經過 Laradock 學 Docker —— 配置篇

前言

衆所周知docker www.docker.com 是當前最火熱的容器引擎,由於沙盒特性,即插即用和快速方便的部署能力受到廣大用戶的喜好。php

docker 一般有兩種執行方式,一種是直接經過命令行加參數拉取、運行容器,但由於用戶的實際應用是複雜的,可能由多個容器組成,容器間存在關係,使用上可能須要重複屢次部署。所以,須要必定的編排部署能力來簡化這個操做。html

另外一種方式就是今天咱們介紹的,經過編排文件部署的方式,也就是 compose 方式運行容器。Compose 運行須要有對應的 yml 文件以及 Dockerfile。經過調用 Docker/Swarm 的 API 進行容器應用的編排。node

「laradock」laradock.io/ 就是一個利用 Compose 方式運行容器,功能完整的 PHP 集成研發環境。linux

環境依賴

  • Git
  • Docker >= 1.12

安裝

安裝 Docker

你們能夠去官網store.docker.com/search?type…,或者國內的服務提供商(如「Daocloud」download.daocloud.io/)下載相應操做系統的安裝文件(或者在線安裝),這裏就很少敘述了。nginx

若是是 linux 系統的話,安裝完 docker,還須要單獨安裝 docker-compose。laravel

安裝 Laradock

1. 用 Git 克隆下源碼git

git clone https://github.com/laradock/laradock.gitgithub

2. 編輯配置文件chrome

cp env-example .envdocker

打開.env文件,修改公共變量 APPLICATION 的路徑,默認路徑是

APPLICATION=../

咱們能夠根據須要作相應修改,通常狀況下,咱們的主機上會有一個或多個項目,這樣的話作以下設置:

APPLICATION=../www/

這是什麼意思呢,咱們來看下docker-compose.dev.yml文件

version: "2"

services:

### Applications Code Container #############################

 applications:
 volumes:
 - ${APPLICATION}:/var/www
複製代碼

咱們看到咱們配置了一個容器 applications,它映射了一個數據卷,把本地的 www 目錄,映射到了容器內的 /var/www 目錄

3. 查看相關編排文件配置

version: '2'

services:

### Applications Code Container #############################

    applications:
      image: tianon/true

### Workspace Utilities Container ###########################

    workspace:
      build:
        context: ./workspace
        args:
          - INSTALL_XDEBUG=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_XDEBUG}
          - INSTALL_BLACKFIRE=${INSTALL_BLACKFIRE}
          - INSTALL_SOAP=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_SOAP}
          - INSTALL_LDAP=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_LDAP}
          - INSTALL_IMAP=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_IMAP}
          - INSTALL_MONGO=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_MONGO}
          - INSTALL_AMQP=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_AMQP}
          - INSTALL_PHPREDIS=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_PHPREDIS}
          - INSTALL_MSSQL=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_MSSQL}
          - INSTALL_NODE=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_NODE}
          - INSTALL_YARN=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_YARN}
          - INSTALL_DRUSH=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_DRUSH}
          - INSTALL_DRUPAL_CONSOLE=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_DRUPAL_CONSOLE}
          - INSTALL_AEROSPIKE=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_AEROSPIKE}
          - INSTALL_V8JS=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_V8JS}
          - COMPOSER_GLOBAL_INSTALL=${WORKSPACE_COMPOSER_GLOBAL_INSTALL}
          - INSTALL_WORKSPACE_SSH=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_WORKSPACE_SSH}
          - INSTALL_LARAVEL_ENVOY=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_LARAVEL_ENVOY}
          - INSTALL_LARAVEL_INSTALLER=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_LARAVEL_INSTALLER}
          - INSTALL_DEPLOYER=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_DEPLOYER}
          - INSTALL_LINUXBREW=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_LINUXBREW}
          - INSTALL_MC=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_MC}
          - INSTALL_SYMFONY=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_SYMFONY}
          - INSTALL_PYTHON=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_PYTHON}
          - INSTALL_IMAGE_OPTIMIZERS=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_IMAGE_OPTIMIZERS}
          - INSTALL_IMAGEMAGICK=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_IMAGEMAGICK}
          - INSTALL_TERRAFORM=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_TERRAFORM}
          - INSTALL_DUSK_DEPS=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_DUSK_DEPS}
          - INSTALL_PG_CLIENT=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_PG_CLIENT}
          - INSTALL_SWOOLE=${WORKSPACE_INSTALL_SWOOLE}
          - PUID=${WORKSPACE_PUID}
          - PGID=${WORKSPACE_PGID}
          - CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION=${WORKSPACE_CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION}
          - NODE_VERSION=${WORKSPACE_NODE_VERSION}
          - YARN_VERSION=${WORKSPACE_YARN_VERSION}
          - TZ=${WORKSPACE_TIMEZONE}
          - BLACKFIRE_CLIENT_ID=${BLACKFIRE_CLIENT_ID}
          - BLACKFIRE_CLIENT_TOKEN=${BLACKFIRE_CLIENT_TOKEN}
        dockerfile: "Dockerfile-${PHP_VERSION}"
      volumes_from:
        - applications
      extra_hosts:
        - "dockerhost:${DOCKER_HOST_IP}"
      ports:
        - "${WORKSPACE_SSH_PORT}:22"
      tty: true
      networks:
        - frontend
        - backend

