LNMP架構虛擬主機配置、用戶認證及域名重定向

11月26日任務
12.6 Nginx安裝php

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-kmiwnqmu-d.html 
12.7 默認虛擬主機
12.8 Nginx用戶認證
12.9 Nginx域名重定向html

 

配置nginx虛擬主機

  • 修改nginx主配置文件
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 刪除原有的server語句塊,替換爲下面的代碼

include vhost/*.conf;
  • 建立並修改虛擬主機配置文件(默認虛擬主機)
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@localhost conf]# mkdir vhost
[root@localhost conf]# cd vhost/
[root@localhost vhost]# vim aaa.com.conf
server
{
    # 指定監聽80端口,並將該虛擬主機設置爲默認虛擬主機
    listen 80 default_server;
    
    # 設置服務器的名稱
    server_name aaa.com;
    
    # 設置服務器默認網頁
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    
    # 設置服務器的根目錄
    root /data/www/default;
}
  • 建立默認虛擬主機的根目錄及默認頁面
[root@localhost vhost]# mkdir -p /data/www/default
[root@localhost vhost]# cd /data/www/default/

[root@localhost default]# vim index.html
aaa.com
  • 檢測代碼並重啓服務
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 效果測試
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 aaa.com
aaa.com

# 因爲是默認的虛擬主機,任何域名均可以顯示默認網頁信息
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 bbb.com
aaa.com

nginx用戶認證

nginx中一個虛擬主機對於一個配置文件nginx

  • 建立新的虛擬主機配置文件
[root@localhost default]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 
server
{
    # 這個不是默認虛擬主機,default_server不須要配置
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/www/test.com;
    
    # 添加下列代碼
    location /
        {
	    auth_basic "Auth";
	    auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
	}
}
  • 建立test.com相關目錄和文件
[root@localhost default]# mkdir /data/www/test.com
[root@localhost default]# vim /data/www/test.com/index.html
test.com
  • 建立密碼文件 因爲用戶認證密碼文件須要使用apache的htpasswd命令生成,安裝httpd,並建立用戶
[root@localhost default]# yum install -y httpd
[root@localhost default]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd test
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user test
  • 重啓服務
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 測試效果
# 普通訪問
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Server: nginx/1.12.2
Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:55:24 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 195
Connection: keep-alive
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Auth"

# 指定用戶訪問
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 -utest:1 test.com -I 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.12.2
Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:55:33 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 8
Last-Modified: Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:17:09 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5a4880e5-8"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 -utest:1 test.com 
test.com

針對虛擬主機下的某個目錄進行認證

  • 修改代碼 針對某個目錄進行的認證,只需對上述的代碼進行簡單修改便可;
[root@localhost default]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 
server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/www/test.com;
    
    # 修改location便可,其餘都不變
    location /admin/
        {
	    auth_basic "Auth";
	    auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
	}
}
  • 重啓服務
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 驗證
# test.com能夠訪問
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80  test.com
test.com

# test.com下的admin目錄須要用戶認證
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80  test.com/admin/
<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.12.2</center>
</body>
</html>

針對虛擬主機下的某個文件(訪問的URL)進行認證

*( 修改虛擬主機配置文件(使用~匹配文件)apache

[root@localhost default]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 
server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/www/test.com;
    
    # 修改location便可,其餘都不變,這裏匹配admin.php只是對簡單的表示
    # 能夠使用更復雜的正則來顯示精準的文件認證
    location ~ admin.php
        {
	    auth_basic "Auth";
	    auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
	}
}
  • 重啓服務
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 驗證
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80  test.com/admin.php<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.12.2</center>
</body>
</html>

域名重定向

  • 修改虛擬主機配置文件
[root@localhost default]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf
server
{
    listen 80;
    
    # nginx能夠配置多個主機名,apache只能使用ServerAlias來指定別名
    server_name test.com test2.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/www/test.com;
    
    # 在多個域名
    # 判斷host是否爲test.com
    if ($host != 'test.com') {
	rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;
    }
}
  • 重啓服務
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 驗證
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index.html
<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.12.2</center>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/admin/index.html
<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.12.2</center>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost default]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test3.com/index.html
aaa.com
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