建立本地項目並上傳GitHub

1. 建立本地項目

各人根據實際狀況建立本身的項目（我在IntelliJ IDEA中建立了SpringBoot項目）

2. 在GitHub上建立倉庫

3. 將本地項目上傳到GitHub上

先cd進入建立好的本地項目的文件夾下，而後執行以下Git命令：

## 在GitHub建立倉庫時沒有添加README文件，先建立README.md文件
touch README.md

## Git初始化
git init
說明：當前目錄執行git初始化，在當前目錄中添加一個.git文件夾來存儲一些git數據

## 添加全部文件到暫存區
git add *

## 將暫存區內容提交到本地倉庫
git commit -m "項目本地倉庫上傳"

## 鏈接遠程倉庫(SSH和HTTPS方式都行)
git remote add origin git@github.com:rangdandanfei/git-use-demo.git

## 提交到遠程倉庫
git push -u origin master
說明：
git push 將當前分支推送至遠程同名分支
git push origin [branch-name] 推送本地某分支至遠程某分支
git push -u origin [branch-name] 推送本地某分支至遠程某分支，並跟蹤
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FAQ :

1. 錯誤：error: failed to push some refs to 'github.com/rangdandanf…'

緣由：遠程倉庫和本地倉庫不匹配，須要先合併，再push。

詳細的錯誤信息以下：

$ git push -u origin master
To https://github.com/rangdandanfei/git-using-demo.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/rangdandanfei/git-using-demo.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
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解決方法：執行以下命令便可

## 先拉取(pull)遠程倉庫master分支代碼，與本地進行合併，再將本地倉庫master分支代碼push到遠程
git pull --rebase origin master
git push -u origin master
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git pull --rebase 命令相關介紹可參考文章：www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/…

2. 錯誤：git@github.com: Permission denied (publicKey). fatal: Could not read from remote respository.

緣由：GitHub的SSH key不存在或者SSH key驗證不經過。

詳細的錯誤信息以下：

$ git push -u origin master
git@github.com: Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
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解決方法：

<1> SSH key不存在，則新建一個SSH key加入GitHub中。

命令總結以下：

• 打開Git Bash，先檢查是否已經存在SSH keys，輸入以下命令：

  ls -al ~/.ssh
  
  說明：
  默認的公鑰名爲：
  id_dsa.pub
  id_ecdsa.pub
  id_ed25519.pub
  id_rsa.pub
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• 若不存在SSH key，生成一個新的SSH key，輸入以下命令：

  ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -c "your_email@example.com"
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  生成了一個新的SSH key :

  > Generating public/private rsa key pair.
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• 當提示"Enter a file in which to save the key." 按Enter，保存到默認的文件位置：

  > Enter a file in which to save the key (/c/Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa):[Press enter]
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• 提示輸入安全密碼，能夠直接按回車Enter鍵

  > Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type a passphrase]
  > Enter same passphrase again: [Type passphrase again]
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• 把SSH key複製到剪貼板

  $ clip < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  # Copies the contents of the id_rsa.pub file to your clipboard
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  也能夠打開C:/Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa文件，直接複製。

• 把SSH key加入到GitHub帳戶上

  

GitHub上有詳細的教程，照着一步一步作就OK了，地址：help.github.com/articles/co…

<2> SSH key存在時，檢測SSH鏈接和使用狀況，嘗試切換以HTTPS的方式鏈接遠程倉庫，若仍是不行，則新建一個SSH key。

打開Git Bash，檢測SSH鏈接狀況，輸入以下命令：

ssh -T git@github.com
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若獲得以下提示：

> The authenticity of host 'github.com (IP ADDRESS)' can't be established. > RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48. > Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 或者 > The authenticity of host 'github.com (IP ADDRESS)' can't be established.
  > RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nThbg6kXUpJWGl7E1IGOCspRomTxdCARLviKw6E5SY8.
  > Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
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輸入yes，則看到以下提示，表示SSH鏈接驗證成功

> Hi username! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not > provide shell access. 複製代碼

若獲得以下提示：

$ ssh -T git@github.com
> git@github.com: Permission denied (publickey).
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則在(3. 將本地項目上傳到GitHub上)鏈接遠程倉庫時，嘗試切換以HTTPS的方式鏈接。

## 鏈接遠程倉庫(HTTPS方式)
git remote add origin https://github.com/rangdandanfei/git-use-demo.git
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若提示錯誤信息：fatal: remote origin already exists. 則 :

# 先輸入
git remote rm origin
# 再輸入
git remote add origin https://github.com/rangdandanfei/git-use-demo.git
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檢測SSH key的使用狀況，輸入以下命令：

$ ssh -vT git@github.com
> ...
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
> ...
> debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
> debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
> debug1: Trying private key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa
> debug1: Trying private key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa
> debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
> Permission denied (publickey).

或提示：
$ ssh -vT git@github.com
> ...
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
> ...
> debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
> debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
> debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa
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擴展閱讀：

GIT——新建項目並提交遠程倉庫: blog.csdn.net/qq_37049781…

本地項目提交到GitHub: www.jianshu.com/p/4f3151195…