nginx 負載均衡

時間 2020-05-16

標籤 nginx 負載均衡欄目 Nginx 简体版

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Nginx 負載均衡實踐
css

1、安裝源碼包
html

下載安裝 pcre-8.32.tar.gznode

1. wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.32.tar.gzlinux

2. tar zxvf pcre-8.32.tar.gznginx

3. cd pcre-8.32c++

4. ./configure (注：configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support. yum install -y gcc gcc-c++)web

5. make && make install 後端

下載安裝nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz緩存

cd /usr/local/src 服務器
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.32 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
(注：./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. yum install -y zlib-devel)
make
make install

注：--with-pcre 指定pcre的源碼目錄，若是要安裝zlib的話也是這樣，添加個--with-zlib，後面加個源碼路徑

2、nginx配置（nginx負載均衡的最簡化模型）

worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http{
upstream myproject {
#這裏指定多個源服務器，ip:端口,80端口的話可寫可不寫
server 192.168.43.158:80;
server 192.168.41.167;
}
server {
listen 8080;
location / {
proxy_pass http://myproject;
}
}
}

3、詳細配置nginx

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#運行用戶
user nginx nginx;
#啓動進程
worker_processes 2;
#全局錯誤日誌及PID文件
error_log logs/error.log notice;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
#工做模式及每一個進程鏈接數上限
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 1024; #因此nginx支持的總鏈接數就等於worker_processes * worker_connections
}
#設定http服務器,利用它的反向代理功能提供負載均衡支持
http {
#設定mime類型
include mime.types; #這個是說nginx支持哪些多媒體類型，能夠到conf/mime.types查看支持哪些多媒體
default_type application/octet-stream; #默認的數據類型
#設定日誌格式
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
'"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
'"$gzip_ratio"';
log_format download '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
'"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
'"$http_range" "$sent_http_content_range"';
#設定請求緩衝
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
#開啓gzip模塊
#gzip on;
#gzip_min_length 1100;
#gzip_buffers 4 8k;
#gzip_types text/plain;
#output_buffers 1 32k;
#postpone_output 1460;
#設定access log
access_log logs/access.log main;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#設定負載均衡的服務器列表
upstream mysvr {
#weigth參數表示權值,權值越高被分配到的概率越大
server 192.168.207.129:80 weight=5;
server 192.168.207.130:8080 weight=5;
server 192.168.207.131:8080 weight=2;
}
server { #這個是設置web服務的，監聽8080端口
listen 8080;
server_name 192.168.207.131;
index index.html index.htm;
root /var/www/html;
#error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#location = /50x.html {
# root html;
#}
}
#設定虛擬主機
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.207.131;
#charset gb2312;
#設定本虛擬主機的訪問日誌
access_log logs/three.web.access.log main;
#若是訪問 /img/*, /js/*, /css/* 資源,則直接取本地文件,不經過squid
#若是這些文件較多,不推薦這種方式,由於經過squid的緩存效果更好
#location ~ ^/(img|js|css)/{
# root /data3/Html;
# expires 24h;
#}
#對 "/" 啓用負載均衡
location / {
proxy_pass http://mysvr; #以這種格式來使用後端的web服務器
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
}
#設定查看Nginx狀態的地址，在安裝時要加上--with-http_stub_status_module參數
location /NginxStatus {
stub_status on;
access_log on;
auth_basic "NginxStatus";
auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd; #設置訪問密碼，htpasswd -bc filename username password
}
}
}