Android 對程序異常崩潰的捕捉

轉載博客:http://blog.csdn.net/i_lovefish/article/details/17719081html

如下爲異常捕捉處理代碼:  
import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.io.PrintWriter;  
import java.io.StringWriter;  
import java.io.Writer;  
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;  
import java.lang.reflect.Field;  
import java.text.DateFormat;  
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;  
import java.util.Date;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Map;  
  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;  
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;  
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;  
import android.os.Build;  
import android.os.Environment;  
import android.os.Looper;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.widget.Toast;  
      
/**   
 * UncaughtException處理類,當程序發生Uncaught異常的時候,有該類來接管程序,並記錄發送錯誤報告.  
 *  
 *  須要在Application中註冊,爲了要在程序啓動器就監控整個程序。 
 */public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {      
          
    public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";      
          
    //系統默認的UncaughtException處理類       private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;      
    //CrashHandler實例      private static CrashHandler instance;  
   //程序的Context對象      private Context mContext;      
    //用來存儲設備信息和異常信息      private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();      
      
    //用於格式化日期,做爲日誌文件名的一部分      private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");      
      
    /** 保證只有一個CrashHandler實例 */private CrashHandler() {}      
      
    /** 獲取CrashHandler實例 ,單例模式 */public static CrashHandler getInstance() {      
        if(instance == null)  
            instance = new CrashHandler();     
        return instance;      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 初始化   
     */public void init(Context context) {      
        mContext = context;      
        //獲取系統默認的UncaughtException處理器      
        mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();      
        //設置該CrashHandler爲程序的默認處理器      
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 當UncaughtException發生時會轉入該函數來處理   
     */      
    @Override      
    public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {      
        if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {      
            //若是用戶沒有處理則讓系統默認的異常處理器來處理                  mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);      
        } else {      
            try {      
                Thread.sleep(3000);      
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);      
            }      
            //退出程序                  android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());      
            System.exit(1);      
        }      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 自定義錯誤處理,收集錯誤信息 發送錯誤報告等操做均在此完成.   
     *    
     * @param ex   
     * @return true:若是處理了該異常信息;不然返回false.   
     */private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {      
        if (ex == null) {      
            return false;      
        }      
        //收集設備參數信息               collectDeviceInfo(mContext);      
          
        //使用Toast來顯示異常信息      new Thread() {      
            @Override      
            public void run() {      
                Looper.prepare();      
                Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出現異常,即將退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      
                Looper.loop();      
            }      
        }.start();      
        //保存日誌文件               saveCatchInfo2File(ex);    
        return true;      
    }      
          
    /**   
     * 收集設備參數信息   
     * @param ctx   
     */public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {      
        try {      
            PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();      
            PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);      
            if (pi != null) {      
                String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;      
                String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";      
                infos.put("versionName", versionName);      
                infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);      
            }      
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {      
            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);      
        }      
        Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();      
        for (Field field : fields) {      
            try {      
                field.setAccessible(true);      
                infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());      
                Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));      
            } catch (Exception e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);      
            }      
        }      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 保存錯誤信息到文件中   
     *    
     * @param ex   
     * @return  返回文件名稱,便於將文件傳送到服務器   
     */private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {      
              
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();      
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {      
            String key = entry.getKey();      
            String value = entry.getValue();      
            sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");      
        }      
              
        Writer writer = new StringWriter();      
        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);      
        ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
        Throwable cause = ex.getCause();      
        while (cause != null) {      
            cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
            cause = cause.getCause();      
        }      
        printWriter.close();      
        String result = writer.toString();      
        sb.append(result);      
        try {      
            long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();      
            String time = formatter.format(new Date());      
            String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";      
            if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {      
                String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";      
                File dir = new File(path);      
                if (!dir.exists()) {      
                    dir.mkdirs();      
                }      
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);      
                fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());    
                //發送給開發人員  
                sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName);  
                fos.close();      
            }      
            return fileName;      
        } catch (Exception e) {      
            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);      
        }      
        return null;      
    }      
      
    /** 
     * 將捕獲的致使崩潰的錯誤信息發送給開發人員 
     *  
     * 目前只將log日誌保存在sdcard 和輸出到LogCat中,並未發送給後臺。 
     */private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){  
        if(!new File(fileName).exists()){  
            Toast.makeText(mContext, "日誌文件不存在!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
            return;  
        }  
        FileInputStream fis = null;  
        BufferedReader reader = null;  
        String s = null;  
        try {  
            fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);  
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));  
            while(true){  
                s = reader.readLine();  
                if(s == null) break;  
                //因爲目前還沒有肯定以何種方式發送,因此先打出log日誌。  
                Log.i("info", s.toString());  
            }  
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{   // 關閉流  try {  
                reader.close();  
                fis.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}

針對異常的捕捉要進行全局監控整個項目,因此要將其在Application中註冊(也就是初始化):java

import android.app.Application;  
  
public class CrashApplication extends Application {  
  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate() {  
        super.onCreate();  
        CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();  
        catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext());  
    }  
}

如今模擬一個空指針異常:android

import android.app.Activity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
  
public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity {  
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */private String s;  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  
        System.out.println(s.equals("hello"));  // s沒有進行賦值,因此會出現NullPointException異常      }  
}

