python json.dumps() json.dump()的區別

之前寫的很簡單,只有幾句話,最近發現本文是本博客閱讀量最大的一篇文章,以爲這樣有種把人騙進來的感受,因而又細化了一些。若是還有很差的地方,歡迎指出。python

 

首先說明基本功能:json

dumps是將dict轉化成str格式,loads是將str轉化成dict格式。python2.7

dump和load也是相似的功能,只是與文件操做結合起來了。指針

 

看代碼實例:orm

In [1]: import json

In [2]: a = {'name': 'wang', 'age': 29}

In [3]: b = json.dumps(a)

In [4]: print b, type(b)
{"age": 29, "name": "wang"} <type 'str'>

In [11]: json.loads(b)
Out[11]: {u'age': 29, u'name': u'wang'}

In [12]: print type(json.loads(b))
<type 'dict'>

 

而後再看dump和dumps的區別,見代碼:對象

In [1]: import json

In [2]: a = {'name': 'wang', 'age': 29}

In [3]: b = json.dumps(a)

In [4]: print b, type(b)
{"age": 29, "name": "wang"} <type 'str'>

In [5]: c = json.dump(a)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-5-92dc0d929363> in <module>()
----> 1 c = json.dump(a)

TypeError: dump() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given)

 

這裏提示咱們少一個參數,咱們看一下幫助文件(iPyhton中能夠直接使用help(json.dumps)來查看幫助文件):blog

 

dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True, allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None, encoding='utf-8', default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw)
Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.ip

 

dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True, allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None, encoding='utf-8', default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw)
Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a
``.write()``-supporting file-like object).utf-8

 

簡單說就是dump須要一個相似於文件指針的參數(並非真的指針,可稱之爲類文件對象),能夠與文件操做結合,也就是說能夠將dict轉成str而後存入文件中;而dumps直接給的是str,也就是將字典轉成str。ci

例子見代碼(注意文件操做的一些小細節):

In [1]: import json

In [2]: a = {'name': 'wang'}

In [3]: fp = file('test.txt', 'w')

In [4]: type(fp)
Out[4]: file

In [5]: json.dump(a, fp)

In [6]: cat test.txt

In [7]: fp.close()

In [8]: cat test.txt
{"name": "wang"}
In [9]: json.load(fp)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-9-0064dabedb17> in <module>()
----> 1 json.load(fp)

/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/json/__init__.pyc in load(fp, encoding, cls, object_hook, parse_float, parse_int, parse_constant, object_pairs_hook, **kw)
    285
    286     """
--> 287     return loads(fp.read(),
    288         encoding=encoding, cls=cls, object_hook=object_hook,
    289         parse_float=parse_float, parse_int=parse_int,

ValueError: I/O operation on closed file

In [10]: fp = file('test.txt', 'r')

In [11]: json.load(fp)
Out[11]: {u'name': u'wang'}

  

注:實際中dump用的較少。 

 

若是以爲本文對您有幫助,不妨掃一下二維碼

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