本文記錄經過log4net將日誌信息記錄到SQLServer數據庫中。git
一、新建控制檯應用程序 Log4NetDemo；github
二、經過NuGet安裝Log4Net （項目版本2.0.8）；sql
三、項目根目錄下添加 log4net.config 配置文件；數據庫
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <!--聲明一個名爲「log4net」的自定義配置節--> <configSections> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"/> </configSections> <!--log4net配置信息--> <log4net> <logger name="WebLogger"> <level value="INFO"/><!--定義在這個級別之上的日誌纔會被記錄--> <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" /><!--定義日誌對象使用的Appender對象--> </logger> <!--Appenders用來定義日誌的輸出方式 --> <!--name = 「AdoNetAppender」 sql數據庫--> <appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender"> <!--緩衝區大小爲10，緩存10條記錄同時寫入數據庫，避免每次都去請求數據庫鏈接寫數據--> <bufferSize value="10"/> <!-- SQL數據源 ，本地安裝SQL客戶端--> <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=1.0.3300.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> <!-- SQL鏈接字符串，修改成本身的--> <connectionString value="Data Source=ali.xsd.com;Initial Catalog=test;Integrated Security=false;User ID=admin;Password=123456;" /> <!-- 數據庫插入--> <commandText value="INSERT INTO AppOpLog ([ThreadId],[Level],[Message],[Exception],[LogTime],[UserPhone],[IP],[ControllerName],[ActionName],[ActionParam],[Url],[HttpHeader],[HttpMethod],[UserAgent],[StartTime],[EndTime],[RunTime]) VALUES ( @thread,@log_level, @message, @exception,@log_date, @UserPhone,@IP,@ControllerName,@ActionName,@ActionParam,@Url,@HttpHeader,@HttpMethod,@UserAgent,@StartTime,@EndTime,@RunTime)"/> <!--線程號--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@thread" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="100" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%t" /> </layout> </parameter> <!--日誌記錄時間，RawTimeStampLayout 爲默認的時間輸出格式--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@log_date"/> <dbType value="DateTime"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/> </parameter> <!--日誌等級--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@log_level"/> <dbType value="String"/> <size value="50"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%level"/> </layout> </parameter> <!--異常 ExceptionLayout 默認的異常輸出格式--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@exception"/> <dbType value="String"/> <size value="2000"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout"/> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@message"/> <dbType value="String"/> <size value="4000"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%message"/> </layout> </parameter> <!--自定義成員--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@UserPhone" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%UserPhone" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@IP" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%IP" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@StartTime" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%StartTime" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@EndTime" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%EndTime" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@RunTime" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%RunTime" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@ControllerName" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%ControllerName" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@ActionName" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%ActionName" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@ActionParam" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%ActionParam" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@Url" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%Url" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@HttpMethod" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%HttpMethod" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@HttpHeader" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%HttpHeader" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@UserAgent" /> <dbType value="String" /> <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%UserAgent" /> </layout> </parameter> </appender> </log4net> <startup> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> </startup> </configuration>
四、日誌記錄中添加自定義字段緩存
public class CustomLayout : log4net.Layout.PatternLayout { public CustomLayout() { this.AddConverter("UserPhone", typeof(UserPhonePatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("IP", typeof(IPPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("ControllerName", typeof(ControllerNamePatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("ActionName", typeof(ActionNamePatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("ActionParam", typeof(ActionParamPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("Url", typeof(UrlPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("HttpHeader", typeof(HttpHeaderPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("HttpMethod", typeof(HttpMethodPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("UserAgent", typeof(UserAgentPatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("StartTime", typeof(StartTimePatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("EndTime", typeof(EndTimePatternConverter)); this.AddConverter("RunTime", typeof(RunTimePatternConverter)); } } internal