使用amoeba配置mysql讀寫分離

時間 2020-07-23

原文原文鏈接

一，背景介紹：
前端

Amoeba(變形蟲)項目，專一分佈式數據庫 proxy 開發。座落與Client、DB Server(s)之間。對客戶端透明。具備負載均衡、高可用性、sql過濾、讀寫分離、可路由相關的query到目標數據庫、可併發請求多臺數據庫合併結果。要想搭建Amoeba讀寫分離，首先須要知道MySQL的主從配置。具體的架構圖以下圖：java

二，配置所需的環境：mysql

Amoeba for mysql:192.168.1.28linux

Master : 192.168.1.247spring

Slave : 192.168.1.245sql

database:yazi passwd:root/123456shell

JDK1.8.0_51數據庫

三，具體的搭建和配置步驟以下：express

1，配置mysql主從複製，具體參照上篇的mysql主從複製的配置apache

2，安裝配置jdk1.8.0_51以及環境變量

（1），安裝jdk命令: rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm

[root@localhost install]# ll
total 481168
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   8850470 Nov  2 22:43 apache-tomcat-7.0.63.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 137808216 Jan 13 15:09 jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  33203321 Nov 20 11:31 mysql-5.6.25.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 312845162 Nov 13 15:19 mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost install]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:jdk1.8.0_51            ########################################### [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
        rt.jar...
        jsse.jar...
        charsets.jar...
        tools.jar...
        localedata.jar...
        jfxrt.jar...
        plugin.jar...
        javaws.jar...
        deploy.jar...

（2)配置環境變量：

[root@localhost install]# vi /etc/profile

# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`id -u`
        UID=`id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /sbin
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
    pathmunge /sbin after
fi
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
    fi
done
unset i
unset -f pathmunge

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_51
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_51/jre
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

（3)配置生效和驗證：

[root@FileServerA logs]# source /etc/profile
[root@FileServerA logs]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.51-b03, mixed mode)

3，安裝配置amoeba

（1）下載amoeba

(http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/amoeba/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip)

(2)壓縮包無需安裝，直接解壓便可

[root@localhost install]# unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip 
Archive:  amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/amoeba-core-3.0.5-RC.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/log4j-1.2.12.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-collections-3.2.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/ognl-3.0.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-pool-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-pool-1.6.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-bean-1.3.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-util-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/dom4j-1.6.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/oro-2.0.8.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-net-io-2.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-runtime-1.3.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-core-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-asm-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-context-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-aop-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-beans-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-expression-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/plexus-classworlds-2.4.2-HEXNOVA.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-net-benchmark-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC.jar  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/mkdirhier  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/shutdown  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark.bat  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher.bat  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark.classpath  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher.classpath  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/amoeba.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/amoeba.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/dbserver.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/dbServers.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/function.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/functionMap.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/rule.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/rule.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/context.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/objectMap.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/query.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/jvm.properties  
  
[root@localhost install]# mv amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /usr/local/

（3）amoeba的配置文件詳解：

amoeba.xml：定義前端的控制文件，包括前端的端口，用戶名和密碼

dbServers.xml：定義後端節點的配置文件。設置數據庫，登陸mysql的帳號和密碼

a,配置amoeba.xml文件

[root@FileServerA conf]# vim amoeba.xml


                <!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
                <service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
                        <!-- port -->
                        <property name="port">8066</property>             //***端口號***//

                        <!-- bind ipAddress -->
                        <!-- 
                        <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
                         -->

                        <property name="connectionFactory">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
                                        <property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
                                        <property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
                                </bean>
                        </property>

                        <property name="authenticateProvider">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">

                                        <property name="user">root</property>

                                        <property name="password">123456</property>
"amoeba.xml" 91L, 3099C                                                                                      30,6-41        8%
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>

<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">

        <proxy>

                <!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
                <service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
                        <!-- port -->
                        <property name="port">8066</property>  //設置其餘的端口

                        <!-- bind ipAddress -->
                        <!-- 
                        <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
                         -->

                        <property name="connectionFactory">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
                                        <property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
                                        <property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
                                </bean>
                        </property>

                        <property name="authenticateProvider">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">

                                        <property name="user">lqb</property>            //***遠程訪問代理的用戶名和密碼***//

                                        <property name="password">123456</property>          //***用戶名和密碼***//

                                        <property name="filter">
                                                <bean class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController">
                                                        <property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
                                                </bean>
                                        </property>
                                </bean>
                        </property>

                </service>

                <runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">

                        <!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
                        <property name="executeThreadSize">128</property>

                        <!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  -->
                        <property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>

                        <!-- default charset -->
                        <property name="serverCharset">utf8</property>

                        <!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
                        <property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
                </runtime>

        </proxy>

        <!-- 
                Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
                manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
        -->
        <connectionManagerList>
                <connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
                        <property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
                </connectionManager>
        </connectionManagerList>