### PHP-FPM Container #######################################

    php-fpm:
      build:
        context: ./php-fpm
        args:
          - INSTALL_XDEBUG=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_XDEBUG}
          - INSTALL_BLACKFIRE=${INSTALL_BLACKFIRE}
          - INSTALL_SOAP=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_SOAP}
          - INSTALL_MONGO=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_MONGO}
          - INSTALL_AMQP=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_AMQP}
          - INSTALL_MSSQL=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_MSSQL}
          - INSTALL_ZIP_ARCHIVE=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_ZIP_ARCHIVE}
          - INSTALL_BCMATH=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_BCMATH}
          - INSTALL_GMP=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_GMP}
          - INSTALL_PHPREDIS=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_PHPREDIS}
          - INSTALL_MEMCACHED=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_MEMCACHED}
          - INSTALL_OPCACHE=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_OPCACHE}
          - INSTALL_EXIF=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_EXIF}
          - INSTALL_AEROSPIKE=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_AEROSPIKE}
          - INSTALL_MYSQLI=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_MYSQLI}
          - INSTALL_PGSQL=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_PGSQL}
          - INSTALL_PG_CLIENT=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_PG_CLIENT}
          - INSTALL_TOKENIZER=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_TOKENIZER}
          - INSTALL_INTL=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_INTL}
          - INSTALL_GHOSTSCRIPT=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_GHOSTSCRIPT}
          - INSTALL_LDAP=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_LDAP}
          - INSTALL_SWOOLE=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_SWOOLE}
          - INSTALL_IMAGE_OPTIMIZERS=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_IMAGE_OPTIMIZERS}
          - INSTALL_IMAGEMAGICK=${PHP_FPM_INSTALL_IMAGEMAGICK}
        dockerfile: "Dockerfile-${PHP_VERSION}"
      volumes_from:
        - applications
      volumes:
        - ./php-fpm/php${PHP_VERSION}.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
      expose:
        - "9000"
      depends_on:
        - workspace
      extra_hosts:
        - "dockerhost:${DOCKER_HOST_IP}"
      environment:
        - PHP_IDE_CONFIG=${PHP_IDE_CONFIG}
      networks:
        - backend

### ...

### NGINX Server Container ##################################

    nginx:
      build:
        context: ./nginx
        args:
          - PHP_UPSTREAM_CONTAINER=${NGINX_PHP_UPSTREAM_CONTAINER}
          - PHP_UPSTREAM_PORT=${NGINX_PHP_UPSTREAM_PORT}
      volumes_from:
        - applications
      volumes:
        - ${NGINX_HOST_LOG_PATH}:/var/log/nginx
        - ${NGINX_SITES_PATH}:/etc/nginx/sites-available
      ports:
        - "${NGINX_HOST_HTTP_PORT}:80"
        - "${NGINX_HOST_HTTPS_PORT}:443"
      depends_on:
        - php-fpm
      networks:
        - frontend
        - backend
複製代碼

咱們看到,剛纔在 compose-dev.yml 定義的容器 applications 基於鏡像:tianon/true。

容器 workspace 是一個操做臺容器,能夠經過配置文件安裝各類須要的軟件如:node, yarn 等等,它和 php-fpm、nginx 等容器都共用容器 applications 的數據卷,也就是說這幾個寫着 volumes_from: - applications 的容器中的路徑 /var/www 都共用本機目錄 ../www

4. 編輯 nginx 主機配置文件 laradock/nginx/sites

server {

    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

    server_name localhost;
    root /var/www/public;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    location / {
         try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php =404;
        fastcgi_pass php-upstream;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_buffers 16 16k;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }

    location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        root /var/www/letsencrypt/;
        log_not_found off;
    }
}
複製代碼

由於 laradock 項目默認是爲 laravel 框架配置的,因此咱們看到網站的根目錄默認設置爲 /var/www/public 。這裏咱們把根目錄修改成咱們須要的路徑,如 /var/www/your-project-name/public 。若是你的項目不是基於 laravel 的,則能夠把 public 去掉,或作相應修改。

若是你使用 Chrome 63以上版本進行開發,就不要把 server_name 設置爲.dev結尾 「爲何?」 laravel-news.com/chrome-63-n…。 你能夠用 .localhost, .invalid, .test, .example 等代替,我的建議用 .localhost ,這樣就不用修改容器的主機的 host 文件了,他會默認指向IP:127.0.0.1。

5. 運行容器(在laradock目錄下)

docker-compose up -d nginx

結語

到這裏 laradock 的配置解析基本就介紹完畢了,小夥伴們趕快寫個 hello world 試試吧,下一篇文章咱們來說講如何經過容器,讓咱們的網站支持 https 協議。

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