[root@linux-128 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@linux-128 src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@linux-128 src]# tar -zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@linux-128 src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb [root@linux-128 src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/ [root@linux-128 mariadb]# ls bin data include mysql-test share COPYING DESTINATION INSTALL-BINARY README.md sql-bench COPYING.thirdparty docs lib README-wsrep support-files CREDITS EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT man scripts
[root@linux-128 mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@linux-128 mysql]# mkdir /data
[root@linux-128 mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb/ --datadir=/data/mariadb //--user=mysql定義mysql身份運行,--basedir=/usr/local/mariadb 定義mariadb的安裝目錄,這裏若是不定義mariadb的目錄有可能系統會去找以前安裝的mysql的目錄,--datadir=/data/mariadb定義存放數據庫的目錄 [root@linux-128 mariadb]# echo $? // 0
Mariadb的配置文件也在/user/local/mariadb/support-files/目錄下,和mysql有必定區別,這個目錄下有好幾個配置模板mysql
[root@linux-128 mariadb]# ls /usr/local/mariadb/support-files/ binary-configure my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf my-small.cnf mysql.server wsrep_notify magic my-large.cnf mysqld_multi.server policy my-huge.cnf my-medium.cnf mysql-log-rotate wsrep.cnf
my-huge.cnf my-large.cnf my-medium.cnf my-small.cnf這些配置文件的區別就在於緩存數字的大小不同,這些值是根據內存的大小指定合適的緩存,這樣會讓mysql達到一個更高效的性能。咱們作實驗內存是1G 拷貝my-small.cnf就能夠,若是你的內存有幾十G,能夠拷貝my-huge.cnf,再根據實際狀況適當調整這些參數。linux
[root@linux-128 mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf //爲了和以前mysql的配置文件區別,將配置文件路徑修改下。
[root@linux-128 ~]# vim /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf 添加basedir和datadir [mysqld] basedir = /usr/local/mariadb //mariadb安裝目錄 datadir = /data/mariadb //存放數據庫目錄 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 240K
[root@linux-128 mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[root@linux-128 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mariadb 須要修改2個地方 basedir=/usr/local/mariadb //存放mariadb的目錄 datadir=/data/mariadb //存放數據庫的目錄 conf=$basedir/my.cnf //指定配置文件的路徑 而且在開始啓動腳本中添加上面修改的配置文件路徑
[root@linux-128 ~]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 肯定 ]
這裏要注意:以前安裝過mysql,因此在安裝mariadb的時候,要先關閉mysqld服務,在啓動腳本中指定了配置文件路徑conf,並將添加到啓動腳本中,若是以前沒有裝過mysql,能夠直接將配置文件拷貝到/etc/my.cnf,啓動腳本中也不用指定配置文件路徑。sql
[root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz [root@linux-128 src]# tar -jxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 [root@linux-128 src]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[root@linux-128 src]# cd apr-1.6.3/ 初始化 [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr … [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# echo $? //檢查初始化是否正確 0 編譯make [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# make [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# echo $? //檢查編譯是否正確 0 編譯安裝 make install [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# make install … [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# echo $? //檢查編譯安裝是否正確 0 [root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# ls /usr/local/apr bin build-1 include lib
[root@linux-128 apr-1.6.3]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1/ 初始化 [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# echo $? 0 編譯make [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# make … xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: 致命錯誤:expat.h:沒有那個文件或目錄 #include <expat.h> ^ 編譯中斷。 make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] 錯誤 1 make[1]: 離開目錄「/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1」 make: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1 編譯報錯,須要安裝expat-devel包 [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install -y expat-devel 而後從新編譯 make … [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# echo $? 0 編譯安裝 make install [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# make install [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# echo $? 0 apr/ bin/ games/ lib/ libexec/ mysql/ share/ [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# ls /usr/local/apr-util/ bin include lib
[root@linux-128 apr-util-1.6.1]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.29/ [root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure \ //這裏的反斜槓是脫義字符,加上它咱們能夠把一行命令寫成多行 --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 \ //指定安裝路徑 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \ //指定apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \ //指定apr-util --enable-so \ //支持動態模塊 ;表示啓用DSO,意思是把某些功能以模塊的形式展示出來,一個功能模塊就是一個.so文件,編譯完會看到這些文件。 --enable-mods-shared=most //指定模塊most;most絕大多數功能模塊
這裏出現一個錯誤:
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
能夠用yum list來查找缺乏那個包數據庫
[root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# yum list |grep pcre pcre.x86_64 8.32-15.el7_2.1 @anaconda ghc-pcre-light.x86_64 0.4-13.el7 epel ghc-pcre-light-devel.x86_64 0.4-13.el7 epel mingw32-pcre.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel mingw32-pcre-static.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel mingw64-pcre.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel mingw64-pcre-static.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel pcre.i686 8.32-17.el7 base pcre.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base pcre-devel.i686 8.32-17.el7 base pcre-devel.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base pcre-static.i686 8.32-17.el7 base pcre-static.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base pcre-tools.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base pcre2.i686 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-devel.i686 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-devel.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-static.i686 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-static.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-tools.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-utf16.i686 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-utf16.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-utf32.i686 10.23-2.el7 base pcre2-utf32.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base [root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# yum install -y pcre-devel
[root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most [root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# echo $? 0
[root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# make …
這裏出現一個錯誤
緣由是apr-util的版本問題,1.6過高,從新下載1.5版本,從新編譯安裝apr-util1.5apache
[root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.5.2.tar.gz [root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.gz [root@linux-128 httpd-2.4.29]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.5.2/ [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.5.2]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.5.2]# make [root@linux-128 apr-util-1.5.2]# make install
而後再從新編譯apachevim
[root@linux-128 apr-util-1.5.2]# cd /usr/local/apache2.4/ [root@linux-128 apache2.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most [root@linux-128 apache2.4]# make [root@linux-128 apache2.4]# make install
[root@linux-128 apr-util-1.5.2]# cd /usr/local/apache2.4/ [root@linux-128 apache2.4]# ls bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include logs man manual modules 這裏介紹一個進程用到的目錄 bin :可執行文件的目錄 conf:配置文件的目錄 htdocs:默認訪問網站的目錄 logs:日誌文件的目錄 modules:存放動態模塊的目錄;也就是.so文件,每個模塊就表明這一個功能
查看apache都加載了那些模塊windows
[root@linux-128 apache2.4]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::fdb8:14ca:d41b:3dc8. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message Loaded Modules: //這裏不用管它 core_module (static) //static 表示靜態模塊 so_module (static) http_module (static) mpm_event_module (static) authn_file_module (shared) //shared表示動態共享模塊 authn_core_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_core_module (shared) access_compat_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) reqtimeout_module (shared) filter_module (shared) mime_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) env_module (shared) headers_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) version_module (shared) unixd_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) dir_module (shared) alias_module (shared)
動態和靜態模塊的區別:靜態模塊直接和主程序(/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd)綁定在一塊兒,動態模塊都是一個個獨立存在的文件(moudles目錄下面的.so文件)這些動態模塊不會所有加載,若是想用哪一個動態模塊,直接在配置文件裏面配置便可。緩存