keepalive之LVS-DR架構

時間  2019-11-26
標籤 keepalive lvs 架構 欄目 負載均衡 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

author：JevonWei
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Keepalive實戰之LVS-DR

實驗目的：構建LVS-DR架構，爲了達到LVS的高可用目的，故在LVS-DR的Director端作Keepalive集羣，在Director-A上作keepalive-A，在Director上作keepalive-B，LVS-RS1和LVS-RS2爲後端的兩臺web服務器，經過在Director上作keepalive集羣實現高可用的目的nginx

網絡拓撲圖
imageweb

實驗環境(keepalive節點同時做爲LVS的directory節點)vim

keepalive-A(Director-A) 172.16.253.108
keepalive-B(Director-A) 172.16.253.105
LVS-RS1                 172.16.250.127
LVS-RS2                 172.16.253.193
VIP                     172.16.253.150
client                  172.16.253.177

LVS-RS web集羣

爲了更好的觀察實驗結果，故在此將RS1和RS2的web頁面內容設置不一致，以至能夠更清晰的區分RS1服務端和RS2服務端後端

LVS-RS1bash

[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd  \\多臺服務器時間同步
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# iptables -F
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# systemctl start nginx

修改內核參數並添加VIP地址
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# vim lvs_dr.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=172.16.253.150
mask=255.255.255.255
iface="lo:0"

case $1 in
start)
    ifconfig $iface $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
    route add -host $vip dev $iface
    echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    ;;
stop)
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    ifconfig $iface down
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# bash lvs_dr.sh start
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# ifconfig 
lo:0: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
    inet 172.16.253.150  netmask 255.255.255.255
    loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)

LVS-RS2服務器

[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd  \\多臺服務器時間同步
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# iptables -F
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# systemctl start nginx

修改內核參數並添加VIP地址
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# vim lvs_dr.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=172.16.253.150
mask=255.255.255.255
iface="lo:0"

case $1 in
start)
    ifconfig $iface $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
    route add -host $vip dev $iface
    echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    ;;
stop)
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    ifconfig $iface down
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# bash lvs_dr.sh start
[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# ifconfig 
lo:0: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
    inet 172.16.253.150  netmask 255.255.255.255
    loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)

Keepalive集羣

Director節點搭建

keepalive-A網絡

[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl restart chronyd  \\多臺服務器時間同步
[root@keepaliveA ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm

keepalive-B架構

[root@keepaliveB ~]# systemctl restart chronyd  \\多臺服務器時間同步
[root@keepaliveB ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm

keepalive上配置web的sorry server

keepalive-Acurl

[root@keepaliveA ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@keepaliveA ~]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1>
[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl start nginx

keepalive-B

[root@keepalive-B ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@keepalive-B ~]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>
[root@keepaliveB ~]# systemctl start nginx

keepalive-A配置keepalive

keepalive-A

[root@keepalive-A ~]# iptables -F
[root@keepalive-A ~]# yum -y install keepalived
[root@keepaliveA ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {  
    notification_email {  \\定義郵件通知設置
        jevon@danran.com  \\定義郵件接收地址
    }
    notification_email_from ka_admin@danran.com \\郵件發送者
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1 \\郵件server服務器
    smtp_connect_timeout 30  \\鏈接超時
    router_id keepaliveA \\route的ID信息，自定義
    vrrp_mcast_group4 224.103.5.5 \\多播地址段，默認爲224.0.0.18 
}
vrrp_instance VI_A {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass qr8hQHuL
    }
virtual_ipaddress {
    172.16.253.150/32 dev ens33
}

virtual_server 172.16.253.150 80 {
    delay_loop 6  \\服務輪詢的時間間隔
    lb_algo rr  \\定義調度方法；
    lb_kind DR  \\集羣的類型；
    protocol TCP \\服務協議，僅支持TCP；
    sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80 \\指定sorry server，且爲本機的wen服務提供的web頁面
    
    real_server 172.16.250.127 80 {
        weight 1  \\權重
        SSL_GET {  \\應用層檢測
            url {
                path /  \\定義要監控的URL
                #digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc \\判斷上述檢測機制爲健康狀態的響應的內容的校驗碼；
                status_code 200  \\判斷上述檢測機制爲健康狀態的響應碼
            }
            connect_timeout 3 \\鏈接請求的超時時長；
            nb_get_retry 3  \\重試次數
            delay_before_retry 1  \\重試以前的延遲時長
        }
    }
    real_server  172.16.253.193 80 {
        weight 1
        SSL_GET {
            url {
                path /
                #digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc 
                status_code 200
            }
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 1
        }
    }
}
[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl start keepalived 
[root@keepaliveA ~]# ip a l
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:75:dc:3c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
     inet 172.16.253.150/32 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@keepaliveA ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
    -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  172.16.253.150:80 rr
    -> 172.16.250.127:80            Route   1      0          0         
-> 172.16.253.193:80            Route   1      0          0

