OSPF協議項目實戰講解（可跟作）-第一篇

時間 2019-12-01

標籤 ospf 協議項目實戰講解一篇简体版

原文原文鏈接

OSPF協議項目實戰講解-第一篇

一、要求按照下列標準配置一個OSPF網絡
二、配置一個IP網絡，實驗邏輯圖如圖，IP地址見拓撲圖
三、路由協議採用OSPF，進程ID爲1 ，RID爲loopback0地址
四、R1/R2/R3相連的三個站點鏈路OSPF網絡類型配置成廣播型，其中R1路由器作爲永久性DR
五、按照圖示配置OSPF區域，其中R2/R3/R4之間的區域要配置成徹底末梢區域
六、R6爲新併入的站點，因爲來不及佈線施工而暫時併到R5這個站點上，所在區域爲AREA 56，配置使得全部網絡可達(採用ping測試)
七、OSPF內部的網絡但願經過R1路由器訪問Internet，配置R1使其可以知足需求，只考慮內部路由器上路由的實現，不考慮NAT（下發默認路由）
八、AREA 0基於安全的緣由配置上MD5認證，Key-ID爲1，密碼：Huawei
九、於R3與R4之間的鏈路質量較好，適當配置使得R4優先選取R3訪問自身區域除外的外部網絡
十、爲了減小網絡流量，R1只能學習到R6環回口的路由條目彙總條目（172.16.0.0/16）安全

一、要求按照下列標準配置一個OSPF網絡

搭建拓撲圖以下網絡

二、配置一個IP網絡，實驗邏輯圖如圖，IP地址見拓撲圖

R1的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.123.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 
#

R2的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.123.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.24.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 
#

R3的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.123.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.34.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.35.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 
#

R4的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.24.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.34.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 
#

R5的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.35.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.56.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 
#

R6的IP地址配置

#
 sysname R6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.56.6 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack3
 ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack4
 ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.0 
#

作完基本的IP地址配置後，你們能夠自行ping通各自的直連網段ide

三、路由協議採用OSPF，進程ID爲1 ，RID爲loopback0地址

R1的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255 
#

R2的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255 
area 0.0.0.234 
  network 192.168.24.0 0.0.0.255 
#

R3的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255 
area 0.0.0.234 
  network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.255 
area 0.0.0.35 
  network 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255
#

R4的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4 
 area 0.0.0.234 
  network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.24.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.255 
#

R5的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 
area 0.0.0.35 
  network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255 
area 0.0.0.56 
  network 192.168.56.0 0.0.0.255 
#

R6的OSPF配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 
 area 0.0.0.56 
  network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 
  network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 192.168.56.0 0.0.0.255 
#

檢查

在R1上面檢查以下

<R1>display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             2.2.2.2          Full        
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             3.3.3.3          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

在R2上面檢查以下

<R2>display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             1.1.1.1          Full        
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             3.3.3.3          2-Way       
 0.0.0.234        GigabitEthernet0/0/1             4.4.4.4          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

由於R1爲永久性DR，因此R2和R3是DROtheroop

在R3上面檢查以下

[R3]display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             1.1.1.1          Full        
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             2.2.2.2          2-Way       
 0.0.0.35         GigabitEthernet0/0/2             5.5.5.5          Full        
 0.0.0.234        GigabitEthernet0/0/1             4.4.4.4          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

在R4上面檢查以下

<R4>display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.234        GigabitEthernet0/0/0             2.2.2.2          Full        
 0.0.0.234        GigabitEthernet0/0/1             3.3.3.3          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

在R5上面檢查以下

<R5>display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.35         GigabitEthernet0/0/0             3.3.3.3          Full        
 0.0.0.56         GigabitEthernet0/0/1             6.6.6.6          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

在R6上面檢查以下

<R6>display ospf peer brief 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 6.6.6.6
          Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.56         GigabitEthernet0/0/0             5.5.5.5          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

此時發現R1 R2 R3 R4 R5之間都可以學習到各自的OSPF路由條目，R6因爲沒有按照正確的OSPF拓撲區域結構進行劃分，致使R6不可以學習到任何其餘設備的路由條目學習

四、R1/R2/R3相連的三個站點鏈路OSPF網絡類型配置成廣播型，其中R1路由器作爲永久性DR

思路就是把R2和R3的接口優先級設置爲0 OSPF的接口優先級的取值範圍是0~255 當優先級爲0的時候表明本接口OSPF路由器不參與DR的選舉，優先級爲255就只表明優先級爲255 這個和VRRP那個優先級要區分開來測試

