[中英雙語] 數學縮寫列表 (List of mathematical abbreviations)

List of mathematical abbreviations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

數學縮寫列表

維基百科，自由的百科全書

This article is a listing of abbreviated names of mathematical functions, function-like operators and other mathematical terminology.

這篇文章是一個數學函數，相似於函數的操做符和其餘的數學術語的縮寫名列表。

This list is limited to abbreviations of two or more letters. The capitalization of some of these abbreviations is not standardized – different authors use different capitalizations.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

這個列表受限於兩個或更多字母的縮略語。其中，一些縮略語字母大寫並非標準的 - 不一樣的做者使用不一樣的大寫形式。

• AC – Axiom of Choice.^[1] 選擇公理
• a.c. – absolutely continuous. 絕對連續的
• acrd – inverse chord function. 逆弦函數
• adj – adjugate of a matrix. 矩陣的伴隨矩陣
• a.e. – almost everywhere. 殆遍，幾乎到處
• Ai – Airy function. 艾裏函數
• AL – Action limit. 處置界限
• Alt – alternating group (Alt(n) is also written as A_n.) 交錯羣
• A.M. – arithmetic mean. 算數平均數
• arccos – inverse cosine function. 反餘弦函數
• arccosec – inverse cosecant function. (Also written as arccsc.) 反餘割函數
• arccot – inverse cotangent function. 反餘切函數
• arccsc – inverse cosecant function. (Also written as arccosec.) 反餘割函數
• arcexc – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexcosec.) 反外餘割函數
• arcexcosec – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexc.) 反外餘割函數
• arcexcsc – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcosec, arcexc.) 反外餘割函數
• arcexs – inverse exsecant function. (Also written as arcexsec.) 反外正割函數
• arcexsec – inverse exsecant function. (Also written as arcexs.) 反外正割函數
• arcosech – inverse hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as arcsch.) 反雙曲餘割函數
• arcosh – inverse hyperbolic cosine function. 反雙曲餘弦函數
• arcoth – inverse hyperbolic cotangent function. 反雙曲餘切函數
• arcsch – inverse hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as arcosech.) 反雙曲餘割函數
• arcsec – inverse secant function. 反正割函數
• arcsin – inverse sine function. 反正弦函數
• arctan – inverse tangent function. 反正切函數
• arctan2 – inverse tangent function with two arguments. (Also written as atan2.) 帶有2個參數的反正切函數
• arg – argument of a complex number.^[2]   複數的參數
• arg max – argument of the maximum. 最大值時的參數
• arg min – argument of the minimum. 最小值時的參數
• arsech – inverse hyperbolic secant function. 反雙曲正割函數
• arsinh – inverse hyperbolic sine function. 反雙曲正弦函數
• artanh – inverse hyperbolic tangent function. 反雙曲正切函數
• a.s. – almost surely. 殆必，幾乎必然
• atan2 – inverse tangent function with two arguments. (Also written as arctan2.) 同 arctan2，帶有兩個參數的反正切函數
• A.P. – arithmetic progression. 等差數列
• Aut – automorphism group. 自同構羣
• bd – boundary. 邊界（拓撲學）
• Bi – Airy function of the second kind. 第二類艾裏函數
• Bias – bias of an estimator 估計器偏置
• Card – cardinality of a set.^[3] (Card(X) is also written #X, ♯X or |X|.) 集合的勢
• cdf – cumulative distribution function. 累積分佈函數
• c.f. – cumulative frequency. 累積頻率
• char – characteristic of a ring. 環的特徵
• Chi – hyperbolic cosine integral function. 雙曲餘弦積分函數
• Ci – cosine integral function. 餘弦積分函數
• cis – cos + i sin function. 歐拉公式函數
• Cl – conjugacy class. 共軛類
• cl – topological closure. 拓撲學閉包
• cod, codom – codomain.  到達域
• cok, coker – cokernel. 上核，餘核
• Cor – corollary. 推論，餘定理
• corr – correlation. 相關
