軟件開發過程當中,經常會須要變動之前的接口,添加或刪除接口請求字段,接口字段校驗、甚至是變動請求/返回字段名稱,若是強制要求全部客戶端跟着一塊兒升級代價太大。若是接口從一開始就考慮到了版本的設計,那麼作到平滑升級就很容易了。git
以@RequestMapping("/api")controller爲例:github
優勢:能夠作到大版本切換,路由下的全部接口同時更新web
缺點:實際中每每不會涉及不少接口同時升級,而且每每難以控制不一樣接口的版本(版本管理容易混亂)spring
/** * http://localhost:8090/api/v1/getUser/111 * {"userId":111,"userName":"小明"} * * @param userId * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/getUser/{userId}") public GetUserV1Response getUserInfoV1(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId) { return new GetUserV1Response(userId, "小明"); }
能夠單獨控制,注意version不存在和亂傳值的處理json
/** * http://localhost:8090/api/getUser/111?version=v1 * {"userId":111,"userName":"小明"} * <p> * http://localhost:8090/api/getUser/111?version=v2 * {"userId":111,"userName":"小明","notes":"version 2"} * * @param userId * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/getUser/{userId}") public Object getUserInfo(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId, @RequestParam("version") String version) { if ("v1".equals(version)) { return new GetUserV1Response(userId, "小明"); } return new GetUserV2Response(userId, "小明", "version 2"); }
以@RequestMapping("/api2")controller爲例:api
header設置在Controller或Action上均可以,設置在Controller上,控制全部Action的版本,設置在Action上,單獨控制一個Action的版本springboot
@RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/api2") public class ApiVersionHeaderDemoController { @Autowired private HttpServletRequest request; //request header @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById/{userId}", headers = "version=v2") public Object getUserInfo(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId) {return new GetUserV2Response(userId, "小明", "version 2"); } }
對應版本:restful
不支持的版本:app
利用自定義請求的Content-Type來控制版本:框架
/** * 請求的是 application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v1+json * 返回的是 application/json;charset=UTF-8 * v1 是api版本 * * @param userId * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById/{userId}", consumes = "application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v1+json") public Object getUserInfoV11(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId) { return new GetUserV2Response(userId, "小明", "version 2"); }
返回的是Content-Type:application/json;charset=UTF-8(不指定produces,默認是application/json;charset=UTF-8)
同時指定request和response的Content-Type爲:application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v2+json
/** * 請求、返回Content-Type都是 application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v1+json * v1 :爲api版本 * * @param userId * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById/{userId}", consumes = "application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v2+json", produces = "application/vnd.apiversioncontrol.v2+json") public Object getUserInfoV12(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId) { return new GetUserV2Response(userId, "小明", "version 2"); }
同時指定request和response的Content-Type爲:application/vnd.apiversioncontrol+json;version=v2
/** * 請求、返回Content-Type都是 application/vnd.apiversioncontrol+json;version=v2 * v2 :爲api版本 * * @param userId * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById/{userId}", consumes = "application/vnd.apiversioncontrol+json;version=v2", produces = "application/vnd.apiversioncontrol+json;version=v2") public Object getUserInfoV2(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId) { return new GetUserV2Response(userId, "小明", "version 2"); }
註解來實現:SpingMVC框架實現restfull接口的版本控制