#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ospf dr-priority 0
#

在R1上面查看DR

<R1>display ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
         Interfaces 

 Interface: 192.168.123.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0)
 Cost: 1       State: DR        Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500  
 Priority: 1
 Designated Router: 192.168.123.1
 Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0
 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

五、按照圖示配置OSPF區域，其中R2/R3/R4之間的區域要配置成徹底末梢區域

R2的配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 
area 0.0.0.234 
  stub no-summary
#

R3的配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.234 
  stub no-summary
#

R4的配置

#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.234 
  stub no-summary
#

檢查：

[R4]display ospf lsdb 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
         Link State Database 

                 Area: 0.0.0.234
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4             43  60    8000000B       1
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2           1553  36    80000003       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3           1553  36    80000003       1
 Network   192.168.24.4    4.4.4.4           1552  32    80000001       0
 Network   192.168.34.4    4.4.4.4           1552  32    80000001       0
 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         3.3.3.3           1561  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         2.2.2.2           1562  28    80000001       1

[R4]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 13       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.34.3    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.24.2    GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        4.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
   192.168.24.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.24.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.24.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
 192.168.24.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.34.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.34.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
   192.168.34.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
 192.168.34.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R4]

六、R6爲新併入的站點，因爲來不及佈線施工而暫時併到R5這個站點上，所在區域爲AREA 56，配置使得全部網絡可達(採用ping測試)

R3的配置以下

#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 
area 0.0.0.35 
  network 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255 
  vlink-peer 5.5.5.5
#

R5的配置以下

#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.35 
  network 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255 
  vlink-peer 3.3.3.3
#

檢查

<R3>display ospf vlink 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
         Virtual Links 

 Virtual-link Neighbor-id  -> 5.5.5.5, Neighbor-State: Full

 Interface: 192.168.35.3 (GigabitEthernet0/0/2)
 Cost: 1  State: P-2-P  Type: Virtual 
 Transit Area: 0.0.0.35 
 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 
 GR State: Normal 

<R5>display ospf vlink 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
         Virtual Links 

 Virtual-link Neighbor-id  -> 3.3.3.3, Neighbor-State: Full

 Interface: 192.168.35.5 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0)
 Cost: 1  State: P-2-P  Type: Virtual 
 Transit Area: 0.0.0.35 
 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 
 GR State: Normal

檢查一下路由狀況

在R1這邊查看172網段的路由狀況this

<R1>display ospf lsdb 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
         Link State Database 

                 Area: 0.0.0.0
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2            234  48    80000009       1
 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1            232  48    80000007       1
 Router    5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            223  36    80000003       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            236  60    80000010       1
 Network   192.168.123.1   1.1.1.1            232  36    80000003       0
 Sum-Net   192.168.56.0    5.5.5.5            233  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   5.5.5.5         3.3.3.3            233  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            233  28    80000002       0
 Sum-Net   192.168.35.0    3.3.3.3            279  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.35.0    5.5.5.5            233  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.3.1      5.5.5.5             17  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.34.0    3.3.3.3            272  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.34.0    2.2.2.2            220  28    80000002       2
 Sum-Net   172.16.2.1      5.5.5.5             17  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.24.0    2.2.2.2            272  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.24.0    3.3.3.3            515  28    80000002       2
 Sum-Net   172.16.1.1      5.5.5.5             17  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   4.4.4.4         3.3.3.3            225  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   4.4.4.4         2.2.2.2            220  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.4.1      5.5.5.5             17  28    80000001       1

在R3這邊查看OSPF的LSDB

[R3]display ospf lsdb 

     OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
         Link State Database 

                 Area: 0.0.0.0
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2            251  48    80000009       1
 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1            249  48    80000007       1
 Router    5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            238  36    80000003       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            251  60    80000010       1
 Network   192.168.123.1   1.1.1.1            249  36    80000003       0
 Sum-Net   192.168.56.0    5.5.5.5            248  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   5.5.5.5         3.3.3.3            247  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            248  28    80000002       0
 Sum-Net   192.168.35.0    3.3.3.3            293  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.35.0    5.5.5.5            248  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.3.1      5.5.5.5             32  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.34.0    3.3.3.3            286  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.34.0    2.2.2.2            237  28    80000002       2
 Sum-Net   172.16.2.1      5.5.5.5             32  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.24.0    2.2.2.2            289  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.24.0    3.3.3.3            530  28    80000002       2
 Sum-Net   172.16.1.1      5.5.5.5             32  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   4.4.4.4         3.3.3.3            239  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   4.4.4.4         2.2.2.2            237  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.4.1      5.5.5.5             32  28    80000001       1

