BeagleBone Black使用無線網卡經過WIFI聯網

按照慣例，仍是先將要感謝的兄弟姐妹感謝完了再寫正文。感謝CSDN論壇、EEWorld論壇上的兄弟姐妹，請原諒我在過後記錄的時候忘了大家的大名，若是對你們有用，是大家的功力深厚，若是是對你們無用，原諒個人才疏學淺！

BBB上有USB Host，於是使用無線網卡是能夠經過WIFI上網的。WIFI的加密方式有多種，無線網卡自己的控制芯片也有多種，所以，BBB經過無線上網也有要注意的地方。

如下操做的前提是：你已經能夠控制你的BBB，不管是經過以太網或USB OTG的SSH，仍是串口。個人無線路由採用WPA2-PSK加密方式，這是如今最經常使用也是較安全的一個模式，其它的加密方式不詳說，用的少。須要的話請自行度娘。

1、無線網卡

無線網卡的控制芯片主流的就那麼幾種，但不論是BBB的angstrom仍是網上的已編譯好的debian、ubuntu的img，內核主要是linux 3.8.13（最多見），所以支持的無線網卡種類有限，具體可參考BBB的官方WIKI（http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black）。

須要提的是你們經常使用的USB無線網卡中，TPLink，水星、能達等，水星的芯片比較特殊，3.8的內核不可以原生支持，若想使用，請自行編譯其驅動，並加入內核。從初學者來講，不建議使用，固然能夠用，可能須要至少兩篇blog才能說清楚，這個問題咱們之後再說。

我使用的是一款之前老機上用的一個能達的USB無線網卡，控制芯片是RT5370系列，3.8內核自己就帶它的驅動。

2、查詢是否支持USB無線網卡

上電之後，插入無線網卡，稍等片刻（像我這樣的懶人是直接插上之後，再通電，這個就沒有拔下來過，）輸入如下命令，查詢USB設備，能夠看到已經掛載的USB設備。

1: debian@arm:~$ sudo lsusb

2: Bus 001 Device 002: ID 148f:5370 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5370 Wireless Adapter

3: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

4: Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

若是你看到以上相似的信息，wireless Adapter，恭喜你，你的網卡是支持的，而且已掛載。
3、配置無線網卡

１、安裝無線上網工具

1: debian@arm:~$ sudo aptitude install wireless-tools

2: No packages will be installed, upgraded, or removed.

3: 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

4: Need to get 0 B of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used.

 

固然，我已安裝，故而顯示不需再安裝。

２、查詢無線網卡是否正常

若是無線網卡正常，會生成相應的節點，wlan0。查詢便知：

 1: debian@arm:~$ sudo ifconfig -a

 2: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr c8:a0:30:b0:16:72

 3: UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500  Metric:1

 4: RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

 5: TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

 6: collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

 7:            RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

 8: Interrupt:56

 9:  

10:           lo Link encap:Local Loopback 

11:  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

12:           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

13:  UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536  Metric:1

14:           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

15:           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

16: collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

17:            RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

18:  

19:            usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 62:91:b6:06:4e:51

20:            inet addr:192.168.7.2  Bcast:192.168.7.3  Mask:255.255.255.252

21:            UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500  Metric:1

22:            RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

23:            TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

24: collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

25:            RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

26:  

27:            wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr c8:3a:35:c4:04:8e

28:            inet addr:192.168.100.102  Bcast:192.168.100.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

29:            inet6 addr: fe80::ca3a:35ff:fec4:48e/64 Scope:Link

30:  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500  Metric:1

31:            RX packets:3711 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

32:            TX packets:2784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

33: collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

34:            RX bytes:1648932 (1.5 MiB)  TX bytes:440600 (430.2 KiB)

 

個人已配置好，故有IP，若是無線網卡正常，是能夠看到wlan0的！先無論有沒有IP。

3、啓用你的wlan0節點

 1: debian@arm:~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

 2: [sudo] password for debian:

 3: [ 9228.336381] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready

 4: debian@arm:~$ [ 9235.758646] wlan0: authenticate with a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22

 5: [ 9235.795149] wlan0: send auth to a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (try 1/3)

 6: [ 9235.803004] wlan0: authenticated

 7: [ 9235.812066] wlan0: associate with a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (try 1/3)

 8: [ 9235.823099] wlan0: RX AssocResp from a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=4)

 9: [ 9235.839171] wlan0: associated

10: [ 9235.842480] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready

 

