狀語從句

狀語從句重點是掌握鏈接詞便可翻譯句子，掌握引導九類狀語從句的有關鏈接詞的用法特色和意義是學習狀語從句的關鍵，只有記住鏈接詞就可以識別是何種狀語從句，從而正確分析句子的結構並理解句子的意思。

時間狀語從句：

when至關於at the time(在......時刻)
1、主句通常過去時+從句通常過去時
i started my dinner when he left 他走以後，我纔開始吃晚飯
2、主句通常過去時+從句過去完成時
i started my dineer when he had left
1、二兩句意思區別不大，兩句都表示從句動做先發生，但從句過去完成時更增強調了從句動做先發生。

下面這種和主句、從句沒有關係，只與動做長短有關係，短暫動做用通常過去時，延續動做用過去進行時：
一、主句通常過去時+從句過去進行時 (during the time 當......時候)
the doorbell rang when i was telephoning。 門鈴響的時候，我正在打電話
短暫動做rang用通常過去時，延續動做用過去進行時。
二、主句過去進行時+從句通常過去時 (at the time正在那時(在......時刻))
i was telephoning when the doorbell rang。 我當時正在打電話，忽然門鈴響了
when + 短暫動做忽然發生時，能夠加suddenly。
i was telephoning when suddenly the doorbell rang。

1)i was telephoning Harry when she arrived
2)i telephoned Harry when she arrived
只有主句時態不一樣，2句強調從句動做先發生，1句強調主句是一個持續動做。

三、主句通常未來時+從句通常如今時
表示未來動做，從句通常如今時表示未來
i'ii speak to him when he arrvies
when還有用法看過去進行時學習筆記

while 意思至關於during that time(在...期間)，從句謂語動詞接延續動詞
when 既能夠表示at that time(在...時刻，謂語短暫動詞)，也能夠表示during that time(在...期間,謂語延續動詞)

until

until本質思惟是表示「一個（主句）動做一直持續到某一個時間點」
until前面的主句或句子的謂語必須是延續性的，until後接的從句謂語須是短暫動詞或時間點
也就是：連詞：主句延續動詞+until+從句短暫動詞
介詞：延續動詞+until+時間點
wait until he comes back
i will be away from my office until next Tuesday (作介詞)
若主句謂語是短暫動詞，則要用否認形式，not......until

一......就結構
有一些時間連詞表達主句的動做和從句的動做相繼發生，二者之間時間間隔不長，主句從句都用短暫動詞。
從句動做先於主句動做發生:
關係連詞有：as soon as,once,the minute,the moment,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly等
表示未來時，從句用通常如今時表未來，主句用通常未來時
we will leave as soon as it stops raining
表示過去的動做，主句和從句都用通常過去時
it began to rain as soon as i arrived home

其它連詞例句：
it began to rain immediately i arrived home
don't trust those who leave their friends the moment they get into difficulty

主句動做先於從句動做
表示這一時間關係的連詞有：hardly...when,scarcely...when和no sooner...than,通常多用來表示過去的動做，主句多用過去完成時，且常倒裝，從句用通常過去時。可與as soon as等從句、主句互換。
no sooner had i arrive home than it began to rain
it began to rain as soon as i arrived home
no sooner had the storm started than all the lights went out
hardly had i arrived home when it began to rain
scarcely had i started to type my paper when the tlephone rang

地點狀語從句

由where引導，錶殼主句的動做發生的場所，where+陳述句

緣由狀語從句

緣由狀語從句有四個連詞：because,for,as,since
because語氣最強，只有它才能用來回答why的問句，引出的緣由通常是聽話人所不知道或最感興趣的，只有because才能被強調詞如only,just或perhaps等來修飾
my friends dislike me because i'm handsome and successful

連詞since表示人們已知的事情，是不需強調的緣由，因此學譯爲「既然」，一般放在句首
since you are an english major,i guess you can help me with this sentence
既然你是學英語專業的，我猜測你能幫我解決這個句子

as與since用法差很少，表示說話人看來理由已經很明顯，不須要用because強調
as monday is a national holiday,all govenment offices will be closed
因爲週一是法定假日，全部政府機關都將休息

for表示推斷的理由，對前面分句的內容加以解釋或說明
it rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning
昨晚下雨了，由於今天早上地都溼了

as和for引導的主、從句，兩者處於平等位置
because引導的從句顯得比主句重要，強調緣由
since引導的從句顯得次要，而主句重要，以說明將要作什麼事

介詞表示因果關係：
because of ,due to,owing to 後面接名詞，不能接從句

目的狀語從句

連詞有：so that,in order that,that
從句中常含may might can could等情態動詞
in order that意爲「以便」
i truned off the tv in order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet
so that 意爲「以便」
when i was a child,i would take a flashlight to bed with me so that i could read comic books without my parents' knowing about it
其它例句：
we climbed high (so) that we might get a better view
目的狀語從句通常在主句以後，如需強調目的狀語從句，則將其置於句首
in order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet,i turned off the tv

