在以前的幾篇security教程中,資源和所對應的權限都是在xml中進行配置的,也就在http標籤中配置intercept-url,試想要是配置的對象很少,那還好,可是日常實際開發中都每每是很是多的資源和權限對應,並且寫在配置文件裏面寫改起來還得該源碼配置文件,這顯然是很差的。所以接下來,將用數據庫管理資源和權限的對應關係。數據庫仍是接着以前的,用mysql數據庫,所以也不用另外引入額外的jar包。
數據庫要提供給security的數據無非就是,資源(說的通俗點就是範圍資源地址)和對應的權限,這裏就有兩張表,可是由於他們倆是多對多的關係,所以還要設計一張讓這兩張表關聯起來的表,除此以外,還有一張用戶表,有由於用戶和角色也是多對多的關係,還要額外加一張用戶和角色關聯的表。這樣總共下來就是五張表。下面就是對應的模型圖:java
建表和添加數據的sql語句:mysql
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `resc`; CREATE TABLE `resc` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `res_type` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `res_string` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL, `descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of resc -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('1', '', 'URL', '/adminPage.jsp', '管理員頁面'); INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('2', '', 'URL', '/index.jsp', ''); INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('3', null, 'URL', '/test.jsp', '測試頁面'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for resc_role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `resc_role`; CREATE TABLE `resc_role` ( `resc_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`resc_id`,`role_id`), KEY `fk_resc_role_role` (`role_id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_resc_role_role` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_resc_role_resc` FOREIGN KEY (`resc_id`) REFERENCES `resc` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of resc_role -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('1', '1'); INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('2', '1'); INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('2', '2'); INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('3', '3'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`; CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of role -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('1', 'ROLE_ADMIN', '管理員角色'); INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('2', 'ROLE_USER', '用戶角色'); INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('3', 'ROLE_TEST', '測試角色'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_c3p0 -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_c3p0`; CREATE TABLE `t_c3p0` ( `a` char(1) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of t_c3p0 -- ---------------------------- -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for user -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `status` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', 'admin', 'admin', '1', '管理員'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'user', 'user', '1', '用戶'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', 'test', 'test', '1', '測試'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for user_role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`; CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`), KEY `fk_user_role_role` (`role_id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_user_role_role` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_user_role_user` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user_role -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('1', '1'); INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('1', '2'); INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('2', '2'); INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('3', '3');
user表中包含用戶登錄信息,role角色表中包含受權信息,resc資源表中包含須要保護的資源。web
Spring Security須要的數據無非就是pattern和access相似鍵值對的數據,就像配置文件中寫的那樣:spring
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY" />1 <intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" /> <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
其實當項目啓動時,Spring Security所作的就是在系統初始化時,將以上XML中的信息轉換爲特定的數據格式,而框架中其餘組件能夠利用這些特定格式的數據,用於控制以後的驗證操做。如今咱們將這些信息存儲在數據庫中,所以就要想辦法從數據庫中查詢這些數據,因此根據security數據的須要,只須要以下sql語句就能夠:sql
select re.res_string,r.name from role r,resc re,resc_role rr where r.id=rr.role_id and re.id=rr.resc_id
在數據中執行這條語句作測試,獲得以下結果:數據庫
這樣的格式正是security所須要的數據。segmentfault
雖然上述的數據符合security的須要,可是security將這種數據類型進行了封裝,把它封裝成 Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> 這樣的類型,其中 RequestMatcher 接口就是咱們數據庫中的 res_string ,其實現類爲 AntPathRequestMatcher,構建一個這樣的對象只要在new的時候傳入res_string就能夠了,Collection<ConfigAttribute>這裏對象構建起來就也是相似的,構建一個ConfigAttribute對象只須要在其實現類SecurityConfig建立的時候傳入角色的名字就能夠。代碼以下:緩存
