關閉鏈接池也很簡單,在鏈接字符串以下:
Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;Integrated Security=SSPI;Pooling=False
;
但鏈接池的本質是什麼樣的呢?
用Reflector
,打開System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection
的ConnectionString
屬性的設置值的方法,以下:
private void ConnectionString_Set(string value)
{
DbConnectionOptions userConnectionOptions = null;
DbConnectionPoolGroup group = this.ConnectionFactory.GetConnectionPoolGroup(value, null, ref userConnectionOptions);
DbConnectionInternal innerConnection = this.InnerConnection;
bool allowSetConnectionString = innerConnection.AllowSetConnectionString;
if (allowSetConnectionString)
{
allowSetConnectionString= this.SetInnerConnectionFrom(DbConnectionClosedBusy.SingletonInstance, innerConnection);
if (allowSetConnectionString)
{
this._userConnectionOptions = userConnectionOptions;
this._poolGroup = group;
this._innerConnection = DbConnectionClosedNeverOpened.SingletonInstance;
}
}
if (!allowSetConnectionString)
{
throw ADP.OpenConnectionPropertySet("ConnectionString", innerConnection.State);
}
if (Bid.TraceOn)
{
string str = (userConnectionOptions != null) ? userConnectionOptions.UsersConnectionStringForTrace() : "";
Bid.Trace("<prov.DbConnectionHelper.ConnectionString_Set|API> %d#, '%ls'\n", this.ObjectID, str);
}
}
再鏈接
到紅色的GetConnectionPoolGroup
方法,以下代碼
internal DbConnectionPoolGroup GetConnectionPoolGroup(string connectionString, DbConnectionPoolGroupOptions poolOptions, ref DbConnectionOptions userConnectionOptions)
{
DbConnectionPoolGroup group;
if (ADP.IsEmpty(connectionString))
{
return null;
}
if (!this._connectionPoolGroups.TryGetValue(connectionString, out group) || (group.IsDisabled && (group.PoolGroupOptions != null)))
{
DbConnectionOptions options = this.CreateConnectionOptions(connectionString, userConnectionOptions);
if (options == null)
{
throw ADP.InternalConnectionError(ADP.ConnectionError.ConnectionOptionsMissing);
}
string str = connectionString;
if (userConnectionOptions == null)
{
userConnectionOptions = options;
str = options.Expand();
if (str != connectionString)
{
return this.GetConnectionPoolGroup(str, null, ref userConnectionOptions);
}
}
if ((poolOptions == null) && ADP.IsWindowsNT)
{
if (group != null)
{
poolOptions = group.PoolGroupOptions;
}
else
{
poolOptions = this.CreateConnectionPoolGroupOptions(options);
}
}
DbConnectionPoolGroup group2 = new DbConnectionPoolGroup(options, poolOptions) {
ProviderInfo = this.CreateConnectionPoolGroupProviderInfo(options)
};
lock (this)
{
Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> dictionary = this._connectionPoolGroups;
if (!dictionary.TryGetValue(str, out group))
{
Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> dictionary2 = new Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup>(1 + dictionary.Count);
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> pair in dictionary)
{
dictionary2.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
}
dictionary2.Add(str, group2);
this.PerformanceCounters.NumberOfActiveConnectionPoolGroups.Increment();
group = group2;
this._connectionPoolGroups = dictionary2;
}
return group;
}
}
if (userConnectionOptions == null)
{
userConnectionOptions = group.ConnectionOptions;
}
return group;
}
TryGetValue
是判斷是否存在鏈接字符串爲connectionString
的鏈接,存在返回到group
,不存在就調用CreateConnectionOptions
建立一個DbConnectionOptions
,最後用
lock (this)
{
Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> dictionary = this._connectionPoolGroups;
if (!dictionary.TryGetValue(str, out group))
{
Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> dictionary2 = new Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup>(1 + dictionary.Count);
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup> pair in dictionary)
{
dictionary2.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
}
dictionary2.Add(str, group2);
this.PerformanceCounters.NumberOfActiveConnectionPoolGroups.Increment();
group = group2;
this._connectionPoolGroups = dictionary2;
}
return group;
}
這段代碼放到鏈接池中,在這裏,可能顯示的看到,ado.NET
的鏈接池實質上是一個Dictionary<string, DbConnectionPoolGroup>
泛型集合。
所謂的鏈接池,就是一個與鏈接對象Connection
相關的集合,這不僅是簡單的集合,而是有必定的機制在內部。咱們作開發時,可能創建Connection
鏈接對象,關閉鏈接對象,有時候還調用Dispose
來釋放鏈接。下次再用時,便從新實例化一個鏈接。但在池中的鏈接不隨鏈接對象的Close
或Dispose
而釋放。若是下次從新創建鏈接,鏈接字符串與前一次徹底如出一轍,則鏈接池就會把上次可用的鏈接對象賦給鏈接去用。若是兩個鏈接字符串有一點不同,即便在某一個地方多一個空格,鏈接池也不會覺得是相同的鏈接,這點微軟可能在內部只直接去比較兩個字符串了,而不是比較鏈接數據庫字符串的鍵值互相匹配。
鏈接池的好處就是保留鏈接對象,防止下次重頭再來實例化一個鏈接對象。
(說明:可能找到結果後以爲很是簡單,但怎麼找到結果的,倒是費了很大勁,幾乎是5
個小時,因此相把找到結果的過程簡單說一下:
一開始用Reflector
發現SqlConnection
中有一個PoolGroup
的屬性,因而就想在運行時候比較兩個SqlConnection
對象的這個屬性,但因爲這個屬性是的訪問修飾符是internal
的,不能直接訪問,只有用反射,代碼(是通過優化的)以下:
string constr1 = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;Integrated Security=SSPI;";
string constr2 = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=Pubs;Integrated Security=SSPI;";
string AssMark = "System.Data,Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089";
Assembly ass = Assembly.Load(AssMark);
Type SqlConType = null;
foreach (Type conType in ass.GetExportedTypes())
{
Console.WriteLine(conType .ToString ());
if ("System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection" == conType.ToString())
{
SqlConType = conType;
}
}
if (SqlConType != null)
{
Type[] types1 = new Type[0];
ConstructorInfo constructorInfoObj1 = SqlConType.GetConstructor(
BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public, null,
CallingConventions.HasThis, types1, null);
SqlConnection con1 = (SqlConnection)constructorInfoObj1.Invoke(null);
con1.ConnectionString = constr1;
SqlConnection con2 = (SqlConnection)constructorInfoObj1.Invoke(null);
con2.ConnectionString = constr2;
PropertyInfo PI = SqlConType.GetProperty("PoolGroup", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
object poolGroup1 = PI.GetValue(con1, null);
object poolGroup2 = PI.GetValue(con2, null);
}
而後在倒數第一行設置斷點,爲比較poolGroup1
和poolGroup2
的不一樣,結果發現,當鏈接字符串同樣時,這兩個對象的_objectID
相同,字符串有一點不一樣就會不一樣,這點說明鏈接池中是用字符串自己比較的,而不是字符串中鍵值對進行比較。同還發現當con1
和con2
的ConnectionString
不賦值時這兩個對象都是null
,由此說明關鍵是ConnectionString
賦值上,因此纔開始用Reflector
查看這個屬性的賦值方法,纔有上面的代碼。)