• cos – cosine function. 餘弦函數
• cosec – cosecant function. (Also written as csc.) 餘割函數
• cosech – hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as csch.) 雙曲餘割函數
• cosh – hyperbolic cosine function. 雙曲餘弦函數
• cosiv – coversine function. (Also written as cover, covers, cvs.) 餘矢函數
• cot – cotangent function. (Also written as ctg.) 餘切函數
• coth – hyperbolic cotangent function. 雙曲餘切函數
• cov – covariance of a pair of random variables. 協方差
• cover – coversine function. (Also written as covers, cvs, cosiv.) 餘矢函數
• covercos – covercosine function. (Also written as cvc.) 正矢函數
• covers – coversine function. (Also written as cover, cvs, cosiv.) 餘矢函數
• crd – chord function. 弦（幾何）函數
• csc – cosecant function. (Also written as cosec.) 餘割函數
• csch – hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as cosech.) 雙曲餘割函數
• ctg – cotangent function. (Also written as cot.) 餘切函數
• curl – curl of a vector field. (Also written as rot.) 向量場的旋度
• cvc – covercosine function. (Also written as covercos.) 余余矢函數
• cvs – coversine function. (Also written as cover, covers, cosiv.) 正餘矢函數
• def – define or definition. 定義
• deg – degree of a polynomial. (Also written as ∂.) 多項式的次數
• del – del, a differential operator. (Also written as .) 微分運算符
• det – determinant of a matrix or linear transformation. 矩陣或線性變換的行列式
• dim – dimension of a vector space. 向量空間的維度
• div – divergence of a vector field. 向量場的散度
• dkl – decalitre 公斗。公斗是一個容積單位，符號是daL。公斗自己不是國際單位制(SI)單位，而是接受與SI合併使用的非SI單位。1 公斗等於10 公升。
• DNE – a solution for an expression does not exist, or is undefined. Generally used with limits and integrals. 不存在，或未定義，一般用於極限和積分。
• dom – domain of a function.^[1] (Or, more generally, a relation.) 函數的定義域
• End – categories of endomorphisms. 自同態範疇
• Ei – exponential integral function. 指數積分函數
• Eqn – equation. 方程
• erf – error function. 偏差函數
• erfc – complementary error function. 餘偏差函數（互補偏差函數）
• etr — exponent of the trace. 跡指數
• exc — excosecant function. (Also written as excsc, excosec.) 外餘割函數
• excosec — excosecant function. (Also written as excsc, exc.) 外餘割函數
• excsc — excosecant function. (Also written as excosec, exc.) 外餘割函數
• exs — exsecant function. (Also written as exsec.) 外正割函數
• exsec — exsecant function. (Also written as exs.) 外正割函數
• exp – exponential function. (exp x is also written as e^x.) 指數函數
• expm1 – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as exp1m.) 指數減1函數
• exp1m – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as expm1.) 指數減1函數
• Ext – Ext functor. Ext 函子
• ext – exterior. 外部（拓撲學）
• FIP – finite intersection property. 有限交集性質
• FOL – first-order logic. 一階邏輯
• Frob – Frobenius endomorphism. 弗羅貝尼烏斯自同態
• Gal – Galois group. (Also written as Γ.) 伽羅瓦羣
• gcd – greatest common divisor of two numbers. (Also written as hcf.) 兩個數的最大公因數
• gd – Gudermannian function. 古德曼函數
• GF – Galois field. 伽羅瓦，即有限域（Finite field）
• GL – general linear group. 通常線性羣
• G.M. – geometric mean. 幾何平均數
• glb – greatest lower bound. (Also written as inf.) 最大下界
• G.P. – geometric progression. 等比數列
• grad – gradient of a function. 函數梯度
• hacover – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacovers, hcv.) 正半餘矢函數
• hacovercos – hacovercosine function. (Also written as hcc.) 餘半餘矢函數
• hacovers – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacover, hcv.) 正半餘矢函數
