iOS推送，看這篇足夠了

關於遠程推送的相關配置網上已經有足夠多的教程，這裏就不復述了。這裏講述當客戶端收到推送消息後，該怎樣對其進行相應的邏輯處理。

工程的AppDelegate.m文件裏提供了以下方法：

//當應用程序啓動後，可能須要進行其餘邏輯處理時調用的方法
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions;

//成功註冊registerUserNotificationSettings:後，回調的方法
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings;
 
/// 註冊失敗調用
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error;

/// 用戶贊成接收通知後，會調用此程序
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken;

//收到推送後調用的方法（iOS 10 及以上）
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler;
 
//收到推送後調用的方法（iOS 10 如下）
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler;
 
//應用掛起前調用的方法（當有電話進來或者鎖屏，應用會掛起）
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application;
 
//當程序復原或啓動時調用的方法
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application;

//應用將要進入後臺調用的方法
- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application;

//應用進入後臺調用的方法
-(void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application;
 
//應用將要退出
- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application;

 

首先爲應用程序註冊通知：

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    NSDictionary *remoteNotification = [launchOptions objectForKey:@"UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey"];
    if (remoteNotification != nil) {
        self.isLaunchedByNotification = YES;
    }else{
        self.isLaunchedByNotification = NO;
    }
    self.window=[[UIWindow alloc]initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen]bounds]];
    if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue] >= 10.0) {
        UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
        center.delegate = self;
        [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            if (!error) {
                NSLog(@"succeeded!");
            }
        }];
    } else if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue] >= 8.0){//iOS8-iOS9
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    } else {//iOS8如下
        [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    }
    return YES;
}

 

用戶贊成後，會調用此程序，獲取系統的deviceToken，應把deviceToken傳給服務器保存，此函數會在程序每次啓動時調用(前提是用戶容許通知)：

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
    NSLog(@"deviceToken = %@",deviceToken);
    NSString *token=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"<" withString:@""];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@">" withString:@""];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
    //TODO
    //保存到本地並上傳到服務器
}

 

收到推送消息後，進行相應的邏輯處理：

//iOS 10 及以上
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler {
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
    NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;
    //程序關閉狀態點擊推送消息打開
    if (self.isLaunchedByNotification) {
        //TODO
    }
    else{
        //前臺運行
        if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
            //TODO
        }
        //後臺掛起時
        else{
            //TODO
        }
        //收到推送消息手機震動，播放音效
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(kSystemSoundID_Vibrate);
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1007);
    }
    //設置應用程序角標數爲0
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 9999;
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
}

//iOS 10 如下
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);    
    //程序關閉狀態點擊推送消息打開
    if (self.isLaunchedByNotification) {
        //TODO
    }
    else{
        //前臺運行
        if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
            //TODO
        }
        //後臺掛起時
        else{
            //TODO
        }
        //收到推送消息手機震動，播放音效
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(kSystemSoundID_Vibrate);
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1007);
    }
    //設置應用程序角標數爲0
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 9999;
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
}

應用進入後臺時，設置角標數（應用圖標右上角小紅點，未讀消息數）：

-(void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application{
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:123];
}

實際應用：

1、註冊推送：

- (void)registerNotification
{
    if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 10.0)
    {
        if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {
            UNUserNotificationCenter * center =[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
            center.delegate=self;
            UNAuthorizationOptions options = UNAuthorizationOptionAlert|UNAuthorizationOptionSound|UNAuthorizationOptionBadge|UNAuthorizationOptionCarPlay;
            [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:options completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                if (granted) {
                }else{
                    NSLog(@"受權失敗");
                }
            }];
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
        }
    }
    else if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue]>=8.0)
    {
        UIUserNotificationSettings *sets= [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge|UIUserNotificationTypeAlert|UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:sets];
    }
    else
    {
        UIRemoteNotificationType type = UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert|UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge|UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound;
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:type];
    }
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
}

 

假如用戶第一次安裝拒絕推送須要提醒的，按如下方法：（例子：iOS10 ）

  UNUserNotificationCenter *userNotificationCenter = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];  

  userNotificationCenter.delegate = self;  

//獲取通知設置信息  

 [userNotificationCenter getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler:^(UNNotificationSettings * _Nonnull settings) {  
//用戶還未作出選擇  

　　if (settings.authorizationStatus == UNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {  

　　　　　//彈出受權框  
    　　 [userNotificationCenter requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionAlert + UNAuthorizationOptionBadge + UNAuthorizationOptionSound completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {  
　　　　　　　if (granted) {  

