Spring Security教程(二)

時間 2019-12-29

原文原文鏈接

上一篇博客中，Spring Security教程(一)，我把用戶信息和權限信息放到了xml文件中，這是爲了演示如何使用最小的配置就能夠使用Spring Security，而實際開發中，用戶信息和權限信息一般是被保存在數據庫中的，爲此Spring Security也提供了經過數據庫得到用戶權限信息的方式。本教程將講解使用數據庫管理用戶權限。java

一引入相關的jar包

這個例子用的是mysql數據庫和c3p0開源的jdbc鏈接池，在項目的pom.xml中引入jar包mysql

<!-- Mysql -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
<!-- Mysql -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

二定義數據源

在applicationContext.xml中定義c3p0的數據源，配置以下：spring

<!-- 數據源 -->
    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <!-- 此爲c3p0在spring中直接配置datasource c3p0是一個開源的JDBC鏈接池 -->
        <beans:property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <beans:property name="jdbcUrl"
            value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecuritydemo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
        <beans:property name="user" value="root" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="" />
        <beans:property name="maxPoolSize" value="50"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="minPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="initialPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="maxIdleTime" value="25000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireIncrement" value="1"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireRetryDelay" value="1000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="testConnectionOnCheckin" value="true"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="18000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="checkoutTimeout" value="5000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="automaticTestTable" value="t_c3p0"></beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

由於本教程主要將spring security，數據源相關的配置就不在這裏贅述了，請自行搜索。sql

三修改配置文件

爲了從數據庫中獲取用戶權限信息，咱們所須要的僅僅是修改配置文件中的authentication-provider部分。修改後以下：數據庫

<authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"/>
        </authentication-provider>
    </authentication-manager>

配置文件到這部就算修改完畢了，最終配置文件以下：微信

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
    <http auto-config='true'>
        <intercept-url pattern="/adminPage.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />
        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
    </http>
    <!-- 數據源 -->
    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <!-- 此爲c3p0在spring中直接配置datasource c3p0是一個開源的JDBC鏈接池 -->
        <beans:property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <beans:property name="jdbcUrl"
            value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecuritydemo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
        <beans:property name="user" value="root" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="" />
        <beans:property name="maxPoolSize" value="50"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="minPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="initialPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="maxIdleTime" value="25000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireIncrement" value="1"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="acquireRetryDelay" value="1000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="testConnectionOnCheckin" value="true"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="18000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="checkoutTimeout" value="5000"></beans:property>
        <beans:property name="automaticTestTable" value="t_c3p0"></beans:property>
    </beans:bean>
    <!-- 默認數據庫對用戶進行存儲 -->
    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"/>
        </authentication-provider>
    </authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

四在mysql數據庫中新建表和插入數據

Spring Security默認狀況下須要兩張表，用戶表和權限表。如下是mysql中的建表語句：app

create table users(
    username varchar(50) not null primary key,
    password varchar(50) not null,
    enabled boolean not null
);

create table authorities (
    username varchar(50) not null,
    authority varchar(50) not null,
    constraint fk_authorities_users foreign key(username) references users(username)
);

create unique index ix_auth_username on authorities (username,authority);
-- 插入數據語句：

insert into users(username,password,enabled) values('admin','admin',true);
insert into users(username,password,enabled) values('user','user',true);

insert into authorities(username,authority) values('admin','ROLE_ADMIN');
insert into authorities(username,authority) values('admin','ROLE_USER');
insert into authorities(username,authority) values('user','ROLE_USER');

上述sql中，咱們建立了兩個用戶admin和user，其中admin擁有ROLE_ADMIN和ROLE_USER權限，而user只擁有ROLE_USER權限。這和咱們上一章中的配置相同，所以本章實例的效果也和上一節徹底相同，這裏就再也不贅述了。jsp

結果請參考教程一的結果ide

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