牛刀小試MySQL--基於GTID的replication

實驗環境：兩個MySQL實例

IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3306 (MySQL的Master)
IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3307 (MySQL的Slave）

須要的參數

• server_id: 每一個MySQL實例的server_id必須不同。
• log-bin:MySQL開啓binglog日誌。
• gtid_mode=ON : MySQL開啓GTID模式。
• enforce-gtid-consistency=true :保證GTID的數據一致性。
• log_slave_updates=1:Slave接收來自Master的更新操做日誌，並記錄至Slave的binlog日誌中。能夠完成級聯複製
• binlog_format= row:基於行格式，保證數據的一致。
• skip-slave-start=1:保證Slave數據庫啓動的時候，slave不會自動啓動(能夠手動來啓動 start slave)

步驟:

1.my.cnf的參數配置以下:

• Master(3306)的配置

server-id = 1203306
    log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin

    #*********** GTID settting*******************
    gtid_mode=ON
    enforce-gtid-consistency=true 
    binlog_format= row
    skip-slave-start=1
    log_slave_updates = 1

• Slave(3307)的配置

server-id = 1203307
    log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3307/binlog/mysql-bin

    #*********** GTID settting*******************
    gtid_mode=ON
    enforce-gtid-consistency=true 
    binlog_format= row
    skip-slave-start=1
    log_slave_updates = 1

2.爲Replication建立一個用戶

在master上，配置一個新用戶，能夠讓slaves數據庫能權限訪問master數據庫

mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'10.0.0.201' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl@3307';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'10.0.0.201';

3.保證Master數據庫的數據一致性，設置爲只讀

mysql> SET @@global.read_only = ON;

3.備份Master數據庫的數據

master導出備份

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p'zsd@7101' -S /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock --all-databases --triggers --routines --events --flush-logs --single-transaction -e --default-character-set=utf8 | gzip > mysql_3306_full_backup_`date +%F`.sql.gz

參數詳解:

• all-databases: --all-databases, -A。備份全部數據庫的全部表。。
• triggers:備份全部觸發器。
• routines: 備份全部存儲過程和函數。
• events :數據庫的事件。
• flush-logs:在數據dump以前，刷新數據庫的日誌。
• single-transaction:服務器dump以前，發起一個BEGIN SQL的語句， START TRANSACTION 放進一個事務裏面，保證數據的一致性，防止鎖表。
• default-character-set=utf8:保證導出的字符集爲UTF8
• extended-insert:-e 產生一個相對來講較小的dump文件，加速導入數據庫時，插入數據的速度。加快數據庫的恢復。

slave導入備份

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'zsd@3307' -S /data/mysqldata/3307/mysql.sock --default-character-set=utf8 < mysql_3306_full_backup_2018-06-01.sql

5.SLAVE追日誌,完成複製操做

• 抽象語句

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
     >     MASTER_HOST = host,
     >     MASTER_PORT = port,
     >     MASTER_USER = user,
     >     MASTER_PASSWORD = password,
     >     MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;

• 實戰語句

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '10.0.0.201',MASTER_PORT = 3306,MASTER_USER = 'repl',MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl@3307',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;

6.啓動Slave

mysql> START SLAVE;

7.查看slave狀態

(root@localhost) [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.0.0.201
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1658
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 1832
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1658
              Relay_Log_Space: 2034
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1203306
                  Master_UUID: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:27-32
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:1-32,
e60a3353-6567-11e8-b305-005056af6f24:1-2
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

8.Master數據庫，關閉只讀

mysql> SET @@global.read_only = OFF;

知識點:徹底刪除replication的拓撲結構
(root@localhost) [(none)]> stop slave;
(root@localhost) [(none)]> RESET SLAVE ALL;