CSS三列布局

時間  2019-11-13
標籤 css 佈局 欄目 CSS 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

前面的話

　　前面已經介紹過單列定寬單列自適應和兩列自適應的兩列布局。本文介紹三列布局，分爲兩側定寬中間自適應、兩列定寬一側自適應、中間定寬兩側自適應、一側定寬兩列自適應和三列自適應這五種狀況css

 

兩側定寬中間自適應

思路一:  floathtml

【1】float + margin + calc瀏覽器

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.right{float: left;width: 100px;}
.center{float: left; width:calc(100% - 240px);margin: 0 20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>        
</div>

【2】float + margin + (fix)函數

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.right{position: relative;float: left;width: 100px;}
.centerWrap{float: left; width:100%; margin: 0 -100px;}
.center{margin: 0 120px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="centerWrap" style="background-color: red;">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
            <p>center</p>
        </div>        
    </div>
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路二: inline-block佈局

【1】inline-block + margin + calcflex

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{font-size: 0;}
.left,.right,.center{display:inline-block; vertical-align: top;font-size: 16px;}
.left,.right{width: 100px;}
.center{width: calc(100% - 240px); margin: 0 20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

【2】inline-block + margin + (fix)spa

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{font-size: 0;}
.left,.right,.centerWrap{display:inline-block; vertical-align: top;font-size: 16px;}
.left,.right{width: 100px;position:relative;}
.centerWrap{width: 100%; margin: 0 -100px;}
.center{margin: 0 120px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="centerWrap" style="background-color: orange;">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
            <p>center</p>
        </div>        
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路三: tablecode

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: table; width: 100%;table-layout: fixed;}
.left,.right,.centerWrap{display:table-cell;}
.left,.right{width: 100px;}
.center{margin: 0 20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="centerWrap" style="background-color: orange;">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
            <p>center</p>
        </div>        
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路四: absolutehtm

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{position: relative;height:40px;}
.left,.right,.center{position: absolute;}
.left{left: 0;width:100px;}
.right{right: 0;width: 100px;}
.center{left: 120px; right: 120px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路五: flexblog

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: flex;}
.left,.right{width: 100px;}
.center{flex: 1; margin: 0 20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路六: grid

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: grid;grid-template-columns:100px 1fr 100px; grid-gap:20px;}
</style>

 

兩列定寬一側自適應

　　這種佈局與單列定寬單列自適應佈局很是類似

思路一: float

【1】float + margin

　　缺點是IE6-瀏覽器的3px的bug，以及當自適應列中有元素清除浮動時，會使該元素不與左側浮動元素同行，從而出現文字下沉現象

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.center{float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{margin-left: 240px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

【2】float + margin + calc

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.center{float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{float: left; width: calc(100% - 240px);}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

【3】float + margin + (fix)

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.center{position: relative; float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.rightWrap{float: left; width: 100%; margin-left: -240px;}
.right{margin-left:240px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="rightWrap">
        <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
            <p>right</p>
            <p>right</p>
        </div>            
    </div>            
</div>

 【4】float + overflow

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.center{position: relative; float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{overflow: hidden;zoom:1;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                        
</div>

思路二: inline-block

【1】inline-block + margin + calc

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{font-size: 0;}
.left,.right,.center{display:inline-block; vertical-align: top;font-size: 16px;}
.left,.center{width: 100px;margin-right:20px;}
.right{width: calc(100% - 240px);}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                        
</div>

【2】inline-block + margin + (fix)

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{font-size: 0;}
.left,.rightWrap,.center{display:inline-block; vertical-align: top;font-size: 16px;}
.left,.center{position: relative;width: 100px;margin-right:20px;}
.rightWrap{width:100%; margin-left: -240px;}
.right{margin-left: 240px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="rightWrap" style="background-color: green;">
        <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
            <p>right</p>
            <p>right</p>
        </div>        
    </div>            
</div>

