Kickstart 實現Centos系統的批量自動部署

時間 2020-01-29

標籤 kickstart 實現 centos 系統批量自動部署欄目 CentOS 简体版

原文原文鏈接

環境：linux

Centos 6.8服務器一臺，提供FTP、DHCP和鏡像安裝源vim

未安裝系統的客戶機一臺服務器

步驟：app

一、關閉Selinux、firewallless

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config dom

SELINUX=enforcing ###將enforcing 修改成disablesocket

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop ###中止防止牆服務ide

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig iptables off ###關閉開機自啓this

二、關閉NetworkMangerspa

[root@localhost ~]# service NetworkManager stop ###中止NetworkManger服務
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig NetworkManager off ###禁止NetworkManger開機自動

三、安裝DHCP服務並配置

配置好YUM源

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y dhcp

[root@localhost ~]# cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf"？

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#

# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;

next-server 192.168.1.11;

filename 「pxelinux.0」;

default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 86400;

# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
#ddns-update-style none;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;

# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
}

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.20 192.168.1.100;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
}

[root@localhost dhcp]# service dhcpd restart
正在啓動 dhcpd： [肯定]
[root@localhost dhcp]# chkconfig dhcpd on

四、安裝ftp服務並配置

[root@localhost /]# yum install -y tftp-server xinetd vsftpd

[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
         socket_type             = dgram
         protocol                = udp
         wait                    = yes
         user                    = root
         server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
         server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
         disable                 = no                                                                          ####此處將原來的yes改成no
         per_source              = 11
         cps                     = 100 2
         flags                   = IPv4
}

[root@localhost /]# service xinetd start
正在啓動 xinetd： [肯定]
[root@localhost /]# chkconfig xinetd on

[root@localhost /]# service vsftpd start
爲 vsftpd 啓動 vsftpd： [肯定]

[root@localhost /]# chkconfig vsftpd on

五、安裝syslinux、system-config-kickstart

syslinux 提供pxenux.0軟件

system-config-kickstart 提供kickstart 軟件

[root@localhost /]# yum install -y syslinux system-config-kickstart

六、拷貝相應文件並建立pxlinux.cfg文件

[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/boot.cat /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/boot.msg /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/vesamenu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/splash.jpg /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.bin /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/memtest /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/TRANS.TBL /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost /]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

vmlinuz：內核，提供驅動和識別代碼

initrd.img：提供根鏡像底部命令

boot.cat:菜單格式

boot.msg:菜單消息

vesamenju.c32:菜單顏色

splash.jgp:菜單背景

isolinux.bin:GRUB引導程序的前身

memtest:內存檢測

TRANS.TBL:

pxelinux.0:pxeclient用於提供給pxelinux.0作程序交接

[root@localhost /]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@localhost /]# cp -p /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot//pxelinux.cfg/default

[root@localhost /]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot//pxelinux.cfg/default

default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600 ####此處爲啓動菜單等待操做時間，默認爲60S

display boot.msg

menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.8!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label linux

menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
   menu default
   kernel vmlinuz
   append initrd=initrd.img   ks=ftp://192.168.1.11/ks/s.cfg             #### ks配置文件存放位置
label vesa
   menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
   kernel vmlinuz
   append initrd=initrd.img nomodeset
label rescue
   menu label ^Rescue installed system
   kernel vmlinuz
   append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
   menu label Boot from ^local drive
   localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
   menu label ^Memory test
   kernel memtest
   append -