CentOS7位安裝MySql教程

時間  2020-05-25
標籤 centos7 centos 安裝 mysql 教程 欄目 Tomcat 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

1.先檢查系統是否裝有mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysqlphp

2.下載mysql的repo源

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpmmysql

 

3.安裝 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包

 

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpmsql

 

4.安裝MySQL

 

sudo yum install mysql-server數據庫

 

5.重置MySQL密碼

 

mysql -u rootvim

 

若是報錯：緩存

 

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)bash

 

緣由：緣由是/var/lib/mysql的訪問權限問題。服務器

 

chown root /var/lib/mysql/socket

 

重啓MySQL服務ide

 

service mysqld restart

 

接着登錄設置密碼

 

mysql -u root

 

use mysql;

 

update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

 

exit;

 

6.重啓MySQL服務

 

service mysqld restart

 

接着設置Root帳戶遠程鏈接密碼，帳戶和密碼都是 root

 

 mysql -u root -p

 

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";　

 

重啓服務器 

 

service mysqld restart

 

7.使用外網工具鏈接MySQL

 

鏈接mysql的用戶名和密碼都是 root

 

關閉防火牆

 

systemctl stop firewalld.service

 

 

 

 

下面爲另外一種辦法，可是，測試沒有成功

鏈接MySQL服務器，修改密碼

 

1）查看初始密碼

 

  1. [root@host50 ~]#grep –i 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
  2. 2017-04-01T18:10:42.948679Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mtoa>Av<p6Yk //隨機生成的管理密碼爲mtoa>Av<p6Yk

 

2）使用初始密碼鏈接mysql服務

 

  1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -u root -p'mtoa>Av<p6Yk' //初始密碼登陸，
  2. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
  4. Your MySQL connection id is 11
  5. Server version: 5.7.17
  7. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  9. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  10. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  11. owners.
  13. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  14. mysql>                                     //登陸成功後，進入SQL操做環境

 

3）重置數據庫管理員roo本機登陸密碼

 

  1. mysql> show databases;
  2. ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement //提示必須修改密碼
  3. mysql> alter user root@」localhost」 identified by "123qqq…A"; //修改登錄密碼
  4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  5. mysql> exit //斷開鏈接
  6. [root@host50 ~]#

 

4）修改密碼策略

 

  1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A
  2. mysql>
  3. mysql>set global validate_password_policy=0; //只驗證長度
  4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  5. mysql>set global validate_password_length=6； //修改密碼長度,默認值是8個字符
  6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  7. mysql> alter user root@」localhost」 identified by "tarena"; //修改登錄密碼
  8. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  9. mysql>exit

 

5）使用修改後的密碼登陸

 

  1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -uroot -ptarena        //登陸
  2. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
  3. Your MySQL connection id is 15
  4. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  8. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  9. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  10. owners.
  11. mysql> show databases; //查看數據庫
  12. +--------------------+
  13. | Database |
  14. +--------------------+
  15. | information_schema |
  16. | mysql |
  17. | performance_schema |
  18. | sys                |
  19. +--------------------+
  20. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  21. mysql>
  29. 張少龍博客

    yum -y install httpd mariadb-server mariadb php php-mysql

    [root@xuegod63 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
    [root@xuegod63 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

    [root@xuegod63 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini #php運用程序的配置文件
    改：211 short_open_tag = Off
    爲：211 short_open_tag = On

    複製代碼 
    show databases; use mysql; show tables; select database();#查看所處的位置 mysql -e 'show databases' -uroot -p123456 select now(),user(),database();
    複製代碼

     

    刪庫

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    MariaDB [xuegod]> drop database `HA-test`; 直接到數據庫存放目錄移出就行 MariaDB [HA]> create database `HA-test1`; [root@xuegod63 mysql]# mv /var/lib/mysql/HA@002dtest1 /opt/ show databases; drop database if exists `HA-test`; #IF EXISTS：若是存在
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     