• hav – haversine function. (Also written as sem.) 正半正矢函數
• havercos – havercosine function. (Also written as hvc.) 餘半正矢函數
• hcc – hacovercosine function. (Also written as hacovercos.) 餘半餘矢函數
• hcv – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacover, hacovers.) 正半餘矢函數
• hcf – highest common factor of two numbers. (Also written as gcd.) 最大公因數
• H.M. – harmonic mean. 調和平均數
• HOL – higher-order logic. 高階邏輯
• Hom – Hom functor. Hom 函子
• hom – hom-class  hom類
• hvc – havercosine function. (Also written as havercos.) 餘半正矢函數
• iff – if and only if. 當且僅當
• iid – independent and identically distributed random variables. 獨立同分布隨機變量
• Im – imaginary part of a complex number^[2] (Also written as ).複數的虛部
• im – image 像（數學）
• inf – infimum of a set. (Also written as glb.) 集合的下确界
• int – interior. 內部（拓撲學）
• ker – kernel. 核（範疇論 Category theory）
• lb – binary logarithm (log₂). (Also written as ld.) 以2爲底的對數
• lcm – lowest common multiple or least common multiple of two numbers. 兩個數的最小公倍數
• ld – binary logarithm (log₂). (Also written as lb.) 以2爲底的對數
• lerp – linear interpolation.^[4] 線性插值
• lg – common logarithm (log₁₀) or binary logarithm (log₂). 經常使用對數或以2爲底的對數
• LHS – left-hand side of an equation. 方程的左側
• Li – offset logarithmic integral function. 偏移對數積分函數
• li – logarithmic integral function or linearly independent. 對數積分函數或線性無關
• lim – limit of a sequence, or of a function. 數列極限或函數極限
• lim inf – limit inferior. 下極限
• lim sup – limit superior. 上極限
• ln – natural logarithm, log_e. 天然對數
• lnp1 – natural logarithm plus 1 function. 天然對數加1極限
• ln1p – natural logarithm plus 1 function. 天然對數加1極限
• log – logarithm. (If without a subscript, this may mean either log₁₀ or log_e.) 對數
• logh – natural logarithm, log_e.^[5] 天然對數
• LST – language of set theory. 集合論語言
• lub – least upper bound.^[1] (Also written sup.) 最小上界
• max – maximum of a set. 集合的最大值
• M.I. – mathematical induction. 數學概括法
• min – minimum of a set. 集合的最小值
• mod – modulo. 模數運算
• mtanh – modified hyperbolic tangent function. (Also written as mth.) 修改後的雙曲正切函數
• mth – modified hyperbolic tangent function. (Also written as mtanh.) 修改後的雙曲正切函數
• mx – matrix. 矩陣
• NAND – not-and in logic. 與非邏輯
• No. – number. 數
• NOR – not-or in logic. 或非邏輯
• NTS – need to show. 須要展現，須要展示
• ob – object class. 對象類
• ord – ordinal number of a well-ordered set.^[3] 良序集的序數
• pdf – probability density function. 機率密度函數
• pf – proof. 證實
• PGL – projective general linear group. 射影通常線性羣
• pmf – probability mass function. 機率質量函數
• Pr – probability of an event. (See Probability theory. Also written as P or .) 事件機率
• PSL – projective special linear group. 射影特殊線性羣
• QED – "Quod erat demonstrandum", a Latin phrase used at the end of a definitive proof. 證實完畢，拉丁語，用在明確證實的結束處。
• QEF – "quod erat faciendum", a Latin phrase sometimes used at the end of a construction. 拉丁語，meaning "which had to be done"，有時用在一次做圖的結尾，意思是這就是要作的。
• ran – range of a function. 函數的值域
• rank – rank. (Also written as rk.) 秩（線性代數）
• Re – real part of a complex number.^[2] (Also written .) 複數的實數部分
• resp – respectively. 分別地，各自地
• RHS – right-hand side of an equation. 方程的右側
• rk – rank. (Also written as rank.) 秩（線性代數）
• RMS, rms – root mean square. 均方根
• rng – non-unital ring. 僞環pseudo-ring
