mysql8.0帶來的新特性，結合MySQLshell，不須要第三方中間件，自動構建高可用集羣。python
mysql8.0做爲一款新產品，其內置的mysq-innodb-cluster（MIC）高可用集羣的技術確實驚豔，結合MySQLshell可以實施集羣的快速部署，MySQL-route可以實現災備快速切換，內置讀寫分離技術，負載均衡技術。結合但實際效果如何，還需驗證。mysql
一，集羣部署linux
1.1 安裝環境；sql
操做系統：Linux，版本：CentOS-7-x86shell
介質準備：無數據庫
環境清理bootstrap
釋放yum進程session
[root@bug ~]# ps -ef|grep yum root 22481 1694 5 17:23 ? 00:00:03 /usr/bin/python /usr/share/PackageKit/helpers/yum/yumBackend.py get-updates none root 22591 22507 1 17:24 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto yum [root@bug ~]# kill -9 22481
查看是否有多餘系統，有則卸載app
[root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mairadb [root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
關閉防火牆負載均衡
[root@bug ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead)
關閉selinux，重啓系統後生效
[root@bug selinux]# vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
[root@bug selinux]# reboot
1.2 安裝MySQL8.0
[root@bug ~]# yum install -y wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm [root@bug ~]# yum list|grep mysql [root@bug ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-client.x86_64 mysql-router.x86_64 mysql-shell.x86_64
採用YUM源安裝方式，總下載量約400M，
1.3自動集羣部署
部署節點1
[root@bug ~]# mysqlsh MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3310); A new MySQL sandbox instance will be created on this host in /root/mysql-sandboxes/3310 Warning: Sandbox instances are only suitable for deploying and running on your local machine for testing purposes and are not accessible from external networks. Please enter a MySQL root password for the new instance: ****** Deploying new MySQL instance... Instance localhost:3310 successfully deployed and started. Use shell.connect('root@localhost:3310'); to connect to the instance.
第一個節點部署完畢，端口設置爲3310，登錄帳號爲root@localhost，密碼 ******
使用本地認證的方式， 登錄數據庫實例，進行驗證。
[root@bug ~]# mysql -uroot -porange -S /root/mysql-sandboxes/3310/sandboxdata/mysqld.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
一樣的方法，部署節點2，節點3。
MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3320); MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3330);
1.4建立集羣
此實驗採用簡單的建立本地集羣。
MySQL JS > \connect root@localhost:3310 Creating a session to 'root@localhost:3310' *****************************************************
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > var cluster=dba.createCluster('test') A new InnoDB cluster will be created on instance 'root@localhost:3310'. ********************************************************* Cluster successfully created. Use Cluster.addInstance() to add MySQL instances. At least 3 instances are needed for the cluster to be able to withstand up to one server failure.
集羣系統已經建立成功，最後一行：At least 3 instances are needed for the cluster to be able to withstand up to one server failure.提示須要至少三個實例，才能保證災備，因此接下來，將節點2，3添加進集羣。
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > cluster.addInstance( 'root@localhost:3320') The instance 'root@localhost:3320' was successfully added to the cluster. MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > cluster.addInstance( 'root@localhost:3330') The instance 'root@localhost:3330' was successfully added to the cluster.
查看集羣狀態
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > dba.getCluster().status()
{
"clusterName": "test",
"defaultReplicaSet": {
"name": "default",
"primary": "localhost:3310",
"ssl": "REQUIRED",
"status": "OK",
"statusText": "Cluster is ONLINE and can tolerate up to ONE failure.",
"topology": {
"localhost:3310": {
"address": "localhost:3310",
"mode": "R/W",
"readReplicas": {},
"role": "HA",
"status": "ONLINE"
},
"localhost:3320": {
"address": "localhost:3320",
"mode": "R/O",
"readReplicas": {},
"role": "HA",
"status": "ONLINE"
},
"localhost:3330": {
"address": "localhost:3330",
"mode": "R/O",
"readReplicas": {},
"role": "HA",
"status": "ONLINE"
}
}
},
"groupInformationSourceMember": "mysql://root@localhost:3310"
}
一個簡單的包含三個節點的集羣已經建立完成。能夠完成數據同步，讀寫分離等功能，好比此刻3310端口的狀態是"R/W"，同時read與write，3320與3330的狀態是"R/O"，只讀模式。
1.5配置中間件
此時的集羣的高可用性還不完整，須要MySQL-router來完成集羣與外部的對接，實現自動切換，故障轉移等功能。
MySQL-router的做用相似keepalived 類的中間件。當主機發生故障後，自動將應用切換到其餘實例。
[root@bug ~]# mysqlrouter --bootstrap root@localhost:3310 --user=mysqlrouter Please enter MySQL password for root: ***** Bootstrapping system MySQL Router instance... Checking for old Router accounts Creating account mysql_router2_j05xzi45m81x@'%' MySQL Router has now been configured for the InnoDB cluster 'test'. The following connection information can be used to connect to the cluster. Classic MySQL protocol connections to cluster 'test': - Read/Write Connections: localhost:6446 - Read/Only Connections: localhost:6447 X protocol connections to cluster 'test': - Read/Write Connections: localhost:64460 - Read/Only Connections: localhost:64470 Existing configurations backed up to '/etc/mysqlrouter/mysqlrouter.conf.bak' [root@bug ~]# mysqlrouter& [1] 25602 [root@bug ~]# ps -ef|grep router mysqlro+ 25602 22507 8 19:35 pts/0 00:00:01 mysqlrouter root 25619 22507 0 19:36 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto router
驗證MySQL-router安裝效果
在MySQL-router默認配置下，
主機端口：6446
從庫端口：6447
[root@bug ~]# mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6446 -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ********************************************************8 mysql>
證實MySQL-router配置完成可用。
1.6驗證集羣效果
1,經過router同時登錄三個節點，查看端口號。
2,在節點1構造數據，在節點2，3差看狀態，驗證數據同步性。
3,節點1（主機）離線，查看集羣狀態與節點2，節點3狀態，驗證災備能力。