                    }else{  
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　//首次受權爲未受權狀態，以後爲已受權狀態  
                        DLog(@"沒有開啓通知");  
                    }  
                }];  
      }
　　else if (settings.authorizationStatus == UNAuthorizationStatusDenied){  
　　　　//用戶不一樣意受權時，彈出提示（最好只彈一次）  
　　　　UIAlertController *noticeNotificationAlertController = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"友情提示" message:@"建議您開啓通知功能，以便及時獲取相關信息" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];  
       [noticeNotificationAlertController addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"忽略" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {  
                }]];  
       [noticeNotificationAlertController addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"去開啓" style:UIAlertActionStyleDestructive handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action){  
　　　　NSURL *appSettingsUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];  
　　　　if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:appSettingsUrl]) {  
                     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:appSettingsUrl];  
                    }  
           }]];  
              [self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:noticeNotificationAlertController animated:YES completion:NULL];  
      }else{  
　　　　　　　//已受權  
        DLog(@"已受權通知");  
      }  
}];  

2、本地推送：

iOS10以後：

//使用 UNNotification 本地通知  

+(void)registerNotification:(NSInteger )alerTime{  

// 使用 UNUserNotificationCenter 來管理通知  

    UNUserNotificationCenter* center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];  

//需建立一個包含待通知內容的 UNMutableNotificationContent 對象，注意不是 UNNotificationContent ,此對象爲不可變對象。  

    UNMutableNotificationContent* content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];  

    content.title = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello!" arguments:nil];  

    content.body = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello_message_body"  arguments:nil];  

    content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];  

// 在 alertTime 後推送本地推送  

    UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger* trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:alerTime repeats:NO];  

    UNNotificationRequest* request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:@"FiveSecond"  content:content trigger:trigger];  

//添加推送成功後的處理！  

    [center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {  

　　　　　UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"本地通知" message:@"成功添加推送" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];  

　　　　　UIAlertAction *cancelAction = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:nil];  

        [alert addAction:cancelAction];  

        [[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];  
    }];  
}  

 

iOS10之前：

+ (void)registerLocalNotificationInOldWay:(NSInteger)alertTime {  

　　UILocalNotification *notification = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];  

　　// 設置觸發通知的時間  

　　NSDate *fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:alertTime];  

    NSLog(@"fireDate=%@",fireDate);  

    notification.fireDate = fireDate;  

　　// 時區  

    notification.timeZone = [NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone];  

　　// 設置重複的間隔  

    notification.repeatInterval = kCFCalendarUnitSecond;  

　　// 通知內容  

    notification.alertBody =  @"該起牀了...";  

    notification.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 1;  

　　// 通知被觸發時播放的聲音  

    notification.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;  

　　// 通知參數  

　　NSDictionary *userDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"開始學習iOS開發了" forKey:@"key"];  

    notification.userInfo = userDict;  

　　// 通知重複提示的單位，能夠是天、周、月  

     notification.repeatInterval = NSDayCalendarUnit;  

　　// 將本地通知添加到調度池，定時發送

    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:notification];  

　　 // 當即發送

    // [[UIApplication sharedApplication] presentLocalNotificationNow:localNotification];

}  

 

本地通知相關代理方法：

// 當App在前臺狀態下，若是有通知會調用該方法

// 當應用程序在後臺狀態下，點擊推送通知，程序從後臺進入前臺後，會調用該方法（從鎖屏界面點擊推送通知從後臺進入前臺也會執行）

// 當應用程序徹底退出時不調用該方法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification{

　　NSLog(@"%@", notification);

　　// 處理點擊通知後對應的業務

　　UIApplicationState applicationState = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] applicationState];

　　 if (applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {

　　// 前臺

　　// 例如QQ會增長tabBar上的badgeValue未讀數量

　　}

　　else if (applicationState == UIApplicationStateInactive) {

　　// 從前臺進入後臺

　　// 例如QQ會打開對應的聊天窗口

　　　　NSInteger applicationIconBadgeNumber = application.applicationIconBadgeNumber - 1;

　　　　application.applicationIconBadgeNumber = applicationIconBadgeNumber >= 0 ? applicationIconBadgeNumber : 0;

　　}

　　 [application cancelLocalNotification:notification];

}

 

// 監聽附加操做按鈕

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)())completionHandler {

　　NSLog(@"identifier:%@", identifier); completionHandler();

}

 

// 該方法在iOS9.0後調用，iOS9.0以前調用上面那個方法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification withResponseInfo:(nonnull NSDictionary *)responseInfo completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)())completionHandler {

　　// ====identifier:no, content:{UIUserNotificationActionResponseTypedTextKey = "not agree";}

　　NSLog(@"====identifier:%@, content:%@", identifier, responseInfo);

　　completionHandler();

}

 

3、遠程通知：

一、什麼是遠程推送

在聯網的狀況下，由遠程服務器推送給客戶端的通知，又稱APNs(Apple Push Notification Services)無論應用是打開仍是關閉的狀況下，都能接收到服務器推送的遠程通知在聯網狀態下，全部蘋果設備都會與蘋果服務器創建長鏈接

二、遠程推送的實現原理:

