xcode 路徑

$(SRCROOT)宏和$(PROJECT_DIR)宏

XCode環境變量及路徑設置

分類： Objective-C2013-03-11 12:30 41336人閱讀 評論(1) 收藏 舉報 通常咱們在xcode裏面配置包含工程目錄下頭文件的時候，都要關聯着相對路徑和絕對路徑，若是隻是本身用這個項目，用絕對路徑的問題不大，可是若是你把 工程發給別人，別人就要在改這個絕對路徑，這時候絕對路徑的缺點立馬出現。

因此在修改User Header Search Paths這個選項的時候使用
"$(SRCROOT)/當前工程名字/須要包含頭文件所在文件夾"
將上面的雙引號裏面的字符串拷貝以後，你會發現這個「$(SRCROOT)」，會自動變成當前工程因此的目錄。

這樣就能夠了，發給別人，別人也不用在去修改路徑了。

 

 

 

 

 

xcode4的環境變量，Build Settings參數，workspace及聯編設置

1、xcode4中的環境變量

?

1	$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)

build成功後的，最終產品路徑－－能夠在Build Settings參數的Per-configuration Build Products Path項裏設置

?

1	$(TARGET_NAME)

目標工程名稱

?

1	$(SRCROOT)

工程文件（好比Nuno.xcodeproj）的路徑

?

1	$(CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION)

當前工程版本號

 

其餘：

當編譯靜態庫，設備選模擬器(iPhone 5.0 Simulator)，未設置任何Build Settings參數時，默認的基礎路徑：

/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxWorkspace-caepeadwrerdcrftijaolkkagbjf

下面用$()代替上面一長串東東

$(SYMROOT) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_ROOT) = $()/Build/Products

這三個變量中的$()不會隨着Build Settings參數的設置而改變

相反，如下能夠經過設置而改變

$(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(TARGET_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(SDK_NAME) = iphonesimulator5.0

$(PLATFORM_NAME) = iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION) = Debug

$(TARGET_NAME) = UtilLib

$(EXECUTABLE_NAME) = libUtilLib.a 可執行文件名

${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} 5.0

$(ACTION) = build

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) 當前模擬器路徑

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) 當前設備路徑

 

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME =

$()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

 

自定義變量

${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos 表示：Debug-iphoneos

${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator 表示：Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator

自定義一個設備無關的路徑（用來存放各類架構arm6/arm7/i386輸出的產品）

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-universal

自定義變量表明的值

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) ＝ $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-universal

 

iphoneos5.0下的編譯腳本：

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphoneos5.0" -arch "armv6 armv7" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

 

iphonesimulator5.0下的編譯腳本：

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphonesimulator5.0" -arch "i386" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

加上下面一句表示輸出到文件：

> "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"

 

lipo腳本工具：合併iPhone模擬器和真機的靜態類庫，生成通用庫

lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

意思是：把"${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}目錄下的.a文件，和${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}目錄下的.a文件合併，

在${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}目錄下，生成兩個設備都通用的靜態庫,

例如：lipo -create -output xy.a x.a y.a

 

2、xcode4中build Settings常見參數解析

1.Installation Directory：安裝路徑

靜態庫編譯時，在Build Settings中Installation Directory設置「$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)」

Skip Install設爲YES

Installation Directory默認爲/usr/local/lib

由於Build Location默認時，.a文件會放在很長（好比：/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxProgram

dalrvzehhtesxdfqhxixzafvddwe/Build/Products/Debug-iPhoneos）的路徑下，或是咱們target指定的路徑

Skip Install若是是NO,可能會被安裝到默認路徑/usr/local/lib

2.Public Headers Folder Path：對外公開頭文件路徑

設爲「include」（具體的頭文件路徑爲：$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include/xx.h）

在最終文件.a同級目錄下生成一個include目錄

默認：/usr/local/include

Public Headers Folder Path這個路徑就是使用這lib的某工程須要依賴的外部頭文件.導入這路徑後，#include/import "xx.h"才能看到

3.User Header Search Paths：依賴的外部頭文件搜索路徑

設置爲「$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include」

和2中路徑對應

4.Per-configuration Build Products Path：最終文件路徑

好比設爲「../app」，就會在工程文件.xcodeproj上一層目錄下的app目錄裏，建立最終文件

默認爲$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

等於$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)

