讀寫鎖是一種同步機制,容許多個讀操做同時讀取數據,可是隻容許一個寫操做寫數據。鎖的狀態有三種:讀模式加鎖、寫模式加鎖、無鎖。
就拿文件行數這個變量來看,若是開啓了日誌文件按小時按行數切割的功能,要先讀取當前文件行數變量值。當併發狀況下,多個 goroutine 在打日誌,讀取文件行數和修改文件行數便成爲一對「讀寫」操做,因此須要用讀寫鎖,讀寫鎖對於讀操做不會致使鎖競爭和 goroutine 阻塞。緩存
// WriteMsg write logger message into file. func (w *fileLogWriter) WriteMsg(when time.Time, msg string, level int) error { ··· if w.Rotate { w.RLock() if w.needRotateHourly(len(msg), h) { w.RUnlock() w.Lock() if w.needRotateHourly(len(msg), h) { if err := w.doRotate(when); err != nil { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "FileLogWriter(%q): %s\n", w.Filename, err) } } w.Unlock() } else if w.needRotateDaily(len(msg), d) { w.RUnlock() w.Lock() if w.needRotateDaily(len(msg), d) { if err := w.doRotate(when); err != nil { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "FileLogWriter(%q): %s\n", w.Filename, err) } } w.Unlock() } else { w.RUnlock() } } w.Lock() _, err := w.fileWriter.Write([]byte(msg)) if err == nil { w.maxLinesCurLines++ w.maxSizeCurSize += len(msg) } w.Unlock() ··· }
第一處是開啓異步選項時,啓動一個 goroutine 監聽 msgChan 是否爲空,發現不爲空便取走日誌信息進行輸出。併發
// Async set the log to asynchronous and start the goroutine func (bl *BeeLogger) Async(msgLen ...int64) *BeeLogger { ··· go bl.startLogger() ··· } // start logger chan reading. // when chan is not empty, write logs. func (bl *BeeLogger) startLogger() { gameOver := false for { select { case bm := <-bl.msgChan: bl.writeToLoggers(bm.when, bm.msg, bm.level) logMsgPool.Put(bm) ··· } ··· } }
文件輸出引擎 file.go 文件中,初始化 fileWriter *os.File 時啓動一個 goroutine 執行 dailyRotate() :異步
func (w *fileLogWriter) initFd() error { fd := w.fileWriter fInfo, err := fd.Stat() if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("get stat err: %s", err) } w.maxSizeCurSize = int(fInfo.Size()) w.dailyOpenTime = time.Now() w.dailyOpenDate = w.dailyOpenTime.Day() w.maxLinesCurLines = 0 if w.Daily { go w.dailyRotate(w.dailyOpenTime) // <------ } if fInfo.Size() > 0 && w.MaxLines > 0 { count, err := w.lines() if err != nil { return err } w.maxLinesCurLines = count } return nil }
dailyRotate() 方法中,tm 定時器時間一到,便會往 tm.C 通道發送當前時間,此時 a 語句便中止阻塞,能夠繼續往下執行。async
func (w *fileLogWriter) dailyRotate(openTime time.Time) { y, m, d := openTime.Add(24 * time.Hour).Date() nextDay := time.Date(y, m, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, openTime.Location()) tm := time.NewTimer(time.Duration(nextDay.UnixNano() - openTime.UnixNano() + 100)) <-tm.C // <--- a 語句 w.Lock() if w.needRotate(0, time.Now().Day()) { if err := w.doRotate(time.Now()); err != nil { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "FileLogWriter(%q): %s\n", w.Filename, err) } } w.Unlock() }
由於刪除文件涉及文件 IO 處理,爲了不阻塞主線程,便交由另外 goroutine 去作。,go w.deleteOldLog()
,超過 MaxDays 的日誌文件即是失效的。url
// DoRotate means it need to write file in new file. // new file name like xx.2013-01-01.log (daily) or xx.001.log (by line or size) func (w *fileLogWriter) doRotate(logTime time.Time) error { ··· err = os.Rename(w.Filename, fName) ··· startLoggerErr := w.startLogger() go w.deleteOldLog() ··· } func (w *fileLogWriter) deleteOldLog() { dir := filepath.Dir(w.Filename) filepath.Walk(dir, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) (returnErr error) { defer func() { if r := recover(); r != nil { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Unable to delete old log '%s', error: %v\n", path, r) } }() if info == nil { return } if !info.IsDir() && info.ModTime().Add(24*time.Hour*time.Duration(w.MaxDays)).Before(time.Now()) { if strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(path), filepath.Base(w.fileNameOnly)) && strings.HasSuffix(filepath.Base(path), w.suffix) { os.Remove(path) } } return }) }
doRotate() 方法大致邏輯:線程
重命名以前寫入的日誌文件,err = os.Rename(w.Filename, fName)