/** * @classname JdbcRequestMapBulider * @author ZMC * @time 2017-1-10 * 查詢資源和角色,並構建RequestMap */ public class JdbcRequestMapBulider extends JdbcDaoSupport{ //查詢資源和權限關係的sql語句 private String resourceQuery = ""; public String getResourceQuery() { return resourceQuery; } //查詢資源 public List<Resource> findResources() { ResourceMapping resourceMapping = new ResourceMapping(getDataSource(), resourceQuery); return resourceMapping.execute(); } //拼接RequestMap public LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> buildRequestMap() { LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> requestMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(); List<Resource> resourceList = this.findResources(); for (Resource resource : resourceList) { RequestMatcher requestMatcher = this.getRequestMatcher(resource.getUrl()); List<ConfigAttribute> list = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>(); list.add(new SecurityConfig(resource.getRole())); requestMap.put(requestMatcher, list); } return requestMap; } //經過一個字符串地址構建一個AntPathRequestMatcher對象 protected RequestMatcher getRequestMatcher(String url) { return new AntPathRequestMatcher(url); } public void setResourceQuery(String resourceQuery) { this.resourceQuery = resourceQuery; } /** * @classname Resource * @author ZMC * @time 2017-1-10 * 資源內部類 */ private class Resource { private String url;//資源訪問的地址 private String role;//所須要的權限 public Resource(String url, String role) { this.url = url; this.role = role; } public String getUrl() { return url; } public String getRole() { return role; } } private class ResourceMapping extends MappingSqlQuery { protected ResourceMapping(DataSource dataSource, String resourceQuery) { super(dataSource, resourceQuery); compile(); } //對結果集進行封裝處理 protected Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rownum) throws SQLException { String url = rs.getString(1); String role = rs.getString(2); Resource resource = new Resource(url, role); return resource; } } }
說明:
resourceQuery是查詢數據的sql語句,該屬性在配置bean的時候傳入便可。服務器
內部建立了一個resource來封裝數據。微信
getRequestMatcher方法就是用來建立RequestMatcher對象的
buildRequestMap方法用來最後拼接成LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>共security使用。
在將這部以前,先得了解大概下security的運行過程,security實現控制的功能其實就是經過一系列的攔截器來實現的,當用戶登錄的時候,會被AuthenticationProcessingFilter攔截,調用AuthenticationManager的實現類,同時AuthenticationManager會調用ProviderManager來獲取用戶驗證信息,其中不一樣的Provider調用的服務不一樣,由於這些信息能夠是在數據庫上,能夠是在LDAP服務器上,能夠是xml配置文件上等,這個例子中就是爲數據庫;若是驗證經過後會將用戶的權限信息放到spring的全局緩存SecurityContextHolder中,以備後面訪問資源時使用。當訪問資源,訪問url時,會經過AbstractSecurityInterceptor攔截器攔截,其中會調用FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的方法來獲取被攔截url所需的所有權限,其中FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的經常使用的實現類爲DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource,這個類中有個很關鍵的東西就是requestMap,也就是咱們上面所獲得的數據,在調用受權管理器AccessDecisionManager,這個受權管理器會經過spring的全局緩存SecurityContextHolder獲取用戶的權限信息,還會獲取被攔截的url和被攔截url所需的所有權限,而後根據所配的策略,若是權限足夠,則返回,權限不夠則報錯並調用權限不足頁面。
根據源碼debug跟蹤得出,其實資源權限關係就放在DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的requestMap,中的,這個requestMap就是咱們JdbcRequestMapBulider.buildRequestMap()方法所須要的數據類型,所以,順氣天然就想到了咱們自定義一個類繼承FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource接口,將數據查出的數據放到requestMap中去。制定類MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource繼承FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource和InitializingBean接口。
/** * @classname MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource * @author ZMC * @time 2017-1-10 */ public class MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource, InitializingBean { private final static List<ConfigAttribute> NULL_CONFIG_ATTRIBUTE = null; // 資源權限集合 private Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> requestMap; //查找數據庫權限和資源關係 private JdbcRequestMapBulider builder; /* * (non-Javadoc) * @see * org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource#getAttributes * (java.lang.Object) * 更具訪問資源的地址查找所須要的權限 */ @Override public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException { final HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object) .getRequest(); Collection<ConfigAttribute> attrs = NULL_CONFIG_ATTRIBUTE; for (Map.Entry<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> entry : requestMap .entrySet()) { if (entry.getKey().matches(request)) { attrs = entry.getValue(); break; } } return attrs; } /* * (non-Javadoc) * * @see org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource# * getAllConfigAttributes() * 獲取全部的權限 */ @Override public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() { Set<ConfigAttribute> allAttributes = new HashSet<ConfigAttribute>(); for (Map.Entry<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> entry : requestMap .entrySet()) { allAttributes.addAll(entry.getValue()); } System.out.println("總共有這些權限:"+allAttributes.toString()); return allAttributes; } /* * (non-Javadoc) * * @see * org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource#supports(java * .lang.Class) */ @Override public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) { return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz); } //綁定requestMap protected Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> bindRequestMap() { return builder.buildRequestMap(); } /* * (non-Javadoc) * * @see * org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet() */ @Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { this.requestMap = this.bindRequestMap(); } public void refreshResuorceMap() { this.requestMap = this.bindRequestMap(); } //get方法 public JdbcRequestMapBulider getBuilder() { return builder; } //set方法 public void setBuilder(JdbcRequestMapBulider builder) { this.builder = builder; } }
說明:
requestMap這個屬性就是用來存放資源權限的集合
builder爲JdbcRequestMapBulider類型,用來查找數據庫權限和資源關係
其餘的代碼中都有詳細的註釋