5.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path：臨時中間文件路徑

默認爲：$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

6.Code Signing Identity：真機調試的證書選擇

選一個和Bundle identifier相對應的證書

Library Search Paths：庫搜索路徑

Architectures：架構，設爲 armv6 或 armv7

Valid Architectures：應用框架，能夠設爲 armv六、 armv7 或i386

Product Name:工程文件名，默認爲$(TARGET_NAME)

Info.plist File：info文件路徑

Build Variants：默認爲normal

Other Linker Flags：其餘連接標籤

設爲「-ObjC」

當導入的靜態庫使用了類別，須要設爲-ObjC

iOS Deployment Target：ios部署對象

好比能夠選擇設爲，ios3到ios5的一種版本

Prefix Header：預編頭文件（好比：UtilLib/UtilLib-Prefix.pch）

Precompile Prefix Header：設爲「Yes」，表示容許加入預編譯頭

 

3、workspace（工做區）

做用：管理多個工程（project），多工程聯編

 

4、workspace多工程聯編設置

1、

1.新建一個靜態庫工程，好比UtilLib，並生成UtilLib.h和UtilLib.m文件

2.選中須要公開的頭文件，

把右側欄的Target Membership中設置爲public

或則，選中工程目錄target的Build Phases標籤的copy headers項，在public中添加要公開的頭文件

3.Architectures設爲：armv6 armv7

4.Valid Architectures設爲：armv6 armv7 i386

5.Build Products Path設爲：$(SRCROOT)/../build

6.Per-configuration Build Products Path設爲：

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

7.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path設爲：

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(TARGET_NAME).build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

8.設置安裝路徑：Installation Directory項

9.設置對外公開的頭文件路徑：Public Headers Folder Path項

 

10.爲靜態庫添加依賴的shell腳本

選中工程目錄target的Build Phases標籤，點擊由下角的Add Build Phase按鈕

在彈出的菜單裏選擇Add run script項，而後頁面中會多出一個Run Script項

在黑框裏填寫"$SRCROOT/mergeArmSymbols.sh"

創建對此腳本的依賴（編譯靜態庫的後會運行此腳本）

若是編譯時設備選的是iphone simulator：

則此腳本會在對應iphone device的產品目錄Debug-iphoneos中，生成對device有用的.a靜態庫，

相反，若是設備選的是iphone device：

則此腳本會在對應iphone simulator的產品目錄Debug-iphoneos中，生成對simulator有用的.a靜態庫

最後，此腳本調用lipo工具，把本工程生成靜態庫與此腳本生成的靜態庫合併，生成simulator和device都通用的.a文件

 

11.具體bash shell腳本以下：

 