別忘了在配置文件中對Application進行註冊:服務器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    package="com.forms.catchlog"  
    android:versionCode="1"  
    android:versionName="1.0" >  
  
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />  
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>  
      
  
    <application  
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"  
        android:label="@string/app_name"   
        <span style="color:#ff0000;">android:name=".CrashApplication"></span>  
        <activity  
            android:label="@string/app_name"  
            android:name=".CatchExceptionLogActivity" >  
            <intent-filter >  
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
  
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
            </intent-filter>  
        </activity>  
    </application>  
  
</manifest>
添加異常捕獲以後的日誌提示

因爲Android設備各異,第三方定製的Android系統也很是多,咱們不可能對全部的設備場景都進行測試,於是開發一款徹底無bug的應用幾乎是不可能的任務,那麼當應用在用戶的設備上Force Close時,咱們是否是能夠捕獲這個錯誤,記錄用戶的設備信息,而後讓用戶選擇是否反饋這些堆棧信息,經過這種bug反饋方式,咱們能夠有針對性地對bug進行修復。app

當咱們的的應用因爲運行時異常致使Force Close的時候,能夠設置主線程的UncaughtExceptionHandler,實現捕獲運行時異常的堆棧信息。同時用戶能夠把堆棧信息經過發送郵件的方式反饋給咱們。下面是實現的代碼:ide

代碼下載請按此函數

例子:點擊按鈕後,會觸發一個NullPointerException的運行時異常,這個例子實現了捕獲運行時異常,發送郵件反饋設備和堆棧信息的功能。oop

界面1(觸發運行時異常)測試

  

界面2(發送堆棧信息)ui

  

TestActivity.java
package com.zhuozhuo; 
 
import java.io.PrintWriter; 
import java.io.StringWriter; 
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.net.Uri; 
import android.os.Build; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
import android.widget.EditText; 
import android.widget.TextView; 
 
public class TestActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
 
 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new UncaughtExceptionHandler() {//給主線程設置一個處理運行時異常的handler  
            @Override 
            public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, final Throwable ex) { 
 
                StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); 
                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw); 
                ex.printStackTrace(pw); 
                 
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
                 
                sb.append("Version code is "); 
                sb.append(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT + "\n");//設備的Android版本號 
                sb.append("Model is "); 
                sb.append(Build.MODEL+"\n");//設備型號                 sb.append(sw.toString()); 
 
                Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO); 
                sendIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:csdn@csdn.com"));//發送郵件異常到csdn@csdn.com郵箱 
                sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "bug report");//郵件主題 
                sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, sb.toString());//堆棧信息                 startActivity(sendIntent); 
                finish(); 
            } 
        }); 
         
        findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { 
             
            @Override 
            public void onClick(View v) { 
                Integer a = null; 
                a.toString();//觸發nullpointer運行時錯誤                  
            } 
        }); 
         
    } 
} 
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"> 
    <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> 
    <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent" 
        android:text="點擊按鈕觸發運行時異常" android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="top"></EditText> 
    <Button android:text="按鈕" android:id="@+id/button" 
        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"></Button> 
</LinearLayout> 

 

08-01 17:25:10.273 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS=[Ljava.lang.String;@392c43ac
08-01 17:25:10.274 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: versionCode=1                    非用戶可見版本號
08-01 17:25:10.274 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: BOARD=m3note                     手機型號
08-01 17:25:10.275 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: BOOTLOADER=unknown               引導程序=未知的
08-01 17:25:10.275 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: TYPE=user                        類型=用戶
08-01 17:25:10.275 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: ID=LMY47I                        ID
08-01 17:25:10.275 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: TIME=1466191121000               時間
08-01 17:25:10.275 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: BRAND=Meizu                      手機品牌
08-01 17:25:10.276 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: TAG=Build
08-01 17:25:10.276 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: SERIAL=91QECP43FK5Q              手機序列號
08-01 17:25:10.276 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: HARDWARE=mt6755
08-01 17:25:10.276 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: SUPPORTED_ABIS=[Ljava.lang.String;@177f6875
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: CPU_ABI=arm64-v8a
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: RADIO=unknown
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: IS_DEBUGGABLE=false               是否可調試
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: MANUFACTURER=Meizu                製造商
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS=[Ljava.lang.String;@3c593d5f
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: TAGS=release-keys
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: CPU_ABI2=
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: UNKNOWN=unknown
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: USER=flyme                         用戶
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: FINGERPRINT=Meizu/meizu_m3note/m3note:5.1/LMY47I/1466190928:user/release-keys
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: HOST=mz-builder-8
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: PRODUCT=m3note
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: versionName=1.0                    用戶可見的版本號
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: DISPLAY=Flyme 5.1.3.4A             手機系統版本號
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: MODEL=m3 note                      手機型號
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: DEVICE=m3note                      設備
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info: java.lang.ClassCastException: android.widget.TextView cannot be cast to android.widget.Button    錯誤日誌
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at com.errey.Main2Activity.onClick(Main2Activity.java:24)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:4909)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:20390)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:821)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:104)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:194)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5742)
08-01 17:25:10.277 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
08-01 17:25:10.278 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
08-01 17:25:10.278 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1104)
08-01 17:25:10.278 25744-25744/com.errey I/info:     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:870)



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