                <!-- default using file loader -->
        <dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
                <property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
        </dbServerLoader>

        <queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
                <property name="ruleLoader">
                        <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
                                <property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
                                <property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
                        </bean>
                </property>
                <property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
                <property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
                <property name="defaultPool">master</property>


                <property name="writePool">master</property>         //***寫的資源池***//
                <property name="readPool">viplqb</property>          //***寫的資源池***//

                <property name="needParse">true</property>
        </queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>

b,配置dbServers.xml文件

[root@FileServerA conf]# vim  dbServers.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
                <!-- 
                        Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
                        If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:
                         add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig
                         such as 'multiPool' dbServer   
                -->
        <dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">
                <factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
                        <property name="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>
                        <property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
                        <property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
                        <!-- mysql port -->
                        <property name="port">3306</property>     //***設置mysql訪問端口號***//          
                        <!-- mysql schema -->
                        <property name="schema">yazi</property>  //***設置mysql訪問默認庫***//
                        <!-- mysql user -->
                        <property name="user">root</property>    //***登陸mysql帳號和密碼***//
                        <property name="password">123456</property>
                </factoryConfig>
                <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
                        <property name="maxActive">500</property>
                        <property name="maxIdle">500</property>
                        <property name="minIdle">1</property>
                        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
                        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
                        <property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
                        <property name="testOnReturn">true</property>
                        <property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>
                </poolConfig>
        </dbServer>
        <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">          //***設置master和ip地址***//
                <factoryConfig>
                        <!-- mysql ip -->
                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.247</property>
                </factoryConfig>
        </dbServer>
        <dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer">         //***設置slave1和ip地址***//
                <factoryConfig>                     //***若是有多個slave主機複製本配置到下邊繼續添加ip地址***//
                        <!-- mysql ip -->
                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.245</property>
                </factoryConfig>
        </dbServer>
        <dbServer name="viplqb" virtual="true">
                <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
                        <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
                        <property name="loadbalance">1</property>   //***採用輪詢方式***//
                        <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
                        <property name="poolNames">slave1</property>  //***全部從庫的主機都要寫上***//
                </poolConfig>
        </dbServer>
</amoeba:dbServers>

（4）啓動amoeba並查看是否有報錯。

[root@FileServerA conf]# /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher &
[1] 34774
[root@FileServerA conf]# log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 13:46:11,874 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2016-07-04 13:47:53 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=32445 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml
2016-07-04 13:47:53,604 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 13:47:53,789 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
 2016-07-04 14:22:55 [INFO] ignore signal:HUP
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2016-07-04 17:31:08 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=34779 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml
2016-07-04 17:31:08,868 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 17:31:09,128 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.

(5)用其餘的服務器來進行登陸：

[root@mysqlmaster ~]# mysql -ulqb -p -h192.168.1.28 -P8066    
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 965356058
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA MySQL Community Server (GPL)
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Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| yazi               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>

備註：當配置這個文件時amoeba.xml ，其餘的主機經過代理就能夠訪問，如上說明amoeba.xml配置的沒有問題。

（6）驗證讀寫分離，這個須要配置dbServers.xml這個文件了，接下來即爲驗證讀寫分離。

（a)在沒停掉同步以前在主庫247上建立一張表；

mysql> use yazi;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| sxit           |
| test           |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table lqb (id int(10) ,name varchar(10),address varchar(20));     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

(b)在從庫245上查看，並在slave上中止同步：

mysql> use yazi;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| lqb            |
| sxit           |
| test           |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave
    -> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（c)在主從上各插入一條不一樣的數據

在主庫上插入（1，'zhangsan','master');

在從庫上插入（2，’lisi','slave);

在主庫上執行如下操做：

mysql> insert into lqb values(1,'zhangsan','master');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    1 | zhangsan | master  |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在從庫上執行如下操做：

mysql> insert into lqb values(2,'zhangsan','slave'); 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

（d)登陸amoeba服務器查看讀操做：顯示的是245slave服務器

mysql> select * from lqb;

+------+----------+---------+

| id | name | address |

+------+----------+---------+

| 2 | zhangsan | slave |

+------+----------+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

（e）在amoeba服務器上測試如下寫操做，查看仍是245從庫上的數據。

mysql> insert into lqb values(3,'wanger','test_write');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在主庫247上查詢，能夠看到已插入進來了

mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+------------+
| id   | name     | address    |
+------+----------+------------+
|    1 | zhangsan | master     |
|    3 | wanger   | test_write |
+------+----------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在從庫上245查詢，仍是剛纔查詢

mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

至此，數據庫讀寫分離已經配置完成，在正式生產環境中，需將讀寫主機的定義更改，由於數據庫用的最多的仍是讀的操做。咱們能夠將讀或查詢交給歷來處理，一樣的，咱們也能夠添加多個從主機。讓其自動從不一樣的從主機上讀取數據庫。