3d
_,err:=os.Lstat(fName)
:若以 fName 爲名的文件不存在則返回 err 不爲空。os.Chmod(fName, os.FileMode(rotatePerm))
修改文件權限。從新啓動 Logger :rest
w.startLogger()
;注意到下面代碼段中的 a 語句和 b 語句,它們並非返回錯誤阻止代碼繼續執行,而是即便發生錯誤也會保證重啓一個新的 Logger。若是是執行到 a 語句這種狀況,有多是該日誌文件已經被別的程序刪除或者其餘緣由致使文件不存在,但大可沒必要由於一個日誌文件的丟失而阻止了新 Logger 的啓動,簡而言之,這個錯誤是能夠忽略的。日誌
// DoRotate means it need to write file in new file. // new file name like xx.2013-01-01.log (daily) or xx.001.log (by line or size) func (w *fileLogWriter) doRotate(logTime time.Time) error { // file exists // Find the next available number num := 1 fName := "" rotatePerm, err := strconv.ParseInt(w.RotatePerm, 8, 64) if err != nil { return err } _, err = os.Lstat(w.Filename) if err != nil { //even if the file is not exist or other ,we should RESTART the logger goto RESTART_LOGGER // <------- a 語句 } if w.MaxLines > 0 || w.MaxSize > 0 { for ; err == nil && num <= 999; num++ { fName = w.fileNameOnly + fmt.Sprintf(".%s.%03d%s", logTime.Format("2006-01-02"), num, w.suffix) _, err = os.Lstat(fName) } } else { fName = fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s%s", w.fileNameOnly, w.dailyOpenTime.Format("2006-01-02"), w.suffix) _, err = os.Lstat(fName) for ; err == nil && num <= 999; num++ { fName = w.fileNameOnly + fmt.Sprintf(".%s.%03d%s", w.dailyOpenTime.Format("2006-01-02"), num, w.suffix) _, err = os.Lstat(fName) } } // return error if the last file checked still existed if err == nil { return fmt.Errorf( "Rotate: Cannot find free log number to rename %s", w.Filename) } // close fileWriter before rename w.fileWriter.Close() // Rename the file to its new found name // even if occurs error,we MUST guarantee to restart new logger err = os.Rename(w.Filename, fName) if err != nil { goto RESTART_LOGGER // <------- b 語句 } err = os.Chmod(fName, os.FileMode(rotatePerm)) RESTART_LOGGER: // <------- startLoggerErr := w.startLogger() go w.deleteOldLog() if startLoggerErr != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Rotate StartLogger: %s", startLoggerErr) } if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Rotate: %s", err) } return nil }
a 語句處,開啓 goroutine 前計數器加一,執行完該 goroutine 後計數器減一,即 b 語句。code
// Async set the log to asynchronous and start the goroutine func (bl *BeeLogger) Async(msgLen ...int64) *BeeLogger { ··· bl.wg.Add(1) // <----- a 語句 go bl.startLogger() return bl } // start logger chan reading. // when chan is not empty, write logs. func (bl *BeeLogger) startLogger() { gameOver := false for { select { case bm := <-bl.msgChan: bl.writeToLoggers(bm.when, bm.msg, bm.level) logMsgPool.Put(bm) case sg := <-bl.signalChan: // Now should only send "flush" or "close" to bl.signalChan bl.flush() if sg == "close" { for _, l := range bl.outputs { l.Destroy() } bl.outputs = nil gameOver = true } bl.wg.Done() // <------ b 語句 } if gameOver { break } } }
分析併發執行下面 Flush() 方法的狀況。假設有 A , B , C 三個 goroutine,而且假設 A 先執行到 e 語句,從
a 語句知道初始計數器爲 1 ,因此 e 語句必須等到上述 startLogger-goroutine 執行 b 語句完畢後才中止阻塞。然後 A 再讓計數器加一。由於 bl.signalChan
的緩存大小爲1,因此 B,C 阻塞在 d 語句,等到 B,C 其中之一能執行 e 語句的時候計數器必然大於0,纔不會致使永久阻塞。因此 f 語句要放在 e 語句以後。
// Flush flush all chan data. func (bl *BeeLogger) Flush() { if bl.asynchronous { bl.signalChan <- "flush" // <------ d 語句 bl.wg.Wait() // <------ e 語句 bl.wg.Add(1) // <------ f 語句 return } bl.flush() }
所以再看下面的 Close() 方法,它是不能併發執行的,會致使 "panic: close of closed channel"
錯誤。不過筆者暫時沒懂爲何 beego logs 不把這裏作一下改進,讓 Close() 也支持併發調用很差嗎?
// Close close logger, flush all chan data and destroy all adapters in BeeLogger. func (bl *BeeLogger) Close() { if bl.asynchronous { bl.signalChan <- "close" bl.wg.Wait() // <------ g 語句 close(bl.msgChan) } else { bl.flush() for _, l := range bl.outputs { l.Destroy() } bl.outputs = nil } close(bl.signalChan) }