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd"> <http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"></http> <http auto-config="false"> <form-login login-page="/login.jsp" default-target-url="/index.jsp" authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" /> <logout invalidate-session="true" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" logout-url="/j_spring_security_logout" /> <!-- 經過配置custom-filter來增長過濾器,before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"表示在SpringSecurity默認的過濾器以前執行。 --> <custom-filter ref="filterSecurityInterceptor" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR" /> </http> <!-- 數據源 --> <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 此爲c3p0在spring中直接配置datasource c3p0是一個開源的JDBC鏈接池 --> <beans:property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <beans:property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecuritydemo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <beans:property name="user" value="root" /> <beans:property name="password" value="" /> <beans:property name="maxPoolSize" value="50"></beans:property> <beans:property name="minPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property> <beans:property name="initialPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property> <beans:property name="maxIdleTime" value="25000"></beans:property> <beans:property name="acquireIncrement" value="1"></beans:property> <beans:property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30"></beans:property> <beans:property name="acquireRetryDelay" value="1000"></beans:property> <beans:property name="testConnectionOnCheckin" value="true"></beans:property> <beans:property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="18000"></beans:property> <beans:property name="checkoutTimeout" value="5000"></beans:property> <beans:property name="automaticTestTable" value="t_c3p0"></beans:property> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="builder" class="com.zmc.demo.JdbcRequestMapBulider"> <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <beans:property name="resourceQuery" value="select re.res_string,r.name from role r,resc re,resc_role rr where r.id=rr.role_id and re.id=rr.resc_id" /> </beans:bean> <!-- 認證過濾器 --> <beans:bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor" class="org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor"> <!-- 用戶擁有的權限 --> <beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager" /> <!-- 用戶是否擁有所請求資源的權限 --> <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager" /> <!-- 資源與權限對應關係 --> <beans:property name="securityMetadataSource" ref="securityMetadataSource" /> </beans:bean> <!-- 受權管理器 --> <beans:bean class="com.zmc.demo.MyAccessDecisionManager" id="accessDecisionManager"> </beans:bean> <!--認證管理--> <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager"> <authentication-provider> <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource" id="usersService" users-by-username-query="select username,password,status as enabled from user where username = ?" authorities-by-username-query="select user.username,role.name from user,role,user_role where user.id=user_role.user_id and user_role.role_id=role.id and user.username=?" /> </authentication-provider> </authentication-manager> <!--自定義的切入點--> <beans:bean id="securityMetadataSource" class="com.zmc.demo.MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource"> <beans:property name="builder" ref="builder"></beans:property> </beans:bean> </beans:beans>
說明
是自定義的MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource,authenticationManager這裏尚未定義,所以再建立一個類叫MyAccessDecisionManager,代碼以下:
/** * @classname MyAccessDecisionManager * @author ZMC * @time 2017-1-10 * */ public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager { /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager#decide(org.springframework.security.core.Authentication, java.lang.Object, java.util.Collection) * 該方法決定該權限是否有權限訪問該資源,其實object就是一個資源的地址,authentication是當前用戶的 * 對應權限,若是沒登錄就爲遊客,登錄了就是該用戶對應的權限 */ @Override public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException { if(configAttributes == null) { return; } //所請求的資源擁有的權限(一個資源對多個權限) Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iterator = configAttributes.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { ConfigAttribute configAttribute = iterator.next(); //訪問所請求資源所須要的權限 String needPermission = configAttribute.getAttribute(); System.out.println("訪問"+object.toString()+"須要的權限是:" + needPermission); //用戶所擁有的權限authentication Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities(); for(GrantedAuthority ga : authorities) { if(needPermission.equals(ga.getAuthority())) { return; } } } //沒有權限 throw new AccessDeniedException(" 沒有權限訪問! "); } @Override public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return true; } @Override public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return true; } }
用戶對應的角色,和角色能訪問的資源
admin能訪問的頁面有adminPage.jsp、index.jsp;user能訪問的有index.jsp;test能訪問的有test.jsp。
先測試admin用戶:
user用戶測試:
test用戶測試:
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