Nginx安裝，默認虛擬主機，Nginx用戶認證和域名重定向

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 nginx 安裝默認虛擬主機用戶認證域名重定向欄目 Nginx 简体版

原文原文鏈接

11月26日任務javascript

12.6 Nginx安裝php

12.7 默認虛擬主機css

12.8 Nginx用戶認證html

12.9 Nginx域名重定向java

12.6 、Nginx安裝node

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
vim /etc/init.d/nginx //複製以下內容（參考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx ）
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
vim nginx.conf //寫入以下內容（參考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf）
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/etc/init.d/nginx start
netstat -lntp |grep 80

#安裝過程linux

[root@zgxlinux-01 src]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx

[root@zgxlinux-01 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@zgxlinux-01 src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# make && make installgit

[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/
conf html logs sbinapache

[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx #編輯啓動腳本，粘貼以下內容

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"

start() 
{
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

stop() 
{
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

reload()
{
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

restart()
{
    stop
    start
}

configtest()
{
    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
    return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
        ;;
  configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
        RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@zgxlinux-01 nginx-1.14.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf koi-win scgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default mime.types scgi_params.default
fastcgi_params mime.types.default uwsgi_params
fastcgi_params.default nginx.conf uwsgi_params.default
koi-utf nginx.conf.default win-utf
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.1

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# vim nginx.conf #編輯新的配置文件，粘貼一下內容

user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 6000;
}

http
{
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
    server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
    log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
    ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
    ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 30;
    client_header_timeout 3m;
    client_body_timeout 3m;
    send_timeout 3m;
    connection_pool_size 256;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
    request_pool_size 4k;
    output_buffers 4 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_body_buffer_size 256k;
    client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
    fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 8k;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm 
    application/xml;

    server
    {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html;

        location ~ \.php$ 
        {
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        }    
    }
}

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 肯定 ]
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 4421 0.0 0.0 20548 624 ? Ss 13:14 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 4422 0.0 0.3 22992 3212 ? S 13:14 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 4423 0.0 0.3 22992 3212 ? S 13:14 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 4425 0.0 0.0 112720 980 pts/0 R+ 13:14 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# curl localhost/1.php
This is nginx test page.[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]#

12.7 、Nginx默認虛擬主機

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //增長
include vhost/*.conf
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
cd !$; vim default.conf //加入以下內容

server

{

listen 80 default_server; // 有這個標記的就是默認虛擬主機

server_name aaa.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/default;

}

mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default/
echo 「This is a default site.」>/data/wwwroot/default/index.html
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
curl localhost
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 123.com
mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com
echo 「test.com」>/data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I//狀態碼爲401說明須要驗證
curl -uaming:passwd 訪問狀態碼變爲200
編輯windows的hosts文件，而後在瀏覽器中訪問test.com會有輸入用戶、密碼的彈窗
針對目錄的用戶認證
location /admin/
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# vim nginx.conf

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# mkdir vhost
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# cd vhost/
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# ls
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# vim aaa.com.conf

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/default
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# cd /data/wwwroot/default/
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# vim index.html

[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# /etc/init.d/nginx restart #重啓服務也能夠直接從新加載一次，以下條命令：
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# curl localhost
This is the default site.
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 bbb.com
This is the default site.
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 bbbc.com
This is the default site.
[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 aaaa.com
This is the default site.

10.八、Nginx 用戶認證

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf//寫入以下內容

server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
}
}

yum install -y httpd
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd aming
-t && -s reload //測試配置並從新加載

#操做過程

[root@zgxlinux-01 default]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

[root@zgxlinux-01 /]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@zgxlinux-01 /]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# /usr/local/apache2.4.37/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd zhangguoxiang
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user zhangguoxiang
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd
zhangguoxiang:$apr1$NTNBftDs$NYbmry9DKE.egD1vn0NJm/

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com
<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.14.0</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 -uzhangguoxiang:123456 test.com
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.14.0</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# echo "test.com" > /data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html
[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -uzhangguoxiang:123456 test.com
test.com
#這樣設置是針對整個站點須要驗證，那麼咱們如何設置成只限制admin目錄驗證呢？

[root@zgxlinux-01 conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# vim test.com.conf

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com
test.com
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/
<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.14.0</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com/admin
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# echo "test.com.conf dir" > /data/wwwroot/test.com/admin/index.html
[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -uzhangguoxiang:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/
test.com.conf dir

12.九、Nginx域名重定向

更改test.com.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

if ($host != 'test.com' ) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;

}

server_name後面支持寫多個域名，這裏要和httpd的作一個對比
permanent爲永久重定向，狀態碼爲301，若是寫redirect則爲302

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# vim test.com.conf

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index.html/1ewfsdf -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.14.0
Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2018 03:00:33 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 185
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/index.html/1ewfsdf

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test3.com/index.html/1ewfsdf -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.14.0
Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2018 03:00:40 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 185
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/index.html/1ewfsdf

[root@zgxlinux-01 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test4.com/index.html/1ewfsdf -I HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Server: nginx/1.14.0 Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2018 03:00:46 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 169

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