ububtu 14.04 問題集合

做者：jostree 轉載請註明出處 http://www.cnblogs.com/jostree/p/4168168.html

1.Chromium 中的flash插件問題:

sudo apt-get install pepperflashplugin-nonfree
sudo update-pepperflashplugin-nonfree --install

2.安裝zsh:

sudo apt-get install zsh git wget
wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O - | sh
chsh -s /bin/zsh

3.亮度保存:

sudo vim /etc/rc.local

在exit 0 前面添加:

echo 6 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

4.vim: "+p 粘貼問題

sudo apt-get install vim-gnome   

5.擁有gonme 開始菜單

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-flashback

6.Dia 軟件 輸入中文

修改文件：/usr/bin/dia

#dia-normal --integrated 「$@」
dia-normal 「$@」

 

7.命令行中python的自動補全

,在~/目錄下創建.pythonstartup.py文件,內容以下:

#!/usr/bin/python 
# python startup file 
         
import sys 
import readline 
import rlcompleter 
import atexit 
import os  
# tab completion 
readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete') 
# history file 
histfile = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.pythonhistory') 
try: 
    readline.read_history_file(histfile) 
except IOError: 
    pass 
atexit.register(readline.write_history_file, histfile) 
         
del os, histfile, readline, rlcompleter

而後在~/.bashrc中添加:

export PYTHONSTARTUP="/home/liuyi/.pythonstartup.py"

 

8.搜狗輸入法安裝：

登錄網址下載：http://pinyin.sogou.com/linux/

直接雙擊安裝，而後在系統設置-》語言支持-》鍵盤輸入方式系統-》fcitx-》應用到整個系統-》從新啓動

便可！

 

9.搜狗輸入法黑框：

a.安裝xcompmgr 

sudo apt-get install xcompmgr

b.設置xcompmgr自動啓動

mkdir ～/.config/autostart
cd ~/.config/autostart
vim xcompmgr.desktop

c.將以下內容複製到xcompmgr.desktop文件，保存便可

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Encodeing=UTF-8
Name="xcompmgr"
Comment=""
Exec="xcompmgr"
hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
Terminal=false

 

10.vim-latex suite 中使用xelatex編譯，生成pdf

 

#第88到92行，我進行了以下修改,就是讓tex老是被編譯成pdf
 
88 if has('macunix')
 
89 TexLet g:Tex_DefaultTargetFormat = 'pdf'
 
90 else
 
91 TexLet g:Tex_DefaultTargetFormat = 'pdf'
 
92 endif
 
 
#第117行修改,使用xelatex完成 tex -> pdf 的編譯
 
114 " ways to generate pdf files. there are soo many...
 
115 " NOTE: pdflatex generates the same output as latex. therefore quickfix is
 
116 "       possible.
 
117 TexLet g:Tex_CompileRule_pdf = 'xelatex -interaction=nonstopmode $*'
 
 
 
修改147行,指定用evince程序打開pdf文檔
 
144 elseif has('macunix')
 
145 " Let the system pick.  If you want, you can override the choice here.
 
146 TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_ps = ''
 
147 TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_pdf = 'evince

 

 

11.texlive 2013支持中文

安裝texlive:

sudo apt-get install texlive-full

把windows的sim字體拷貝到WinFonts文件夾下：

cd /usr/share/fonts  
sudo mkdir WinFonts
sudo cp simfang.ttf simhei.ttf simkai.ttf simpbdo.ttf simpfxo.ttf simpo.ttf simsunb.ttf simsun.ttc /usr/share/fonts/WinFonts 

使字體生效：

cd /usr/share/fonts/WinFonts
sudo chmod 755 *sudo mkfontscale  
sudo mkfontdir  
sudo fc-cache -fsv  

此處必定要使的文件夾具備可執行權限，而後修改配置文件：

cd /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/fontset
vim ctex-xecjk-winfonts.def

把其內部的SimKai和SimFang進行修改

修改內容可參考執行：

fc-list :lang=zh-cn 

後的結果，這是我執行後的結果，把相應的內容改成KaiTi和FangSong

/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc: AR PL UMing TW MBE:style=Light
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc: AR PL UKai CN:style=Book
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc: AR PL UKai HK:style=Book
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc: AR PL UKai TW:style=Book
/usr/share/fonts/WinFonts/simsun.ttc: 宋體,SimSun:style=常規,Regular
/usr/share/fonts/WinFonts/simkai.ttf: 楷體,KaiTi:style=Regular,Normal,obyčejné,Standard,Κανονικά,Normaali,Normál,Normale,Standaard,Normalny,Обычный,Normálne,Navadno,Arrunta
/usr/share/fonts/WinFonts/simfang.ttf: 仿宋,FangSong:style=Regular,Normal,obyčejné,Standard,Κανονικά,Normaali,Normál,Normale,Standaard,Normalny,Обычный,Normálne,Navadno,Arrunta
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/droid/DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf: Droid Sans Fallback:style=Regular
/usr/share/fonts/WinFonts/simhei.ttf: 黑體,SimHei:style=Regular,Normal,obyčejné,Standard,Κανονικά,Normaali,Normál,Normale,Standaard,Normalny,Обычный,Normálne,Navadno,Arrunta
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc: AR PL UKai TW MBE:style=Book
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc: AR PL UMing TW:style=Light
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc: AR PL UMing CN:style=Light
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc: AR PL UMing HK:style=Light
/usr/share/fonts/WinFonts/simsun.ttc: 新宋體,NSimSun:style=常規,Regular

這是我最終修改後的文件：

% ctex-xecjk-winfonts.def: Windows 的 xeCJK 字體設置，默認爲六種中易字體
% vim:ft=tex

%\setCJKmainfont[BoldFont={SimHei},ItalicFont={[SIMKAI.TTF]}]
\setCJKmainfont[BoldFont={SimHei},ItalicFont={KaiTi}]
  {SimSun}
\setCJKsansfont{SimHei}
%\setCJKmonofont{[SIMFANG.TTF]}
\setCJKmonofont{FangSong}

\setCJKfamilyfont{zhsong}{SimSun}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhhei}{SimHei}
%\setCJKfamilyfont{zhkai}{[SIMKAI.TTF]}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhkai}{KaiTi}
%\setCJKfamilyfont{zhfs}{[SIMFANG.TTF]}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhfs}{FangSong}
% \setCJKfamilyfont{zhli}{LiSu}
% \setCJKfamilyfont{zhyou}{YouYuan}

\newcommand*{\songti}{\CJKfamily{zhsong}} % 宋體
\newcommand*{\heiti}{\CJKfamily{zhhei}}   % 黑體
\newcommand*{\kaishu}{\CJKfamily{zhkai}}  % 楷書
\newcommand*{\fangsong}{\CJKfamily{zhfs}} % 仿宋

 

而後就能夠了。

 

12.安裝Eclipse

官網下載eclipse後解壓到/opt/eclipse

而後建立桌面圖標：

sudo vim /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

粘貼並保存以下內容

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse 4
Type=Application
Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE;
Name[en]=Eclipse

 發現能夠在終端順利啓動Eclipse，可是鼠標雙擊，或者用起動器啓動就會出現以下的內容：

A Java RunTime Environment (JRE) or Java Development Kit (JDK) must be available in order to run Eclipse. No java virtual machine was found after searching the following locations:…

解決辦法是在終端進入你的eclipse目錄，而後輸入：

mkdir jre
cd jre
ln -s 你的JDK目錄/bin bin

完成。