注:本博文基於數據庫之基本查詢示例(一)
一、查詢fruits表中每一個s_id對應的全部f_name值mysql
#以組來進行緊湊 mysql> select s_id,group_concat(f_name) as name from fruits group by s_id having count(f_name) > 1;
二、統計相同s_id值的行有多少?sql
mysql> select s_id,count(*) as total from fruits group by s_id with rollup;
注:with rollup的做用是將s_id分組後的和再進行相加,統計出來的總數,也就是16。
三、建立一個新表並插入數據數據庫
#建立新表 mysql> create table orderitems( -> o_num int not null, -> o_item int not null, -> f_id char(10) not null, -> quantity int not null, -> item_price decimal(8,2) not null, -> primary key(o_num,o_item) -> ); #插入數據 mysql> insert into orderitems(o_num,o_item,f_id,quantity,item_price) -> values(30001,1,'a1',10,'5.2'), -> (30001,2,'b2',3,'7.6'), -> (30001,3,'bs1',5,'11.2'), -> (30001,4,'bs2',15,'9.2'), -> (30002,1,'b3',2,'20.0'), -> (30003,1,'c0',100,10), -> (30004,1,'o2',50,'2.50'), -> (30005,1,'c0',5,'10'), -> (30005,2,'b1',10,'8.99'), -> (30005,3,'a2',10,'2.2'), -> (30005,4,'m1',5,'14.99');
四、查詢同一個o_num列的quantity(數量)和item_price(價格)相乘結果大於100的行ide
mysql> select o_num,SUM(quantity*item_price) as total from orderitems -> group by o_num having total > 100 order by total;
五、limit——限制返回的行數
限制一:ui
#只顯示錶中的前四行 mysql> select * from fruits limit 4;
限制二:3d
#從第四行開始,顯示後面3行 mysql> select * from fruits limit 4,3;
六、查詢每一個o_num對應的f_id有幾個code
mysql> select o_num,count(f_id) as items_total from orderitems group by o_num;
七、查詢o_num爲30005的quantity(數量)有多少blog
mysql> select sum(quantity) as items_total from orderitems where o_num = 30005;
八、查詢s_id爲103的f_price的平均數是多少(s_id的平均價格是多少)ip
mysql> select avg(f_price) as avg_price from fruits where s_id = 103;
九、查詢每一個s_id對應的平均價格(f_price)是多少?ci
mysql> select s_id,avg(f_price) as avg_price from fruits group by s_id;
十、查詢每一個s_id中f_price值最大的行是哪一個?
mysql> select s_id, max(f_price) as max_price from fruits group by s_id;
注:同理,若要查看最小的行,只須要將max換爲min便可。
十一、查詢每一個f_price值最大的值及其所對應的s_id、f_name
mysql> select s_id,f_price,f_name from fruits -> where f_price in(select max(f_price) from fruits group by s_id);
十二、再次建立所需表並插入數據
#建立表 mysql> create table suppliers( -> s_id int not null auto_increment, -> s_name char(50) not null, -> s_city char(50) null, -> s_zip char(10) null, -> s_call char(50) not null, -> primary key(s_id) -> ); mysql> create table orders( -> o_num int not null auto_increment, -> o_date datetime not null, -> c_id int not null, -> primary key(o_num) -> ); #插入數據 mysql> insert into suppliers(s_id,s_name,s_city,s_zip,s_call) -> values(101,'FastFruit Inc.','tianjin','300000','48075'), -> (102,'LT Supplies','chongqing','400000','44333'), -> (103,'acme','shanghai','200000','90046'), -> (104,'fnk inc.','zhongshan','528437','11111'), -> (105,'good set','taivuang','030000','22222'), -> (106,'just eat ours','beijing','010','45678'), -> (107,'dk inc.','zhengzhou','450000','33332'); mysql> insert into orders(o_num,o_date,c_id) -> values(30001,'2008-09-01',10001), -> (30002,'2008-09-12',10003), -> (30003,'2008-09-30',10004), -> (30004,'2008-10-03',10005), -> (30005,'2008-10-08',10001);
1三、表聯接類型的概念
在進行接下來的查詢,這裏有必要說一下多表查詢的相關概念
1)內聯接
內聯接(inner join)是最多見的一種聯接方式,只返回兩個數據集合之間匹配關係的行,將位於兩個互相交叉的數據集合中重疊部分之內的數據行聯接起來。
內聯接使用比較運算符進行表間某些列數據的比較操做,並列出這些表中與聯接相匹配的數據行。
2)外聯接
外聯接(outer join)是對內聯接的擴充,除了將兩個數據集合中重複部分之內的數據行聯接起來以外,還能夠根據要求返回左側或右側表中非匹配的數據或所有的數據。
外聯接還能夠分爲如下幾種:
左外聯接(left join或left outer join)的結果包括左表的全部行,若是左表的某一行在右表中沒有匹配行,則右表返回空值,不然返回相應值。
右外聯接(right join或right outer join)是左外聯接的反向聯接,將返回右表的全部行,若是右表的某一行在左表中沒有匹配行,則左表返回空值,不然返回相應值。
全聯接(full join 或full outer join)將返回左表和右表中的全部行,當某一行在另外一個表中沒有匹配行時,另外一個表返回空值,不然返回相應值。
1四、內聯接查詢,將兩個表的指定列生成一個新表
mysql> select suppliers.s_id,s_name,f_name,f_price from fruits inner join suppliers on fruits.s_id = suppliers.s_id;
1五、左外聯接查詢示例
mysql> select customers.c_id,orders.o_num from customers -> left outer join orders on customers.c_id = orders.c_id;
1六、內聯接查詢時指定其餘條件
mysql> select customers.c_id,orders.o_num from customers inner join orders on customers.c_id = orders.c_id;