CentOS 7 安裝Redis4.0

redis是一種內存型的NoSQL數據庫，優勢是快，經常使用來作緩存用 
redis存儲數據的方法是以key-value的形式 
value類型支持字符串，列表，哈希等多種類型

環境 : CnetOS7   192.168.94.11

關閉SElinux和防火牆

安裝Redis

[root@redis01 ~]# yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake
[root@redis01 ~]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz
[root@redis01 ~]# tar xf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@redis01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/
[root@redis01 redis-4.0.1]# make & make test
[root@redis01 redis-4.0.1]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
[root@redis01 redis]# cd /usr/local/redis/
[root@redis01 redis]# ls
bin
[root@redis01 redis]# mkdir /usr/local/redis/conf
[root@redis01 redis]# cp /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/
[root@redis01 redis]# cp /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/sentinel.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/
[root@redis01 redis]# ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-server --version
Redis server v=4.0.1 sha=00000000:0 malloc=jemalloc-4.0.3 bits=64 build=d789e4152c8567db

簡化redis配置文件,建立redis數據目錄

[root@redis01 redis]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' conf/redis.conf.bak > conf/redis.conf
[root@redis01 redis]# mkdir /data/redis -p

修改redis配置文件

修改如下參數
[root@redis01 redis]# vim conf/redis.conf

bind 0.0.0.0            #監聽地址
port 6379               #監聽端口
tcp-backlog 1024        #tcp鏈接數
daemonize yes           #是否後臺啓動
pidfile /data/redis/redis.pid   #pid存放目錄
logfile "/data/redis/redis.log" #日誌存放目錄
dir /data/redis/                #工做目錄

redis服務啓動和關閉

啓動redis服務
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf
[root@redis01 redis]# netstat -antup|grep redis
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      54109/redis-server
鏈接redis服務
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1:6379> quit
關閉redis服務
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 shutdown
[root@redis01 redis]# netstat -antup|grep redis

redis系統參數優化

啓動redis以後產看redis日誌
[root@redis01 redis]# cat /data/redis/redis.log 
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=54108, just started
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # Configuration loaded
54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.097 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).　　# 系統文件描述符設置爲1024,過小,最好設置爲10032
                _._                                                  
           _.-``__ ''-._                                             
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 54109
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
          `-._        _.-'                                           
              `-.__.-'                                               

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.099 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 1024 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.　　
# TCP的值爲128過小了

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # Server initialized
54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
# overcommit_memory=0爲不容許超額搶佔內存，可是，rdb保存可能會失敗。建議將vm.overcommit_memory = 1進行修改

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
# 你的內核中啓用了巨大內存頁的支持，這將與redis的延遲內存使用衝突

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 * Ready to accept connections

下面來逐個調整

調整系統文件描述符
[root@redis01 redis]# echo "* - nofile 10240" >> /etc/security/limits.conf 
[root@redis01 redis]# ulimit -n
1024
[root@redis01 redis]# su -l    # 從新登陸 , 使配置生效
上一次登陸：一 10月  8 15:15:35 CST 2018從 192.168.94.1pts/1 上
[root@redis01 ~]# ulimit -n
10240
調整TCP鏈接數
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -a | grep soma
net.core.somaxconn = 128
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.all.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.ens33.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
[root@redis01 ~]# echo "net.core.somaxconn = 10240" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -p
net.core.somaxconn = 10240
調整系統內存分配策略
[root@redis01 ~]# echo "vm.overcommit_memory = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -p
net.core.somaxconn = 10240
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -a | grep commit
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.all.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.ens33.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
vm.nr_overcommit_hugepages = 0
vm.overcommit_kbytes = 0
vm.overcommit_memory = 1    # 修改爲功
vm.overcommit_ratio = 50
關閉系統內核的巨大內存頁支持
[root@redis01 ~]# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
always madvise [never]
[root@redis01 ~]# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag 
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
always madvise [never]
# 添加到rc.local
[root@redis01 ~]# echo -e 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled\necho never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag'>> /etc/rc.local
[root@redis01 ~]# tail -2 /etc/rc.local
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

重啓redis-server

[root@redis01 ~]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 shutdown    # 關閉redis服務
[root@redis01 ~]# > /data/redis/redis.log     # 清空日誌
[root@redis01 ~]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf　　# 啓動redis服務
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /data/redis/redis.log 　　# 查看日誌
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=54720, just started
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # Configuration loaded
                _._                                                  
           _.-``__ ''-._                                             
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 54721
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
          `-._        _.-'                                           
              `-.__.-'                                               

54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.478 # Server initialized
54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.479 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.479 * Ready to accept connections