      1.打開App時: 發送UDID和BundleID給APNs加密後返回deviceToken

      2.獲取Token後，App調用接口,將用戶身份信息和deviceToken發給服務器，服務器記錄

      3.當推送消息時, 服務器按照用戶身份信息找到存儲的deviceToken，將消息和deviToken發送給APNs

      4.蘋果的APNs經過deviceToken, 找到指定設備的指定程序, 並將消息推送給用戶

三、實現遠程推送功能的前提

      1.真機

      2.調試階段的證書

         iOS_development.cer 用於真機調試的證書

         aps_development.cer 用於真機推送調試能的證書

         xxx.mobileprovision 描述文件，記錄了可以調試的手機、電腦和程序

      3.發佈階段的證書

          iOS_distribution.cer 用於發佈app的證書

          aps.cer 用於發佈時,讓app有推送功能的證書

          xxx.mobileprovision 描述文件，記錄了可以發佈app的電腦

如何配置證書, 不在本教程內, 請讀者自行處理, 或者參考視頻教程

 

1、 註冊遠程推送並獲取DeviceToken

1.建立iOS的項目，並輸入項目名字

2.在AppDelegate中導入頭文件:

#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>

3.在application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions方法中, 註冊遠程通知

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions

 {

 //請求通知權限, 本地和遠程共用

 UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];

 [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert completionHandler:^(BOOLgranted, NSError * _Nullable error) {

  if(granted) {

   NSLog(@"請求成功");

    } else{

    NSLog(@"請求失敗");

    }

   }];

 //註冊遠程通知

 [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];

 //設置通知的代理

 center.delegate = self;

 returnYES;

 } 

 

4.在接收遠程推送的DeviceToken方法中, 獲取Token

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken

{

//未來須要將此Token上傳給後臺服務器

NSLog(@"token:%@", deviceToken);

}

 

2、 iOS10以前通知的處理方法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification

{

　　//此方法已被下面的方法代替

}

-(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler

{

　　　//iOS10以前，接收遠程通知時，無論在前臺、後臺仍是程序殺死都會調用此方法

 　　if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {

　　//　前臺收到通知處理

　　}else{

　　//後臺或退出時點擊通知處理

　　}

　　    completionHandler();

}

 

3、 iOS10遠程推送通知的處理方法

 當點擊了推送後, 若是你但願進行處理. 那麼在iOS10中, 還須要設置UNUserNotificationCenter的delegate, 並遵照UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate協議.

以及實現下面實現3個方法, 用於處理點擊通知時的不一樣狀況的處理

       willPresentNotification:withCompletionHandler 用於前臺運行

didReceiveNotificationResponse:withCompletionHandler 用於後臺及程序退出

didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler用於靜默推送

//設置通知的代理

center.delegate = self;

1.前臺運行 會調用的方法

前臺運行: 指的是程序正在運行中, 用戶能看見程序的界面.

iOS10會出現通知橫幅, 而在之前的框架中, 前臺運行時, 不會出現通知的橫幅.

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; //前臺運行推送 顯示紅色Label [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor redColor]]; //能夠設置當收到通知後, 有哪些效果呈現(聲音/提醒/數字角標) completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionSound | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); }

 

2.後臺運行及程序退出 會調用的方法

後臺運行: 指的是程序已經打開, 用戶看不見程序的界面, 如鎖屏和按Home鍵.

程序退出: 指的是程序沒有運行, 或者經過雙擊Home鍵,關閉了程序.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

- ( void )userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:( void (^)())completionHandler   {    NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;      //後臺及退出推送 顯示綠色Label    [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor greenColor]];      completionHandler();   }

 

3.靜默推送通知 會調用的方法

靜默推送: iOS7之後出現, 不會出現提醒及聲音.

要求:

推送的payload中不能包含alert及sound字段

須要添加content-available字段, 並設置值爲1

例如: {"aps":{"content-available":"1"},"PageKey」":"2"}

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

//若是是之前的舊框架, 此方法 前臺/後臺/退出/靜默推送均可以處理 - ( void )application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:( void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {    //靜默推送 顯示藍色Label   [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor blueColor]];     completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);   }

 

4.處理通知的公用方法

開發中, 點擊通知的邏輯應當看本身程序的需求.

這裏爲了方便演示, 簡單的將通知的值, 經過UILabel顯示在主界面上.

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- ( void )showLabelWithUserInfo:(NSDictionary *)userInfo color:(UIColor *)color {   UILabel *label = [UILabel new ];   label.backgroundColor = color;   label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 250, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, 300);   label.text = userInfo.description;   label.numberOfLines = 0;   [[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow addSubview:label]; }

 

iOS10本地通知：http://www.jianshu.com/p/5713fa2bfece 

對iOS的Push Notification的響應理解：https://www.jianshu.com/p/14bcec29f5c8