• rot – rotor of a vector field. (Also written as curl.) 向量場的旋度
• RTP – required to prove. 須要證實
• RV – Random Variable. (or as R.V.) 隨機變量
• sec – secant function. 正割函數
• sech – hyperbolic secant function. 雙曲正割函數
• seg – initial segment of.^[1] 初始線段，起始線段
• sem – haversine function. (Also written as hav.) 正半正矢函數
• SFIP – strong finite intersection property. 強有限交集性質
• sgn – signum function. 符號函數
• Shi – hyperbolic sine integral function. 雙曲正弦積分函數
• Si – sine integral function. 正弦積分函數
• sin – sine function. 正弦函數
• sinc – sinc function. sinc函數
• sinh – hyperbolic sine function. 雙曲正弦函數
• siv – versine function. (Also written as ver, vers.) 正矢函數
• SL – special linear group. 特殊線性組
• Soln – solution. 解答
• sp – linear span of a set of vectors. (Also written with angle brackets.) 一組向量的線性範圍
• Spec – spectrum of a ring. 環的譜
• s.t. – such that or so that. 以便
• st – standard part function. 標準局部函數
• STP – [it is] sufficient to prove. 足以證實
• sup – supremum of a set.^[1] (Also written lub.) 上確界，最小上界
• supp – support of a function. 函數的支撐集
• Sym – symmetric group (Sym(n) is also written as S_n.) 對稱羣（n次對稱羣）
• tan – tangent function. (Also written as tgn, tg.) 正切函數
• tanh – hyperbolic tangent function. 雙曲正切函數
• TFAE – the following are equivalent. 如下是等價的
• tg – tangent function. (Also written as tan, tgn.) 正切函數
• tgn – tangent function. (Also written as tan, tg.) 正切函數
• Thm – theorem. 定理
• Tor – Tor functor. Tor 函子
• Tr – trace, either the field trace, or the trace of a matrix or linear transformation. 跡，或場跡，或矩陣或線性變換的跡
• undef – a function or expression is undefined 函數或表達式未定義
• var – variance of a random variable. 隨機變量的方差
• vcs – vercosine function. (Also written as vercos.) 餘矢函數
• ver – versine function. (Also written as vers, siv.) 正矢函數
• vercos – vercosine function. (Also written as vcs.) 餘矢函數
• vers – versine function. (Also written as ver, siv.) 正矢函數
• W^5 – which was what we wanted. Synonym of Q.E.D. 這就是咱們想要的，Q.E.D.的同義詞
• walog – without any loss of generality. 不失通常性
• wff – well-formed formula.  合式公式
• whp – with high probability. 很大機率地
• wlog – without loss of generality. 不失通常性
• WMA – we may assume. 咱們可能假設
• WO – well-ordered set.^[1] 良序集
• wp1 - with probability 1. 以機率1
• wrt – with respect to or with regard to. 對
• WTP – want to prove. 想要證實
• WTS – want to show. 想要展現，想要展示
• XOR – exclusive or in logic. 異或邏輯
• ZF – Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms of set theory.^[3] 集合論的策梅洛-弗蘭克爾公理
• ZFC – Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms (with the Axiom of Choice) of set theory.^[3] 集合論的（含有選擇公理）策梅洛-弗蘭克爾公理

References

• Goldrei, Derek (1996). Classic Set Theory. London, UK: Chapman and Hall. pp. 283–287 (Index). ISBN 0-412-60610-0.
• Priestley, H. A. (2003). Introduction to Complex Analysis (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 321 (Notation index) ISBN 978-0-19-852562-2.
• Hamilton, A. G. (1982). Numbers, sets and axioms. Cambridge University Press. pp. 249–251 (Index of symbols). ISBN 0-521-24509-5.  Raymond, Eric S. (2003), "LERP", Jargon File, 4.4.7
• Jolley, L.B.W. (1961). Summation of Series (2 (revised) ed.). New York, USA: Dover Publications, Inc.LCCN 61-65274.

 

English Texts From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_abbreviations