } }
執行:code
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Table table = new Table(3); new MakerThread("MakerThread-1", table, 31415).start(); new MakerThread("MakerThread-2", table, 92653).start(); new MakerThread("MakerThread-3", table, 58979).start(); new EaterThread("EaterThread-1", table, 32384).start(); new EaterThread("EaterThread-2", table, 62643).start(); new EaterThread("EaterThread-3", table, 38327).start(); } }
Producer-Consumer模式的角色以下:blog
Data表明了實際生產或消費的數據。隊列
Producer會建立Data,而後傳遞給Channel參與者。ip
Consumer從Channel參與者獲取Data數據,進行處理。rem
Channel從Producer參與者處接受Data參與者,並保管起來,並應Consumer參與者的要求,將Data參與者傳送出去。爲確保安全性,Producer參與者與Consumer參與者要對訪問共享互斥。