httpClient實現微信公衆號消息羣發

一、實現功能　

　　向關注了微信公衆號的微信用戶羣發消息。（能夠是全部的用戶，也能夠是提供了微信openid的微信用戶集合）

二、基本步驟

前提：

　　已經有認證的公衆號或者測試公衆帳號

發送消息步驟：

1. 發送一個請求微信去獲取access_token
2. 發送一個請求去請求微信發送消息

相關微信接口的信息能夠查看：http://www.cnblogs.com/0201zcr/p/5866296.html 有測試帳號的申請 + 獲取access_token和發送微信消息的url和相關的參數需求。各個參數的意義等。

三、實踐

　　這裏經過HttpClient發送請求去微信相關的接口。

1）maven依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.1</version>
</dependency>

2）httpClient使用方法

使用HttpClient發送請求、接收響應很簡單，通常須要以下幾步便可。

1. 建立HttpClient對象。
2. 建立請求方法的實例，並指定請求URL。若是須要發送GET請求，建立HttpGet對象；若是須要發送POST請求，建立HttpPost對象。
3. 若是須要發送請求參數，可調用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法來添加請求參數；對於HttpPost對象而言，也可調用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法來設置請求參數。
4. 調用HttpClient對象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)發送請求，該方法返回一個HttpResponse。
5. 調用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可獲取服務器的響應頭；調用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可獲取HttpEntity對象，該對象包裝了服務器的響應內容。程序可經過該對象獲取服務器的響應內容。
6. 釋放鏈接。不管執行方法是否成功，都必須釋放鏈接——這裏使用了鏈接池，能夠交給鏈接池去處理

 3）實例

一、發送請求的類

import com.alibaba.druid.support.json.JSONUtils;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.Log;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.LogFactory;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.seewo.core.util.json.JsonUtils;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.HashedMap;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnRoutePNames;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import javax.security.cert.CertificateException;
import javax.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by zhengcanrui on 16/9/20.
 */
public class WechatAPIHander {

        /**
         * 獲取token接口
         */
        private String getTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}";
        /**
         * 拉微信用戶信息接口
         */
        private String getUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token={0}&openid={1}";
        /**
         * 主動推送信息接口(羣發)
         */
        private String sendMsgUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/sendall?access_token={0}";



        private HttpClient webClient;
        private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
        public void initWebClient(String proxyHost, int proxyPort){
            this.initWebClient();
            if(webClient != null && !StringUtils.isEmpty(proxyHost)){
                HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(proxyHost, proxyPort);
                webClient.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy);
            }
        }
        /**
         * @desc 初始化建立 WebClient
         */
        public void initWebClient() {
            log.info("initWebClient start....");
            try {
                PoolingClientConnectionManager tcm = new PoolingClientConnectionManager();
                tcm.setMaxTotal(10);
                SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
                X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {

                    @Override
                    public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {

                    }

                    @Override
                    public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {

                    }

                    @Override
                    public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                        return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[0];
                    }
                };
                ctx.init(null, new X509TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
                SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
                Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", 443, ssf);
                tcm.getSchemeRegistry().register(sch);
                webClient = new DefaultHttpClient(tcm);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                log.error("initWebClient exception", ex);
            } finally {
                log.info("initWebClient end....");
            }
        }
        /**
         * @desc 獲取受權token
         * @param appid
         * @param secret
         * @return
         */
        public String getAccessToken(String appid, String secret) {
            String accessToken = null;
            try {
                log.info("getAccessToken start.{appid=" + appid + ",secret:" + secret + "}");
                String url = MessageFormat.format(this.getTokenUrl, appid, secret);
                String response = executeHttpGet(url);
                Map map = JsonUtils.jsonToMap(response);
                accessToken = (String) map.get("access_token");
               /* Object Object = JSONUtils.parse(response);

                accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");*/
//                accessToken = JsonUtils.read(response, "access_token");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("get access toekn exception", e);
            }
            return accessToken;
        }
        /**
         * @desc 推送信息
         * @param token
         * @param msg
         * @return
         */
        public String sendMessage(String token,String msg){
            try{
                log.info("\n\nsendMessage start.token:"+token+",msg:"+msg);
                String url = MessageFormat.format(this.sendMsgUrl, token);
                HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
                ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();

                //這裏必須是一個合法的json格式數據,每一個字段的意義能夠查看上面鏈接的說明,content後面的test是要發送給用戶的數據,這裏是羣發給全部人
                msg = "{\"filter\":{\"is_to_all\":true},\"text\":{\"content\":\"test\"},\"msgtype\":\"text\"}\"";

                //設置發送消息的參數
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(msg);

                //解決中文亂碼的問題
                entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
                entity.setContentType("application/json");
                post.setEntity(entity);

                //發送請求
                String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(post, responseHandler);
                log.info("return response=====start======");
                log.info(response);
                log.info("return response=====end======");
                return response;

            }catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("get user info exception", e);
                return null;
            }
        }

        /**
         * @desc 發起HTTP GET請求返回數據
         * @param url
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         * @throws ClientProtocolException
         */
        private String executeHttpGet(String url) throws IOException, ClientProtocolException {
            ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
            String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(new HttpGet(url), responseHandler);
            log.info("return response=====start======");
            log.info(response);
            log.info("return response=====end======");
            return response;
        }

}

 二、Controller和Service層調用

  @RequestMapping(value = "/testHttpClient", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public DataMap test() {
        WechatAPIHander wechatAPIHander = new WechatAPIHander();

        //獲取access_token
　　　　　　//第一個參數是你appid，第二個參數是你的祕鑰，須要根據你的具體狀況換
        String accessToken = wechatAPIHander.getAccessToken("appid","scerpt");  

       //發送消息
        wechatAPIHander.sendMessage(accessToken, "測試數據");
       

        return new DataMap().addAttribute("DATA",accessToken);
    }
    

 三、結果

　　假如你關注了微信公衆號中看到你剛剛發送的test消息。

HttpClient學習文檔：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1miO1eOg

 致謝：感謝您的閱讀