    建立表：

    MariaDB [xuegod]> create database xuegod; MariaDB [xuegod]> use xuegod; MariaDB [xuegod]> create table student(id int(20),name char(40),age int);

    查看錶結構

    MariaDB [xuegod]> desc student;

     

    （4）查看建立表執行了哪些命令：

    MariaDB [xuegod]> show create table student \G MariaDB [xuegod]> create table student2(id int(20),name char(40),age int)ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

     

    #能夠指定表的默認存儲引擎和字符集

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    alter table student rename students; #修改表名 alter table students modify id int(10);#修改字段類型 alter table students change name stname char(20);#修更名字和字段 alter table students add sex enum('M','W');#添加字段 alter table students add uid int(10) first;#添加到第一列 alter table students add address char(40) after age;#添加到age字段後面 alter table students drop address; #刪除某address字段
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    create table student(id int(20),name char(40),age int); insert into student values(2,'lis',24),(3,'wange',26); select * from student; select * from student\G #字段按行顯示 select *from HA.student;#跨庫查詢 delete from students where id=3;#刪除數據 delete from students where age is null; 刪除adge爲空的內容 update students set sex='M' where id=2;更新 select distinct name,age from student;#去重查詢 select id,name,age from student where id>3 and age>25;#多條件查詢 select * from students where stname='zhangsan' and (age=21 or age=24); select * from student where binary name='jk';#區分大小寫查詢 默認不區分 select distinct id from student order by id asc;#升序 select distinct id from student order by id desc;#降序 help show;
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     

    mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B 遷移的庫名 > 導出名稱.sql


    yum 安裝mysql5.7的方法：

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    yum -y remove mariadb* rpm -Uvh https://repo.mysql.com//yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm yum list #刷新yum源緩存 yum -y install mysql-community-server #安裝mysql5.7 systemctl start mysqld #啓動mysql會生成臨時密碼 grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 命令獲取MySQL的臨時密碼 mysql -uroot -p'&B=o4Fp!Rq_X'
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     

    方法一：首先，修改validate_password_policy參數的值

    MariaDB [xuegod]> set global validate_password_policy=0; #定義複雜度 MariaDB [xuegod]> set global validate_password_length=1; #定義長度 默認是8 MariaDB [xuegod]> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456'); MariaDB [xuegod]> flush privileges;

    方法二：在/etc/my.cnf 可關閉密碼強度審計插件，重啓mysql服務

    validate-password=ON/OFF/FORCE/FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT#(及強制/永久強制使用)。

    mysql -uroot -p123456 < 導出名稱.sql

    字符集的查詢和修改

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    show variables like 'character_set%';#當前字符集 show create table user \G #查看錶的字符集 SHOW CREATE DATABASE mysql;#查看庫的字符集 SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM user;#查看字段編碼 ALTER DATABASE db_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE ...]; ALTER TABLE logtest DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; ALTER TABLE logtest CHANGE title title VARCHAR(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; select * from user\G
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     數據庫導入導出

    mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A >all.sql mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --all-databases >all2.sql  A：導入全部數據庫 mysql -uroot -p123456 <all.sql

     強制修改密碼5.7 mysql

    複製代碼
    複製代碼 
    5.7 版本強制修改密碼 vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] skip-grant-tables

    執行修改命令 5.7之前用   update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where User='root';    update usersetpassword=password(「新密碼」) where user=」用戶名」;
    複製代碼
    複製代碼

     沒法建表sbtest1s刪除表空間就能夠了

    複製代碼 
    [root@mysql115 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/pcms 總用量 36 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 61 8月 17 09:02 db.opt -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 65536 8月 17 09:09 sbtest1.ibd [root@mysql115 ~]# rm /var/lib/mysql/pcms/sbtest1.ibd rm：是否刪除普通文件 "/var/lib/mysql/pcms/sbtest1.ibd"？y
    複製代碼
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