Redhat Linux上mysql安裝-RPM安裝

Linux平臺上Mysql一般有三種安裝方式，即：

Rpm安裝

通用二進制包安裝

源碼安裝包

本文先就RPM安裝方式進行介紹，在此主要仍是開源的社區版本介紹，首先下載

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

能夠選擇針對不一樣平臺的安裝包類型，目前最新的版本是5.7.11，RPM版本也有各類類型，瞭解了此，才能選擇合適的安裝包：

Package Name	Summary
mysql-community-server	Database server and  related tools
mysql-community-client	MySQL client  applications and tools
mysql-community-common	Common files for  server and client libraries
mysql-community-devel	Development header  files and libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs	Shared libraries  for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs-compat	Shared  compatibility libraries for previous MySQL installations
mysql-community-embedded	MySQL embedded  library
mysql-community-embedded-devel	Development header  files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-community-test	Test suite for the  MySQL server

 

其具體名稱結構以下：

packagename-version-distribution-arch.rpm

version就不用說啦，其實就是數據庫的版本，distribution和arch表示的是爲什麼種LINUX類型和CPU平臺構建的安裝包，具體的分發標誌以下：

distribution Value	Intended Use
el5, el6, el7	Red  Hat Enterprise Linux/Oracle Linux/CentOS 5, 6, or 7
fc22, fc23	Fedora  22 or 23
sles12	SUSE  Linux Enterprise Server 12

 

好比：mysql-community-server-5.7.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm，就是RedHat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit),上的RPMPackage
MySQL Server安裝包

 

安裝呢就很簡單：

shell> rpm -qpl mysql-community-server-version-distribution-arch.rpm

能夠看到RPM包安裝起來簡單，比較適合初學者，可是須要根據具體需求下載合適的安裝包如server和client須要單獨分開安裝，具體參見上表；

另外就是安裝路徑不靈活，默認路徑不可修改，因此一臺server上只能安裝一個server,具體路徑以下：

Files or Resources	Location
Client  programs and scripts	/usr/bin
mysqld  server	/usr/sbin
Configuration  file	/etc/my.cnf
Data  directory	/var/lib/mysql
Error  log file	For  RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /var/log/mysqld.log For  SLES: /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
Value  of secure_file_priv	/var/lib/mysql-files
System  V init script	For  RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /etc/init.d/mysqld For  SLES: /etc/init.d/mysql
Systemd  service	For  RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: mysqld For  SLES: mysql
Pid  file	/var/run/mysql/mysqld.pid
Socket	/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Keyring  directory	/var/lib/mysql-keyring
Unix  manual pages	/usr/share/man
Include  (header) files	/usr/include/mysql
Libraries	/usr/lib/mysql
Miscellaneous  support files (for example, error messages, and character set files)	/usr/share/mysql

 

安裝完畢後MYSQL並非自動啓動，而須要手工啓動：

shell> service mysqld start

 

初始化啓動服務器後，超級帳戶’root’@localhost’被建立，用戶密碼被生產放在了error log文件中，採用

shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

能夠找到，登錄修改密碼便可：

shell> mysql -uroot -p

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

 

這樣就完成了rpm安裝包的安裝，仍是挺快的。