MySQL查詢語句的45道練習（2019.09最新版）
1、設有一數據庫，包括四個表：學生表（Student）、課程表（Course）、成績表（Score）以及教師信息表（Teacher）。用SQL語句建立四個表並完成相關題目。sql
建表語句數據庫
#添加學生信息
drop table if exists Student;
create table if not exists Student(
sno varchar(20) not null primary key comment '學生編號',
sname varchar(20) not null comment '名稱',
ssex varchar(20) not null comment '性別',
sbirthday datetime comment '生日',
class varchar(20) comment '班級'
)comment ='學生表';
insert into Student values('108','曾華','男','1977-09-01','95033');
insert into Student values('105','匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031');
insert into Student values('107','王麗','女','1976-01-23','95033');
insert into Student values('101','李軍','男','1976-02-20','95033');
insert into Student values('109','王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031');
insert into Student values('103','陸君','男','1974-06-03','95031');
#添加教師表
drop table if exists Teacher;
create table if not exists Teacher(
tno varchar(20) not null primary key comment '教師編號',
tname varchar(20) not null comment '教師姓名',
tsex varchar(20) not null comment '教師性別',
tbirthday datetime comment '教師生日',
prof varchar(20) comment '課程',
depart varchar(20) not null comment '部門'
)comment '教師表';
insert into Teacher values('804','李誠','男','1958-12-02','副教授','計算機系');
insert into Teacher values('856','張旭','男','1969-03-12','講師','電子工程系');
insert into Teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','計算機系');
insert into Teacher values('831','劉冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','電子工程系');
#添加課程表
drop table if exists Course;
create table if not exists Course(
cno varchar(20) not null primary key comment '課程編號',
cname varchar(20) not null comment '課程名稱',
tno varchar(20) not null comment '執教老師編號',
foreign key(tno) references Teacher(tno)
)comment '課程表';
insert into Course values('3-105','計算機導論','825');
insert into Course values('3-245','操做系統','804');
insert into Course values('6-166','數字電路','856');
insert into Course values('9-888','高等數學','831');
#添加成績表
drop table if exists Score;
create table if not exists Score(
sno varchar(20) not null comment '學生編號',
foreign key(sno) references Student(sno),
cno varchar(20) not null comment '課程編號',
foreign key(cno) references Course(cno),
degree decimal(4,1) comment '課程分數',
primary key(sno, cno)
)comment '成績表';
insert into Score values('101','3-105','64');
insert into Score values('103','3-105','92');
insert into Score values('103','3-245','86');
insert into Score values('103','6-166','85');
insert into Score values('105','3-105','88');
insert into Score values('105','3-245','75');
insert into Score values('105','6-166','79');
insert into Score values('109','3-105','78');
insert into Score values('109','3-245','68');
insert into Score values('109','6-166','81');
一、 查詢Student表中的全部記錄的Sname、Ssex和Class列。spa
|
1
|
select
Sname,Ssex,Class
from S
tudent
|
二、 查詢教師全部的單位即不重複的Depart列。操作系統
|
1
|
select
distinct
Depart
from T
eacher
|
三、 查詢Student表的全部記錄。code
|
1
|
select
*
from S
tudent
|
四、 查詢Score表中成績在60到80之間的全部記錄。blog
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
where
Degree
between
60
and
80
|
五、 查詢Score表中成績爲85，86或88的記錄。排序
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
where
Degree
in
(85,86,88)
|
六、 查詢Student表中「95031」班或性別爲「女」的同窗記錄。ci
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
where
class=
'95031'
or
Ssex=
'女'
|
七、 以Class降序查詢Student表的全部記錄。數學
|
1
|
select
*
from S
tudent
order
by
class
desc
|
八、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查詢Score表的全部記錄。string
|
1
|
select
*
from
Score
order
by
cno
asc
,degree
desc
|
九、 查詢「95031」班的學生人數。
|
1
|
select
count
(*)
from S
tudent
where
class=
'95031'
|
十、 查詢Score表中的最高分的學生學號和課程號。（子查詢或者排序）
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno
from
Score
where
Degree=(
select
max
(Degree)
from
Score)
|
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno
from
Score
order
by
Degree
desc
limit 0,1
|
十一、 查詢每門課的平均成績。
|
1
|
select
Cno,
avg
(degree)
from
Score
group
by
Cno
|
十二、 查詢Score表中至少有4名學生選修的並以3開頭的課程的平均分數。
|
1
|
select
avg
(Degree)
from S
core
where
Cno
like
'3%'
and
Cno
in
(
select
Cno
from S
core
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=4) 用
in
不用= 是由於可能會有多個
|
|
1
|
簡單寫法：
select
avg
(Degree)
from S
core
where
Cno
like
'3%'
and
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=4
|
1三、 查詢分數大於70，小於90的Sno列。
|
1
|
select
Sno
from
Score
where
degree>70
and
degree<90
|
1四、 查詢全部學生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sname, Cno,Degree
from
Score , Student
where
Score.Sno=Student.Sno
|
1五、 查詢全部學生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cname,Degree
from
Score , Course
where
Score.Cno=Course.Cno
|
1六、 查詢全部學生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sname,Cname,Degree
from S
tudent,Course,Score
where S
tudent.Sno=Score.Sno
and C
ourse.Cno=Score.Cno
|
|
1
|
join
..
