MySQL查詢語句的45道練習
1、設有一數據庫，包括四個表：學生表（Student）、課程表（Course）、成績表（Score）以及教師信息表（Teacher）。四個表的結構分別如表1-1的表（一）~表（四）所示，數據如表1-2的表（一）~表（四）所示。用SQL語句建立四個表並完成相關題目。sql
表1-1數據庫的表結構數據庫
表（一）Student (學生表) post
| 屬性名spa |
數據類型操作系統 |
能否爲空3d |
含 義code |
| Snoblog |
varchar (20)排序 |
否ci |
學號（主碼） |
| Sname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
學生姓名 |
| Ssex |
varchar (20) |
否 |
學生性別 |
| Sbirthday |
datetime |
可 |
學生出生年月 |
| Class |
varchar (20) |
可 |
學生所在班級 |
表（二）Course（課程表）
| 屬性名 |
數據類型 |
能否爲空 |
含 義 |
| Cno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
課程號（主碼） |
| Cname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
課程名稱 |
| Tno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工編號（外碼） |
表（三）Score(成績表)
| 屬性名 |
數據類型 |
能否爲空 |
含 義 |
| Sno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
學號（外碼） |
| Cno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
課程號（外碼） |
| Degree |
Decimal(4,1) |
可 |
成績 |
| 主碼：Sno+ Cno |
|||
表（四）Teacher(教師表)
| 屬性名 |
數據類型 |
能否爲空 |
含 義 |
| Tno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工編號（主碼） |
| Tname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工姓名 |
| Tsex |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工性別 |
| Tbirthday |
datetime |
可 |
教工出生年月 |
| Prof |
varchar (20) |
可 |
職稱 |
| Depart |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工所在部門 |
表1-2數據庫中的數據
表（一）Student
| Sno |
Sname |
Ssex |
Sbirthday |
class |
| 108 |
曾華 |
男 |
1977-09-01 |
95033 |
| 105 |
匡明 |
男 |
1975-10-02 |
95031 |
| 107 |
王麗 |
女 |
1976-01-23 |
95033 |
| 101 |
李軍 |
男 |
1976-02-20 |
95033 |
| 109 |
王芳 |
女 |
1975-02-10 |
95031 |
| 103 |
陸君 |
男 |
1974-06-03 |
95031 |
表（二）Course
| Cno |
Cname |
Tno |
| 3-105 |
計算機導論 |
825 |
| 3-245 |
操做系統 |
804 |
| 6-166 |
數字電路 |
856 |
| 9-888 |
高等數學 |
831 |
表（三）Score
| Sno |
Cno |
Degree |
| 103 |
3-245 |
86 |
| 105 |
3-245 |
75 |
| 109 |
3-245 |
68 |
| 103 |
3-105 |
92 |
| 105 |
3-105 |
88 |
| 109 |
3-105 |
76 |
| 101 |
3-105 |
64 |
| 107 |
3-105 |
91 |
| 108 |
3-105 |
78 |
| 101 |
6-166 |
85 |
| 107 |
6-166 |
79 |
| 108 |
6-166 |
81 |
表（四）Teacher
| Tno |
Tname |
Tsex |
Tbirthday |
Prof |
Depart |
| 804 |
李誠 |
男 |
1958-12-02 |
副教授 |
計算機系 |
| 856 |
張旭 |
男 |
1969-03-12 |
講師 |
電子工程系 |
| 825 |
王萍 |
女 |
1972-05-05 |
助教 |
計算機系 |
| 831 |
劉冰 |
女 |
1977-08-14 |
助教 |
電子工程系 |
#建學生信息表student
create table student
(
sno varchar(20) not null primary key,
sname varchar(20) not null,
ssex varchar(20) not null,
sbirthday datetime,
class varchar(20)
);
#創建教師表
create table teacher
(
tno varchar(20) not null primary key,
tname varchar(20) not null,
tsex varchar(20) not null,
tbirthday datetime,
prof varchar(20),
depart varchar(20) not null
);
#創建課程表course
create table course
(
cno varchar(20) not null primary key,
cname varchar(20) not null,
tno varchar(20) not null,
foreign key(tno) references teacher(tno)
);
#創建成績表
create table score
(
sno varchar(20) not null primary key,
foreign key(sno) references student(sno),
cno varchar(20) not null,
foreign key(cno) references course(cno),
degree decimal
);
#添加學生信息
insert into student values('108','曾華','男','1977-09-01','95033');
insert into student values('105','匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031');
insert into student values('107','王麗','女','1976-01-23','95033');
insert into student values('101','李軍','男','1976-02-20','95033');
insert into student values('109','王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031');
insert into student values('103','陸君','男','1974-06-03','95031');
#添加教師表
insert into teacher values('804','李誠','男','1958-12-02','副教授','計算機系');
insert into teacher values('856','張旭','男','1969-03-12','講師','電子工程系');
insert into teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','計算機系');
insert into teacher values('831','劉冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','電子工程系');
#添加課程表
insert into course values('3-105','計算機導論','825');
insert into course values('3-245','操做系統','804');
insert into course values('6-166','數字電路','856');
insert into course values('9-888','高等數學','831');
#添加成績表
insert into score values('103','3-245','86');
insert into score values('105','3-245','75');
insert into score values('109','3-245','68');
insert into score values('103','3-105','92');
insert into score values('105','3-105','88');
insert into score values('109','3-105','76');
insert into score values('103','3-105','64');
insert into score values('105','3-105','91');
insert into score values('109','3-105','78');
insert into score values('103','6-166','85');
insert into score values('105','6-166','79');
insert into score values('109','6-166','81');
一、 查詢Student表中的全部記錄的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
|
1
|
select
Sname,Ssex,Class
from