sealed class UserPhonePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.UserPhone); } } internal sealed class IPPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.IP); } } internal sealed class ControllerNamePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.ControllerName); } } internal sealed class ActionNamePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.ActionName); } } internal sealed class ActionParamPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.ActionParam); } } internal sealed class UrlPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.Url); } } internal sealed class HttpHeaderPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.HttpHeader); } } internal sealed class HttpMethodPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.HttpMethod); } } internal sealed class UserAgentPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.UserAgent); } } internal sealed class StartTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.StartTime); } } internal sealed class EndTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.EndTime); } } internal sealed class RunTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog; if (logMessage != null) writer.Write(logMessage.RunTime); } }
五、程序啓動時讀取配置文件，控制檯程序在Main方法中添加
//註冊 log4net，注意這裏的路徑爲絕對路徑 log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure( new System.IO.FileInfo(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "\\log4net.config") );
六、記錄日誌，定義LogHelper.cs
public class LogHelper { public static string LoggerName = "DbLogger"; private static ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(LoggerName); /// <summary> /// 記錄通常日誌 /// </summary> public static void LogInfo(AppOpLog opLog) { if (log.IsInfoEnabled) { log.Info(opLog); } } /// <summary> /// 記錄錯誤 /// </summary> public static void LogError(AppOpLog opLog, Exception ex) { if (log.IsErrorEnabled) { log.Error(opLog, ex); } } /// <summary> /// 記錄嚴重錯誤 /// </summary> public static void LogFatal(AppOpLog opLog, Exception ex) { if (log.IsFatalEnabled) { log.Fatal(opLog, ex); } } /// <summary> /// 記錄警告 /// </summary> public static void LogWarn(AppOpLog opLog) { if (log.IsWarnEnabled) { log.Warn(opLog); } } }
七、在程序中調用app
static void Main(string[] args) { log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure( new System.IO.FileInfo(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "\\log4net.config") ); AppOpLog opLog = new AppOpLog(); opLog.IP = "192.124.0.0"; opLog.ActionName = "action"; opLog.ControllerName = "controller"; opLog.ActionParam = "param"; opLog.Url = "url"; opLog.HttpHeader = "header"; opLog.HttpMethod = "get"; opLog.UserAgent = "useragent"; opLog.StartTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff"); opLog.EndTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff"); opLog.RunTime = (Convert.ToDateTime(opLog.EndTime) - Convert.ToDateTime(opLog.StartTime)).TotalSeconds.ToString(); LogHelper.LogError(opLog,new Exception("error"));//調用 Console.ReadKey(); }
八、結果ide
注意：控制檯程序調試的時候須要將 log4net.config屬性設爲始終複製；測試
附sql腳本this
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AppOpLog]( [IntId] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [UserCharId] [varchar](50) NULL, [UserPhone] [varchar](20) NULL, [LogTime] [datetime] NOT NULL, [IP] [varchar](20) NOT NULL, [ControllerName] [varchar](20) NOT NULL, [ActionName] [varchar](20) NOT NULL, [ActionParam] [varchar](max) NOT NULL, [Url] [varchar](max) NOT NULL, [HttpHeader] [varchar](max) NULL, [HttpMethod] [varchar](5) NULL, [UserAgent] [varchar](100) NULL, [StartTime] [datetime] NOT NULL, [EndTime] [datetime] NOT NULL, [RunTime] [varchar](50) NOT NULL, [Level] [varchar](10) NOT NULL, [ThreadId] [int] NOT NULL, [Message] [varchar](max) NULL, [Exception] [varchar](max) NULL, [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL )
AppOpLog.csurl
public class AppOpLog { public string IP { get; set; } public string ControllerName { get; set; } public string ActionName { get; set; } public string ActionParam { get; set; } public string Url { get; set; } public string HttpHeader { get; set; } public string HttpMethod { get; set; } public string UserAgent { get; set; } public string StartTime { get; set; } public string EndTime { get; set; } public string RunTime { get; set; } }
log4net調試：當log4net日誌插入失敗時，在Web.Config配置文件裏添加能夠查看錯誤狀況，這裏注意對應的目錄下要有寫文件的權限
<appSettings>
<add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="true"/>
</appSettings>
<system.diagnostics>
<trace autoflush="true">
<listeners>
<add name="textWriterTraceListener" type="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener" initializeData="C:\log4net.txt" />
</listeners>
</trace>
</system.diagnostics>
測試Demo地址：https://github.com/zhrong92/Log4NetDemo