若是看到ready，你成功的啓用了你的無線網卡。

4、掃描你的無線網絡

1: debian@arm:~$ sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

2: wlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 9C:21:6A:DA:A2:8A Channel:1 Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Quality=31/70 Signal level=-79 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"TP-LINK_DAA28A" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=0000002cf8ad5180 Extra: Last beacon: 1580ms ago IE: Unknown: 000E54502D4C494E4B5F444141323841 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 030101 IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 32043048606C IE: Unknown: 2D1A6E1003FFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: 3D1601051100000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 IE: Unknown: DD05000AEB0100 IE: Unknown: DD8E0050F204104A0001101044000102103B00010310470010000000000000100000009C216ADAA28A1021000754502D4C494E4B10230009544C2D57523834324E10240003342E3010420007312E312E312E331054000800060050F204000110110018576972656C657373204E20526F757465722057523834324E100800022288103C0001011049000600372A000120 Cell 02 - Address: A8:57:4E:C8:F8:22 Channel:1 Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Quality=70/70 Signal level=-25 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"Sys_TP_Net" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=0000002d0d14c180 Extra: Last beacon: 357ms ago IE: Unknown: 000A5379735F54505F4E6574 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 030101 IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 32043048606C IE: Unknown: 2D1A6E1003FFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: 3D1601050000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 IE: Unknown: DD05000AEB0100 IE: Unknown: DD8E0050F204104A0001101044000102103B0001031047001000000000000010000000A8574EC8F8221021000754502D4C494E4B10230009544C2D57523834324E10240003342E3010420007312E312E312E331054000800060050F204000110110018576972656C657373204E20526F757465722057523834324E100800022288103C0001011049000600372A000120

3: 

 

你應該看到你的無線網絡了吧？

5、生成密鑰文件
生成密匙文件/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf 鏈接的無線路由ESSID爲TEST，密碼是12345678，使用以下命令行生成文件。

1: debian@arm:~$ sudo wpa_passphrase TEST 12345678  > /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf 

 

6、鏈接你的無線路由器
注意：有使用ifup以前，請先檢查你的配置文件。不然會報錯的，這個是特別須要注意的。也就是要更改/etc/network/interfaces文件。（命令偷懶了，用了*）

1: debian@arm:/etc/network$ sudo nano /etc/network/in*ces

2: 

 

加入如下內容（或修改原有內容）爲：

1: # WiFi Example

2: auto wlan0

3: iface wlan0 inet dhcp

4: wpa-ssid "你?的?無?線?網?絡?ssid"

5: wpa-psk "你?的?無?線?網?絡?密?碼?"

 

ctrl-O保存，ctrl-X退出。
激動人心的時刻到來了，讓咱們啓動咱們可愛的wlan0吧。

 1: debian@arm:/etc/network$ sudo ifup wlan0

 2: [10257.062541] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready

 3: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.2

 4: Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.

 5: All rights reserved.

 6: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

 7: 

 8: Listening on LPF/wlan0/c8:3a:35:c4:04:8e

 9: Sending on LPF/wlan0/c8:3a:35:c4:04:8e

10: Sending on Socket/fallback

11: DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 5

12: [10259.727874] wlan0: authenticate with a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22

13: [10259.760947] wlan0: send auth to a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (try 1/3)

14: [10259.769460] wlan0: authenticated

15: [10259.776952] wlan0: associate with a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (try 1/3)

16: [10259.787700] wlan0: RX AssocResp from a8:57:4e:c8:f8:22 (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=4)

17: [10259.803861] wlan0: associated

18: [10259.807175] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready

19: DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 9

20: DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 15

21: DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67

22: DHCPOFFER from 192.168.100.253

23: DHCPACK from 192.168.100.253

24: bound to 192.168.100.102 -- renewal in 754144638 seconds.

 

看到沒有，咱們有IP了！恭喜你，你成功的落網了！
若是不成功sudo ifdown wlan0，而後再sudo ifup wlan0，多試兩次，再不行，查找緣由吧。ssid,password對不對？
7、測試你的網絡
咱們仍是來ping 或ifconfig一下吧。

 1: debian@arm:/etc/network$ sudo ping www.163.com.cn

 2: PING www.163.com.cn (219.137.167.157) 56(84) bytes of data.

 3: 64 bytes from 219.137.167.157: icmp_req=1 ttl=54 time=57.0 ms

 4: 64 bytes from 219.137.167.157: icmp_req=2 ttl=54 time=55.5 ms

 5: 64 bytes from 219.137.167.157: icmp_req=3 ttl=54 time=56.9 ms

 6: 64 bytes from 219.137.167.157: icmp_req=4 ttl=54 time=59.0 ms

 7: 64 bytes from 219.137.167.157: icmp_req=5 ttl=54 time=57.5 ms

 8: 

 9: --- www.163.com.cn ping statistics ---

10: 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 22715ms

11:  

 

速度不快啊。，記得用ctrl-c退出ping狀態哈，不然。。。。。

以上均是我的在玩中間的一點記錄，固然但願與你們多多交流！囉嗦了這麼多，若是有疑問請直接在評論中留言或站內交流。我水平有限，剛接觸嵌入式linux，之前在51和cortexM3上用的多，上位機的軟件編的多，用C和彙編多，也畫一些雙面板、四層板。

下次咱們說點什麼呢，我想仍是說點開發環境相關的東東吧，好比交叉編譯，hello world什麼的吧。