student
|
二、 查詢教師全部的單位即不重複的Depart列。
|
1
|
select
distinct
Depart
from
teacher
|
三、 查詢Student表的全部記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
student
|
四、 查詢Score表中成績在60到80之間的全部記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
where
Degree
between
60
and
80
|
五、 查詢Score表中成績爲85，86或88的記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
where
Degree
in
(85,86,88)
|
六、 查詢Student表中「95031」班或性別爲「女」的同窗記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
where
class=
'95031'
or
Ssex=
'女'
|
七、 以Class降序查詢Student表的全部記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
student
order
by
class
desc
|
八、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查詢Score表的全部記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
order
by
cno
asc
,degree
desc
|
九、 查詢「95031」班的學生人數。
|
1
|
select
count
(*)
from
student
where
class=
'95031'
|
十、 查詢Score表中的最高分的學生學號和課程號。（子查詢或者排序）
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno
from
Score
where
Degree=(
select
max
(Degree)
from
Score)
|
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno
from
Score
order
by
Degree
desc
limit 0,1
|
十一、 查詢每門課的平均成績。
|
1
|
select
Cno,
avg
(degree)
from
Score
group
by
Cno
|
十二、 查詢Score表中至少有5名學生選修的並以3開頭的課程的平均分數。
|
1
|
select
avg
(Degree)
from
score
where
Cno
like
'3%'
and
Cno
in
(
select
Cno
from
score
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=5) 用
in
不用= 是由於可能會有多個
|
|
1
|
簡單寫法：
select
avg
(Degree)
from
score
where
Cno
like
'3%'
and
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=5
|
1三、 查詢分數大於70，小於90的Sno列。
|
1
|
select
Sno
from
Score
where
degree>70
and
degree<90
|
1四、 查詢全部學生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sname, Cno,Degree
from
Score , student
where
Score.Sno=student.Sno
|
1五、 查詢全部學生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cname,Degree
from
Score , Course
where
Score.Cno=Course.Cno
|
1六、 查詢全部學生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sname,Cname,Degree
from
student,course,score
where
student.Sno=score.Sno
and
course.Cno=score.Cno
|
|
1
|
join
..
on
寫法：
select
Sname,Cname,Degree
from
student
join
score
on
student.Sno=score.Sno
join
course
on
course.Cno=score.Cno
|
1七、 查詢「95033」班學生的平均分。
|
1
|
select
avg
(degree)
as
'class=95033'
from
Score
where
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from
Student
where
Class=
'95033'
)
|
1八、 假設使用以下命令創建了一個grade表：
create table grade(low int(3),upp int(3),rank char(1))
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)
現查詢全部同窗的Sno、Cno和rank列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,rank
from
Score,grade
where
degree
between
low
and
upp
|
1九、查詢選修「3-105」課程的成績高於「109」號同窗成績的全部同窗的記錄。
|
1
|
<span style=
"color: #000000; font-size: 15px"
>109同窗，選修是3-105課的</span>
|
|
1
|
select
*
from
score
where
Cno=
'3-105'
and
degree>(
select
max
(degree )
from
Score
where
Sno=
'109'
and
Cno=
'3-105'
)
|
|
1
|
<span style=
"font-size: 15px"
>109同窗，沒有選修3-105課</span>
|
|
1
|
select
*
from
score
where
Cno=
'3-105'
and
degree>(
select
max
(degree )
from
Score
where
Sno=
'109'
)
|
and degree<( select max(degree ) from Score where sno in (select Sno from score group by Sno having count(*)>1))
|
1
|
選了多門課程而且是這個課程下不是最高分的
|
|
1
|
select
*
from
score a
where
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from
score
group
by
Sno
having
count
(*)>1)
and
degree<(
select
max
(degree )
from
Score b
where
b.cno = a.cno)
|
2一、查詢成績高於學號爲「109」、課程號爲「3-105」的成績的全部記錄。
|
1
|
Select
*
from
score
where
degree>(
select
degree
from
Score
where
Sno=
'109'
and
Cno=
'3-105'
)
|
2二、查詢和學號爲10八、101的同窗同年出生的全部學生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
|
1
|
select
sno,sname,sbirthday
from
student
where
year
(sbirthday) = (
select
year
(sbirthday)
from
student
where
sno=
'108'
)
|
|
1
|
select
sno,sname,sbirthday
from
student
where
year
(sbirthday) = (
select
year
(sbirthday)
from
student
where
sno=
'101'
)
|
2三、查詢「張旭「教師任課的學生成績。
|
1
|
select
Sno,degree
from
score,Course
where
score.Cno=Course.Cno
and
Course.Tno= (
select
Tno
from
Teacher
where
Tname=
'張旭'
)
|
|
1
|
select
degree
from
score
where
Cno
in
(
select
cno
from
course
where
Tno= (
select
Tno
from
Teacher
where
Tname=
'張旭'
) )
|
2四、查詢選修某課程的同窗人數多於5人的教師姓名。
|
1
|
select
Tname
from
Teacher, Course
where
Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno
and
Course.Cno =(
select
Cno
from
Score
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>5)
|
|
1
|
select
Tname
from
Teacher
where
tno=(
select
Tno
from
Course
where
cno=(
select
Cno
from
Score
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>5 ))
|
2五、查詢95033班和95031班全體學生的記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
student
where
class
in
(
'95033'
,
'95031'
)
|
2六、 查詢存在有85分以上成績的課程Cno.
