linux MySql 在 Master 主從複製配置

時間 2019-11-20

標籤 linux mysql master 主從複製配置欄目 Linux 简体版

原文原文鏈接

在 Master 服務器上創建用於 Slave 服務器複製數據的賬戶mysql

[root@master ~]# mysqlsql

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200' identified by '1234@6@'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)數據庫

mysql> flush privileges;vim

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)安全

113bash

mysql> show grants for 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200'; #查看受權用戶服務器

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------socket

| Grants for allentuns@192.168.2.200 |ide

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------測試

| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*

7B8E3D52A612E2CB04E31B43FCDC20A07317E332' |

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在 Slave 服務器上使用受權用戶鏈接測試

[root@slave ~]# mysql -uallentuns -p1234@6@ -h 192.168.2.100

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.6.12-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql

修改 Master 服務器上的 Mysqld 主配置文件

[root@master ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf log-bin = master-bin #二進制日誌文件 binlog_format = mixed #二進制日誌文件索引 server-id = 1 #用於識別的 ID

port = 3306 #Mysql 的默認端口號 basedir = /usr/local/mysql/ #Mysql 源程序目錄 datadir = /mydata/data #數據存儲目錄路徑

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #套接字文件路徑

innodb_file_per_table = 1 #每表一個文件

114

[root@master ~]# service mysqld restart

修改 Slave 服務器上的 Mysqld 主配置文件

[root@slave ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

#log-bin = master-bin #註釋二進制日誌文件，若是當其它從服務器的主服務器，不然關閉

#binlog_format = mixed #註釋此行

skip_slave_start = 1 #啓動服務時不自動啓動從服務線程

read_only = 1 #設置 Slave 服務器爲只讀

server-id = 10 relay_log = relay_log relay_log_index = relay_log.index port = 3306

basedir = /usr/local/mysql/

datadir = /mydata/data

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock innodb_file_per_table = 1

[root@slave ~]# service mysqld restart

查看 Master 服務器的二進制日誌及二進制日誌事件位置用於 Slave

服務器複製

mysql> RESET MASTER; #清空二進制日誌 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| master-bin.000003 | 120 | | | |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

註釋：File：表示今後日誌開始複製 Position：表示從這個事件開始複製偏移位

115

在 Slave 服務器上同步 Master 服務器上面的數據

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO

-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.2.100',

-> MASTER_USER='allentuns',

-> MASTER_PASSWORD='1234@6@',

-> MASTER_PORT=3306,

-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000003',

-> MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.38 sec) mysql> help change master to #獲取幫助信息 Name: 'CHANGE MASTER TO'

Description: Syntax:

CHANGE MASTER TO option [, option] ... CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master2.mycompany.com', MASTER_USER='replication', MASTER_PASSWORD='bigs3cret', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001', MASTER_LOG_POS=4, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;

啓動 Slave 服務器的複製線程並查看狀態

mysql> start slave; #啓動 Slave 服務器線程 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;

116

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.2.100 #Master 服務器地址 Master_User: allentuns #鏈接 Master 服務器用戶名 Master_Port: 3306 #Master 服務器的監聽端口 Connect_Retry: 60 #重試時間間隔

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003 #I/O 線程讀取的二進制日誌文件 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120 #I/O 線程讀取的二進制日誌文件事件位置 Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000002 #SQL 線程正在讀取的中繼日誌文件 Relay_Log_Pos: 284 #SQL 線程讀取和執行的中繼日誌文件事件位置 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running: Yes #Slave 服務器的 IO 線程狀態 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #Slave 服務器的 SQL 線程狀態

Replicate_Do_DB: #下面 Replicate 開頭的表示用來指明哪些庫或者表在複製時不須要同步 Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0 #SQL 線程讀取日誌參數的錯誤數量 Last_Error: #SQL 線程讀取日誌參數的錯誤消息

Skip_Counter: 0 #最近被用於 SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER 的值 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120

Relay_Log_Space: 451

Until_Condition: None #全部原有中繼日誌的總大小 Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

117

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 #落後於 Master 服務器的時間 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_UUID: 84774a86-3ee8-11e4-a268-000c29ad35d7

Master_Info_File: /mydata/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to u pdate it

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0

ERROR:

No query specified

在 Slave 服務器查看啓動的線程

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e "show processlist;"

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------

在 Master 服務器建立數據庫並在 Slave 服務器上驗證是否存在

###在 Master 服務器建立數據庫並查看

[root@master ~]# mysql -e 'create database mydbtest;' [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;'

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mydbtest |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

###在 Slave 服務器查看是否有'mydbtest'數據庫

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;'

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mydbtest | #數據庫已經成功同步到 slave 服務器

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

在 Master 與 Slave 服務器查看二進制日誌事件位置已更新

###查看 Master 服務器

[root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show master status;'

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

###查看 Slave 服務器

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e 'show slave status\G;' |grep 'Read_Master_Log_Pos' Read_Master_Log_Pos: 226

5.主從監控

5.1Linux 系統 sendmail 發郵件到 139 外部郵箱

一、安裝 sendmail 和 mailx

# yum -y install sendmail mailx

二、修改配置文件

# cp /etc/mail.rc /etc/mail.rc.bak

# cat >> /etc/mail.rc << EOF

set from=13260071987@139.com smtp=smtp.139.com

set smtp-auth-user=13260071987@139.com smtp-auth-password=yi15093547036 smtp- auth=login

EOF

三、從新啓動服務

# service sendmail restart

四、發送測試郵件

echo "I Love You" |mail -s "郵件主題:MIS you" 13260071987@139.com

5.2 分別在從服務器(Slave)上建立登錄用戶，只限定本地運行，保證安全

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to "zhengyansheng"@"127.0.0.1" identified by "passwor

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to "zhengyansheng"@"localhost" identified by "passwor d123";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5.3Mysql 監控腳本

#!/bin/bash

#check MySQL_Slave Status

#crontab time 00:10

MYSQLPORT=`netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|awk -F[:" "]+ '{print $4}'` MYSQLIP=`ifconfig eth1|grep "inet addr" | awk -F[:" "]+ '{print $4}'` STATUS=$(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u zhengyansheng -ppassword123 -S /tmp/mysql. sock -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i "running")

IO_env=`echo $STATUS | grep IO | awk ' {print $2}'` SQL_env=`echo $STATUS | grep SQL | awk '{print $2}'` DATA=`date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`

if [ "$MYSQLPORT" == "3306" ]

then

echo "mysql is running" else

mail -s "warn!server: $MYSQLIP mysql is down" 13260071987@139.com fi

if [ "$IO_env" = "Yes" -a "$SQL_env" = "Yes" ]

then

echo "Slave is running!" else

echo "####### $DATA #########">> /mydata/check_mysql_log/check_mysql_slave.l

echo "Slave is not running!" >> /mydata/check_mysql_log/check_mysql_slave.log

echo "Slave is not running!" | mail -s "warn! $MYSQLIP MySQL Slave is not running" 1326

0071987@139.com fi

5.4 定時執行監控腳本

[root@slave ~]# crontab -l

*/1 * * * * root /bin/sh /mydata/check_mysql_health.sh

5.5 測試：中止 slave 進程，看是否能收到郵件

mysql> stop slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State:

Master_Host: 192.168.2.100

Master_User: allentuns

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 226

Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000005

Relay_Log_Pos: 284

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running: No #IO 線程已經中止 Slave_SQL_Running: No #SQL 線程已經中止 Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 226

Relay_Log_Space: 615

Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_Info_File: /mydata/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)