                 Area: 0.0.0.35
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            238  48    8000000B       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            251  36    80000007       1
 Network   192.168.35.5    5.5.5.5            248  32    80000002       0
 Sum-Net   192.168.56.0    5.5.5.5            248  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.123.0   3.3.3.3            293  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            295  28    80000002       0
 Sum-Net   172.16.3.1      5.5.5.5             34  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.34.0    3.3.3.3            288  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.2.1      5.5.5.5             34  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   192.168.24.0    3.3.3.3            532  28    80000005       2
 Sum-Net   172.16.1.1      5.5.5.5             34  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   4.4.4.4         3.3.3.3            241  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   2.2.2.2         3.3.3.3            249  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   172.16.4.1      5.5.5.5             34  28    80000001       1
 Sum-Net   1.1.1.1         3.3.3.3            249  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Asbr  1.1.1.1         3.3.3.3            249  28    80000002       1

                 Area: 0.0.0.234
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4            533  60    8000000B       1
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2            244  36    80000004       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            241  36    80000004       1
 Network   192.168.24.4    4.4.4.4            243  32    80000002       0
 Network   192.168.34.4    4.4.4.4            244  32    80000002       0
 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         3.3.3.3            249  28    80000002       1
 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         2.2.2.2            253  28    80000002       1

七、OSPF內部的網絡但願經過R1路由器訪問Internet，配置R1使其可以知足需求，只考慮內部路由器上路由的實現，不考慮NAT（下發默認路由）

在R1上面配置靜態路由而後下發其靜態路由

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.60.1

#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 
 default-route-advertise
 area 0.0.0.0 
#

檢查

在R2 R3 R5 R6上面查看路由表code

<R2>display ip routing-table protocol ospf 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 12       

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 12

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE   150  1           D   192.168.123.1   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        1.1.1.1/32  OSPF    10   1           D   192.168.123.1   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        3.3.3.3/32  OSPF    10   1           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        4.4.4.4/32  OSPF    10   1           D   192.168.24.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        5.5.5.5/32  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     172.16.1.1/32  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     172.16.2.1/32  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     172.16.3.1/32  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     172.16.4.1/32  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.34.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.24.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
   192.168.35.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.56.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

八、AREA 0基於安全的緣由配置上MD5認證，Key-ID爲1，密碼：Huawei

在R1的區域0中配置區域0的認證

#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 
area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 plain Huawei
#

在R2的區域0中配置區域0的認證

#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 plain Huawei
#

在R3的區域0中配置區域0的認證

#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 plain Huawei
#

在R5的區域0中配置區域0的認證

#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 plain Huawei
#

或者第二種方法：orm

#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 
 area 0.0.0.0 
 area 0.0.0.35 
  network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255 
  vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 md5 1 plain Huawei    直接在後面接上認證的參數也是能夠的
 area 0.0.0.56 
  network 192.168.56.0 0.0.0.255 
#

檢查看下 R5和R3之間的FULL關係是否正常router

九、於R3與R4之間的鏈路質量較好，適當配置使得R4優先選取R3訪問自身區域除外的外部網絡

在R4的G0/0/0接口修改OSPF的開銷值

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.24.4 255.255.255.0 
 ospf cost 2
#

檢查

[R4]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 12       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.34.3    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        4.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
   192.168.24.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.24.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.24.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
 192.168.24.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.34.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.34.4    GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
   192.168.34.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
 192.168.34.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

十、爲了減小網絡流量，R1只能學習到R6環回口的路由條目彙總條目（172.16.0.0/16）

在R5的區域56當中進行路由彙總

#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 
area 0.0.0.56 
  abr-summary 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
#
return

檢查以下

[R1]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
         Destinations : 9        Routes : 10       

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 9        Routes : 10

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        2.2.2.2/32  OSPF    10   1           D   192.168.123.2   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        3.3.3.3/32  OSPF    10   1           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        4.4.4.4/32  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.2   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        5.5.5.5/32  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     172.16.0.0/16  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.24.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.2   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.34.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.35.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
   192.168.56.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.123.3   GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0