[plain] view plaincopy

1. mergeArmSymbols.sh
2. # Version 2.0 (updated for Xcode 4, with some fixes)
3.  
4. # Author: Adam Martin - http://twitter.com/redglassesapps
5. # Based on: original script from Eonil (main changes: Eonil's script WILL NOT WORK in Xcode GUI - it WILL CRASH YOUR COMPUTER)
6. #
7. # More info: see this Stack Overflow question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3520977/build-fat-static-library-device-simulator-using-xcode-and-sdk-4
8.  
9. #################[ Tests: helps workaround any future bugs in Xcode ]########
10. #
11. DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT="true"
12.  
13. if [ $DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT = "true" ]
14. then
15. echo "########### TESTS #############"
16. echo "Use the following variables when debugging this script; note that they may change on recursions"
17. echo "BUILD_DIR = $BUILD_DIR"
18. echo "BUILD_ROOT = $BUILD_ROOT"
19. echo "CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR"
20. echo "BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR = $BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR"
21. echo "CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR"
22. echo "TARGET_BUILD_DIR = $TARGET_BUILD_DIR"
23. echo "SDK_NAME = $SDK_NAME"
24. echo "PLATFORM_NAME = $PLATFORM_NAME"
25. echo "CONFIGURATION = $CONFIGURATION"
26. echo "TARGET_NAME = $TARGET_NAME"
27. echo "ARCH_TO_BUILD = $ARCH_TO_BUILD"
28. echo "ARCH_TO_BUILD = $ARCH_TO_BUILD"
29. echo "ACTION = $ACTION"
30. echo "SYMROOT = $SYMROOT"
31. echo "EXECUTABLE_NAME = $EXECUTABLE_NAME"
32. echo "CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR"
33. echo "CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR"
34.  
35. echo "#############Other###########"
36. echo "BUILD_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $BUILD_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"
37.  
38. echo "PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"
39.  
40. fi
41.  
42. #####################[ part 1 ]##################
43. # First, work out the BASESDK version number
44. # (incidental: searching for substrings in sh is a nightmare! Sob)
45.  
46. SDK_VERSION=$(echo ${SDK_NAME} | grep -o '.\{3\}$')
47.  
48. # Next, work out if we're in SIM or DEVICE
49.  
50. if [ ${PLATFORM_NAME} = "iphonesimulator" ]
51. then
52. OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphoneos${SDK_VERSION}
53. ARCH_TO_BUILD="armv6 armv7"
54. else
55. OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphonesimulator${SDK_VERSION}
56. ARCH_TO_BUILD="i386"
57. fi
58.  
59. echo "XCode has selected SDK: ${PLATFORM_NAME} with version: ${SDK_VERSION} (although back-targetting: ${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET})"
60. echo "...therefore, OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD = ${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}"
61. #
62. #####################[ end of part 1 ]##################
63.  
64. #####################[ part 2 ]##################
65. #
66. # IF this is the original invocation, invoke whatever other builds are required
67. #
68. # Xcode is already building ONE target... build ONLY the missing platforms/configurations.
69.  
70. if [ "true" == ${ALREADYINVOKED:-false} ]
71. then
72. echo "RECURSION: Not the root invocation, don't recurse"
73. else
74. # Prevent recursion
75. export ALREADYINVOKED="true"
76.  
77. echo "RECURSION: I am the root... recursing all missing build targets..."
78. echo "RECURSION: ...about to invoke: xcodebuild -configuration \"${CONFIGURATION}\" -target \"${TARGET_NAME}\" -sdk \"${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}\" -arch \"${ARCH_TO_BUILD}\" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO"
79. xcodebuild -project "${TARGET_NAME}.xcodeproj" -configuration "${CONFIGURATION}" -target "${TARGET_NAME}" -sdk "${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}" -arch "${ARCH_TO_BUILD}" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO BUILD_DIR="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}" > "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"
80. ACTION="build"
81.  
82. # Merge all platform binaries as a fat binary for each configurations.
83.  
84. # Calculate where the (multiple) built files are coming from:
85. CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos
86. CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator
87.  
88. echo "Taking device build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}"
89. echo "Taking simulator build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}"
90.  
91. CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-universal
92. echo "...outputing a universal arm6/arm7/i386 build to: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"
93.  
94. # ... remove the products of previous runs of this script
95. # NB: this directory is only created by this script - it should be safe to delete
96.  
97. rm -rf "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"
98. mkdir "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"
99.  
100. #
101. echo "lipo: for current configuration (${CONFIGURATION}) creating output file: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"
102. lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"
103.  
104. #######custom########
105. #copy universal lib to ../libs
106. libsDir=../libs
107. includeDir=../include
108.  
109. rm -rf "${libsDir}"
110. mkdir -p "${libsDir}"
111.  
112. echo "cp -R ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME} ${libsDir}"
113.  
114. cp -R "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${libsDir}"
115.  
116. echo "cp -R ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include ${includeDir}"
117.  
118. cp -R "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include" "${includeDir}"
119.  
120. fi
     
     

      

     下載右邊的圖片，而後把後綴改成.sh（其實就是上面的腳本，由於博客園只能上傳圖片)

     靜態庫編譯後的目錄結構以下：

      

     2、

     1.新建主工程，好比Nuno，添加對靜態庫的依賴

     點擊工程，在Build Phases標籤的Link Binary With Libraries項中點擊加號添加UtilLib.a庫

     選中上面的紅色項，在右邊欄的Location選Relative to Project，把值設爲../libs/libUtilLib.a

     2.設置主工程依賴的外部頭文件路徑：User Header Search Paths項

     $(SRCROOT)/../include

     3.設置Header Search Paths爲：$(SRCROOT)/../include

     4.設置Library Search Paths爲：$(SRCROOT)/../libs

     編譯運行便可實現聯編

      

     (備註：選擇模擬器iphone 5.0 simulator，編譯靜態庫的時，最終文件會在Debug-iphonesimulator，就算成功.a文件仍是紅色，

     這是多是xcode的bug，不會自動切換路徑

     由於$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)所指的位置，是build/Debug-iphonesos,不是包含最終.a文件的Debug-iphonesimulator；

     選擇ios Device，編譯成的最終文件纔在build/Debug-iphonesos下，.a文件變成非紅色

     全部得用mergeArmSymbols.sh腳原本解決）