介紹 golang執行系統命令

golang下的os/exec包執行外部命令,它將os.StartProcess進行包裝使得它更容易映射到stdin和stdout。這點和python下的command、os.system等功能是同樣的。這裏列兩個具體操做的代碼。其能夠調用類LINUX系統下的shell命令,也能夠在windows下調用cmd下的命令。html

代碼一python

package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"log"
"os/exec"
)
const ShellToUse = "bash"
func Shellout(command string) (error, string, string) {
var stdout bytes.Buffer
var stderr bytes.Buffer
cmd := exec.Command(ShellToUse, "-c", command)
cmd.Stdout = &stdout
cmd.Stderr = &stderr
err := cmd.Run()
return err, stdout.String(), stderr.String()
}
func main() {
err, out, errout := Shellout("ls -ltr")
if err != nil {
log.Printf("error: %v\n", err)
}
fmt.Println("--- stdout ---")
fmt.Println(out)
fmt.Println("--- stderr ---")
fmt.Println(errout)
}

以上代碼執行後,效果以下:linux

[root@361way go] go run cmd.go
--- stdout ---
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 79 Jun 13 2017 src
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 752 Aug 19 10:55 login.go
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1189 Aug 19 14:29 log.go
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 623 Aug 19 16:43 cmd.go
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 538 Aug 19 17:41 cmd2.go
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 519 Aug 19 21:38 http.go
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 462 Aug 19 22:29 test.py
--- stderr ---

代碼二golang

package main
import (
"fmt"
"os/exec"
)
func Cmd(cmd string, shell bool) []byte {
if shell {
out, err := exec.Command("bash", "-c", cmd).Output()
if err != nil {
panic("some error found")
}
return out
} else {
out, err := exec.Command(cmd).Output()
if err != nil {
panic("some error found")
}
return out
}
}
func main() {
//cmd := "ls -al"
cmd := "python test.py"
//cmd := "python -V" //沒有輸出
//cmd := "env"
out := string(Cmd(cmd,true))
//out := string(Cmd(cmd,false))
fmt.Println(out)
}

由於都是調用的exec.Command方法並調用bash shell,本質上並無什麼區別。其也能夠正常調用python腳本,但在直接調用python -V命令時沒有輸出,這點感受很奇怪。shell

原文來自: https://www.linuxprobe.com/golang-exec-command.htmlwindows

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