思路三: table

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: table; width: 100%;table-layout: fixed;}
.leftWrap,.centerWrap,.right{display:table-cell;}
.leftWrap,.centerWrap{width: 120px;}
.left,.center{margin-right: 20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="leftWrap">
        <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
            <p>left</p>
        </div>        
    </div>
    <div class="centerWrap">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
        </div>        
    </div>
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路四: absolute

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{position: relative;width:100%;height:40px;}
.left{position: absolute;left:0;width:100px;}
.center{position: absolute;left:120px;width: 100px;}
.right{position: absolute;left:240px; right:0;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路五: flex

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: flex;}
.left,.center{width:100px;margin-right:20px;}
.right{flex:1;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

思路六: grid

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: grid;grid-template-columns:100px 100px 1fr; grid-gap:20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

 

中間定寬兩側自適應佈局

思路一: float

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left{float: left;margin-right: 20px;}
.center{float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{overflow: hidden;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
        <p>left</p>
    </div>        
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路二: table

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: table; width: 100%;}
.leftWrap{display: table-cell; width: 0.1%;}
.centerWrap{display: table-cell;width: 120px;}
.left,.center{margin-right: 20px;}
.right{display:table-cell;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="leftWrap">
        <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
            <p>left</p>
            <p>left</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="centerWrap">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路三: flex

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: flex;}
.left{margin-right: 20px;}
.center{width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{flex: 1;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路四: grid

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: grid;grid-template-columns:auto 100px 1fr; grid-gap:20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

 

一側定寬兩列自適應

思路一: float

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left{float: left;width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.center{float: left;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{overflow: hidden;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路二: table

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: table; width: 100%;}
.leftWrap{display: table-cell; width: 120px;}
.centerWrap{display: table-cell;width: 0.1%;}
.left,.center{margin-right: 20px;}
.right{display:table-cell;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="leftWrap">
        <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
            <p>left</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="centerWrap">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
            <p>center</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路三: flex

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: flex;}
.left{width: 100px;margin-right: 20px;}
.center{margin-right: 20px;}
.right{flex: 1;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路四: grid

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: grid;grid-template-columns:100px auto 1fr; grid-gap:20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

 

三列自適應

思路一: float

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{overflow: hidden;}
.left,.center{float: left;margin-right: 20px;}
.right{overflow: hidden;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路二: table

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: table; width: 100%;}
.leftWrap,.centerWrap{display: table-cell;width: 0.1%;}
.left,.center{margin-right: 20px;}
.right{display:table-cell;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="leftWrap">
        <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
            <p>left</p>
            <p>left</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="centerWrap">
        <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
            <p>center</p>
            <p>center</p>
        </div>            
    </div>
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路三: flex

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: flex;}
.left,.center{margin-right: 20px;}
.right{flex: 1;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
        <p>left</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>            
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
        <p>right</p>
    </div>                    
</div>

思路四: grid

<style>
p{margin: 0;}
.parent{display: grid;grid-template-columns:auto auto 1fr; grid-gap:20px;}
</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;">
    <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;">
        <p>left</p>
    </div>    
    <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;">
        <p>center</p>
        <p>center</p>
    </div>                
    <div class="right"  style="background-color: lightgreen;">
        <p>right</p>
    </div>            
</div>

 

總結

　　三列布局相似於大號的兩列布局。不管是什麼佈局方式，無外乎須要應用float、inline-block、table、absolute、flex、grid這6種佈局屬性，而後再配合負margin、calc()函數、bfc、增長結構等來實現佈局

　　自適應包括兩種狀況：一種是寬度由內容撐開，一種是寬度自動撐滿父元素剩餘寬度

　　可實現寬度由內容撐開的屬性有： float、inline、inline-block、table、table-cell、absolute、fixed、flex、grid

　　可實現寬度自動撐滿父元素剩餘寬度的屬性有： overflow(配合float)、table、flex、grid

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索
每日一句
    每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
本站公眾號
   歡迎關注本站公眾號,獲取更多信息
聯繫我們 最近搜索 最新文章 沪ICP备13005482号-10 MyBatis教程 SQL 教程 MySQL教程 Java 教程 Thymeleaf 教程 Hibernate教程 Spring教程 Redis教程