|
1
|
select
Cno
from
score
where
degree>85
|
2七、查詢出「計算機系「教師所教課程的成績表。
|
1
|
select
*
from
course
where
cno
in
(
select
cno
from
course
where
tno
in
(
select
tno
from
teacher
where
Depart=
'計算機系'
))
|
2八、查詢「計算 機系」與「電子工程系「不一樣職稱的教師的Tname和Prof。
|
1
|
select
Tname,Prof
from
Teacher
where
Depart =
'計算機系'
and
Prof
not
in
(
select
Prof
from
Teacher
where
Depart =
'電子工程系'
)<br>
union
<br>
select
Tname,Prof
from
Teacher
where
Depart =
'電子工程系'
and
Prof
not
in
(
select
Prof
from
Teacher
where
Depart =
'計算機系'
)
|
2九、查詢選修編號爲「3-105「課程且成績至少高於選修編號爲「3-245」的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree,並按Degree從高到低次序排序。
any:表明括號中任意一個成績就能夠
|
1
|
select
Cno,Sno,Degree
from
score
where
cno=
'3-105'
and
degree >
any
(
select
degree
from
score
where
cno=
'3-245'
)
order
by
degree
desc
|
30、查詢選修編號爲「3-105」且成績高於選修編號爲「3-245」課程的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree.
all:表明括號中的全部成績
|
1
|
select
Cno,Sno,Degree
from
score
where
cno=
'3-105'
and
degree >
all
(
select
degree
from
score
where
cno=
'3-245'
)
order
by
degree
desc
|
3一、 查詢全部教師和同窗的name、sex和birthday.
|
1
|
select
tname,tsex,tbirthday
from
Teacher
union
select
sname,ssex,sbirthday
from
Student
|
3二、查詢全部「女」教師和「女」同窗的name、sex和birthday.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday
from
Teacher
where
Tsex=
'女'
union
select
Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday
from
Student
where
Ssex=
'女'
|
3三、 查詢成績比該課程平均成績低的同窗的成績表。
|
1
|
select
*
from
score a
where
degree < (
select
avg
(degree)
from
score b
where
b.cno=a.cno)
|
3四、 查詢全部任課教師的Tname和Depart.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Depart
from
Teacher
where
tno
in
(
select
tno
from
course )
|
35 、 查詢全部未講課的教師的Tname和Depart.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Depart
from
Teacher
where
Tno
not
in
(
select
Tno
from
Course
where
cno
in
(
select
cno
from
score ))
|
3六、查詢至少有2名男生的班號。
|
1
|
select
class
from
student
where
ssex=
'男'
group
by
class
having
count
(*)>1
|
3七、查詢Student表中不姓「王」的同窗記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
where
Sname
not
like
'王%%'
|
3八、查詢Student表中每一個學生的姓名和年齡。
|
1
|
select
Sname,
year
(now())-
year
(sbirthday)
from
Student
|
3九、查詢Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
|
1
|
select
Max
(Sbirthday ),
Min
(Sbirthday )
from
Student
|
40、以班號和年齡從大到小的順序查詢Student表中的所有記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
order
by
class
desc
, Sbirthday
|
4一、查詢「男」教師及其所上的課程。
|
1
|
select
Tname,Cname
from
course,teacher
where
course.tno= teacher.tno
and
teacher.Tsex=
'男'
|
4二、查詢最高分同窗的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,Degree
from
score
where
degree=(
select
max
(degree)
from
score)
|
排序寫法：
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,Degree
from
score
order
by
degree
desc
limit 0,1
|
4三、查詢和「李軍」同性別的全部同窗的Sname.
|
1
|
select
Sname
from
Student
where
Ssex = (
select
Ssex
from
Student
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
|
4四、查詢和「李軍」同性別並同班的同窗Sname.
|
1
|
select
Sname
from
Student
where
Ssex = (
select
Ssex
from
Student
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
and
class=(
select
class
from
student
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
|
4五、查詢全部選修「計算機導論」課程的「男」同窗的成績表。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,degree
from
score
where
Cno=(
select
Cno
from
course
where
Cname=
'計算機導論'
)
and
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from
student
where
Ssex=
'男'
)
|
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