keepalive-B配置keepalive

keepalive-B

[root@keepalive-B ~]# iptables -F
[root@keepalive-B ~]# yum -y install keepalived
[root@keepaliveA ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {  
    notification_email {  \\定義郵件通知設置
        jevon@danran.com  \\定義郵件接收地址
    }
    notification_email_from ka_admin@danran.com \\郵件發送者
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1 \\郵件server服務器
    smtp_connect_timeout 30  \\鏈接超時
    router_id keepaliveA \\route的ID信息，自定義
    vrrp_mcast_group4 224.103.5.5 \\多播地址段，默認爲224.0.0.18 
}
vrrp_instance VI_A {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 95
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass qr8hQHuL
    }
virtual_ipaddress {
    172.16.253.150/32 dev ens33
}

virtual_server 172.16.253.150 80 {
    delay_loop 6  \\服務輪詢的時間間隔
    lb_algo rr  \\定義調度方法；
    lb_kind DR  \\集羣的類型；
    protocol TCP \\服務協議，僅支持TCP；
    sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80 \\指定sorry server，且爲本機的wen服務提供的web頁面

    real_server 172.16.250.127 80 {
        weight 1  \\權重
        SSL_GET {  \\應用層檢測
            url {
                path /  \\定義要監控的URL
                #digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc \\判斷上述檢測機制爲健康狀態的響應的內容的校驗碼；
                status_code 200  \\判斷上述檢測機制爲健康狀態的響應碼
            }
            connect_timeout 3 \\鏈接請求的超時時長；
            nb_get_retry 3  \\重試次數
            delay_before_retry 1  \\重試以前的延遲時長
        }
    }
    real_server  172.16.253.193 80 {
        weight 1
        SSL_GET {
            url {
                path /
                #digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc 
                status_code 200
            }
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 1
        }
    }
}
[root@keepaliveB ~]# systemctl start keepalived 
[root@keepalive-B ~]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
    -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  172.16.253.150:http rr
    -> 172.16.250.127:http          Route   1      0          0         
    -> 172.16.253.193:http          Route   1      0          0

訪問測試

client測試

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>

當keepalive-A故障時

[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl stop keepalived

keepalive-B自動成爲MASTER主節點，則LVS的director調度服務器切換爲keepalive-B上，LVS-RS1和LVS-RS2的web服務正常使用

client訪問測試

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>

當keepalive-A修恢復正常時，keepalive-A再次成爲MASTER主節點

[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@keepaliveA ~]# ip a l
: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:75:dc:3c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.253.150/32 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

當LVS-RS1的web服務故障時

[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j REJECT

client訪問

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>

當LVS-RS1和LVS-RS2的web服務所有故障時

[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j REJECT
[root@LVS-RS2 ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j REJECT

client訪問到的時sorry server服務器，且sorry server服務器爲keepalive-A

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1> 
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1> 
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1> 
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1> 
</h1> sorry from Director-A(keepalive-A) </h1>

當keepalive-A故障時

[root@keepaliveA ~]# systemctl stop keepalived.service

client訪問sorry server服務頁面，且sorry server服務器爲keepalive-B

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>
</h1> sorry from Director-B(keepalive-B) </h1>

LVS-RS1的web服務恢復正常後

[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# iptables -F

client訪問測試

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>

LVS-RS1和LVS-RS2的web服務所有恢復正常後

[root@LVS-RS1 ~]# iptables -F  [root@LVS-RS2 ~]# iptables -F

client訪問測試

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.150;done
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>
<h1> Web RS1 </h1>
<h1> Web RS2 </h1>

保存及重載規則

保存：建議保存至/etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm

ipvsadm-save > /PATH/TO/IPVSADM_FILE
ipvsadm -S > /PATH/TO/IPVSADM_FILE
systemctl stop ipvsadm.service

重載：

ipvsadm-restore < /PATH/FROM/IPVSADM_FILE
ipvsadm -R < /PATH/FROM/IPVSADM_FILE
systemctl restart ipvsadm.service

keepalive節點經過DNS域名解析指向實現

獲取web主頁面內容的校驗碼

[root@keepaliveA ~]# genhash -s 172.16.250.127 -p 80 -u /
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