結果狀語從句

連詞：so...that和such...that
從句都放在主句以後
so...that，so後面接形容詞或副詞
the food in our school canteen is so bad that flies go there to lose weight
such...that，such後面接名詞
he is such a good teacher that everyone like him
爲了強調能夠將主句中的so,such引導的部分置於句首從而構成倒裝結構
so fast does light gravel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed
正常語序：ligfht travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed
so terrible was the storm that the foofs were all ripped off
正常語序：the strom was so terrible that the roofs were all ripped off
such a fool was he that he believed her
he was such a fool that he believed her

條件狀語從句（真實條件句）

常見連詞：if(若是),unless（除非、若是不）
其餘條件狀語從句連詞：
suppose (that),supposing (that),providing/provided(that),so long as,as long as,on condition that等

讓步狀語從句

連詞:though,although,even though,even if,此時，主句前不可用but，但可用yet或still
although he tried hard,yet/still he failed.
though he was inexperienced,he did a very good job
表讓步介詞despite,in spite of,for all
in spite of his inexperience,he did a very good job
inspite of his being inexperienced,he did a very good job

while位於句首，通常意爲「儘管」，引導讓步狀語從句。

as引導的倒裝句表示讓步

一、形容詞置句首
young as he is,he is knowledgeable 他雖然年輕，但知識淵博
二、副詞置句首
much as i respect him,i can not agree with him 雖然我很是尊重他，可是我仍舊不一樣意他的意見
again as he failed in doing this experiment,he didn't lose his heart 儘管他的試驗再次失敗了，可是他並不灰心
三、名詞置句着
child as he is,he is knowledgeable
lazy a boy as he is,he is kind to help others (名詞短語)
以上句型中的as可用that,though代替，但較少這樣使用，不能夠用although

關於介詞和連詞的進一步說明：
介詞後面能夠接名詞、名詞短語、動名詞或what引導的從句
連詞後面能夠接完整的陳述句、形容詞（至關於省略句）、分詞（至關於省略句）等

比較狀語從句

連詞as用法
as...as結構前一個as是一個副詞，後一個as纔是比較狀語從句的連詞
一、as+形容詞或副詞+as
the work is not as difficult as you think
二、as+形容詞+a(n)+可數句詞單數+as
前一個as作副詞修飾一個形容詞，而這個形容詞同時又修飾一個名詞。注意不定冠詞在形容詞以前
Americans tend to think from small to large.let us take as simple an example as the addressing of envelopes
rarely has a technological development had as great an impact on so many aspects of social,econmic,and cultural development as the growth of electronics.
三、否認句中第一個as可用so代替
this room is not so large as the one we saw
四、爲了保持句子平衡，從句還能夠用倒裝結構，此時結構是as...as+助動詞+主語
small as it is,the ant is as much a creature as are all other animals on the earth
the computer revolution may well change society as fundamentally as did the industrial revolution

連詞than用法
一、兩個同類事物才能夠比較，不是同類事物沒法比較
he is taller than i (am)
the weather of the South is wetther than the North. 錯誤
the weather fo South和the North是兩個大相徑庭的事物，沒法比較，只能用南方的天氣和北方的天氣這兩個同類事物才能比較
二、主句中必須有比較級形式出現
there are few electronic applications more likely to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than rebots3
３、爲保持句子平衡，從句能夠所有或部分倒裝
結構以下：than+助動詞＋主語
On the whole,ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition
Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics "have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks"
Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because,as marine animals,they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion

表示倍數比較三種句型結構
表示倍數關係的連詞：time和twice
1.「倍數+比較級」結構：A is three times bigger(或其餘形容詞的比較級) than B
2.「倍數+as...as」結構：A is three times as big(或其餘形容詞原級) as B
3.「倍數+名詞「結構：A is three times the size(或其餘形容詞對應的名詞形式) of B

the more...,the more句型結構
表示「越...,越...」,將分句中的某個成分變爲比較級以後提到句首，這個比較級部分必須是各自的分句中充當必定的成分。

1句中錯誤，比較級部分沒有在句中充當成分。
2句正確比較級部分在句中作狀語。
3句中比較級部分在分句中充當表語，至關於your words are more exact;it is easier for people to understand you。
4句中比較級部分在分句中充當賓語，也是正確的。
前半部分爲從句，後半部分是主句，這就是爲何前半句經常使用通常如今時態，後半句用通常未來時態，相似其餘狀語從句「主句用未來時，從句用通常如今時」的規則，別外，翻譯成漢語時，通常先譯從句，後譯主句。

方式狀語從句

連詞：as,like,as if,as though,the way等
When in Rome,do as the Romans do 入鄉隨俗
Do it the way you were taught 按照教給你的那樣作
He looks as though/as if he is an actor 他看上去像一個演員

like用法，這段話很經典： Work like you don't need the money. Love like you've never been hurt. Dance like nobody's watching. Sing like nobody's listening. Live like it's heaven on earth. 去工做吧，猶如你不須要金錢。 去愛吧，猶如你從不曾被傷害過。 去舞蹈吧，猶如無人在一旁觀看。 去歌唱吧，猶如無人在一邊諦聽。 熱愛生活吧，猶如這裏是人間樂土。