on
寫法：
select
Sname,Cname,Degree
from
student
join
score
on
student.Sno=score.Sno
join
course
on
course.Cno=score.Cno
|
1七、 查詢「95033」班學生的平均分。
|
1
|
select
avg
(degree)
as
'class=95033'
from
Score
where
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from
Student
where
Class=
'95033'
)
|
1八、 假設爲了區分紅績的ABCDE等級，使用以下命令創建了一個Grade表：
#年級表 drop table if exists Grade; create table if not exists Grade( low int(3) not null comment '最低分', upp int(3) not null comment '最高分', rrank char(1) not null comment '排名' )comment '年級排名表'; insert into Grade values(90,100,'A'); insert into Grade values(80,89,'B'); insert into Grade values(70,79,'C'); insert into Grade values(60,69,'D'); insert into Grade values(0,59,'E');
現查詢全部同窗的Sno、Cno和rrank列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,rrank
from
Score,Grade
where
degree
between
low
and
upp
|
1九、查詢選修「3-105」課程成績中，高於「109」號同窗全部科目的最高成績的全部分數記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from S
core
where
Cno=
'3-105'
and
degree>(
select
max
(degree )
from
Score
where
Sno=
'109'
)
|
20、選了多門課程而且是這個課程下不是最高分的。
|
1
|
select
*
from S
core a
where
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from S
core
group
by
Sno
having
count
(*)>1)
and
degree<(
select
max
(degree )
from
Score b
where
b.cno = a.cno)
|
2一、查詢課程號爲「3-105」中，成績高於109學生的全部記錄。
|
1
|
Select
*
from
score
where
degree>(
select
degree
from
Score
where
Sno=
'109'
and
Cno=
'3-105'
)
|
2二、查詢和學號爲10八、101的同窗同年出生的全部學生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
|
1
|
select
sno,sname,sbirthday
from S
tudent
where
year
(sbirthday) in (
select
year
(sbirthday)
from S
tudent
where
sno in (101,
108
)
|
2三、查詢「張旭「教師任課的學生成績。
|
1
|
select
Sno,degree
from S
core,Course
where S
core.Cno=Course.Cno
and
Course.Tno= (
select
Tno
from
Teacher
where
Tname=
'張旭'
)
|
|
1
|
select
degree
from S
core
where
Cno
in
(
select
cno
from C
ourse
where
Tno= (
select
Tno
from
Teacher
where
Tname=
'張旭'
) )
|
2四、查詢選修某課程的同窗人數至少4人的教師姓名。
|
1
|
select
Tname
from
Teacher, Course
where
Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno
and
Course.Cno =(
select
Cno
from
Score
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=4)
|
|
1
|
select
Tname
from
Teacher
where
tno=(
select
Tno
from
Course
where
cno=(
select
Cno
from
Score
group
by
Cno
having
count
(*)>=4 ))
|
2五、查詢95033班和95031班全體學生的記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from S
tudent
where
class
in
(
'95033'
,
'95031'
)
|
2六、 查詢存在有85分以上成績的課程Cno.
|
1
|
select
Cno
from S
core
where
degree>85
|
2七、查詢出「計算機系「教師所教課程的成績表。
|
1
|
select
*
from Score
where
cno
in
(
select
cno
from C
ourse
where
tno
in
(
select
tno
from T
eacher
where
Depart=
'計算機系'
))
|
2八、查詢「計算 機系」與「電子工程系「不一樣職稱的教師的Tname和Prof。
select Tname,Prof from Teacher where Depart ='計算機系' and Prof not in( select Prof from Teacher where Depart ='電子工程系') union select Tname,Prof from Teacher where Depart ='電子工程系' and Prof not in( select Prof from Teacher where Depart ='計算機系')
2九、查詢選修編號爲「3-105「課程且成績至少高於選修編號爲「3-245」的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree,並按Degree從高到低次序排序。
any:表明括號中任意一個成績就能夠
|
1
|
select
Cno,Sno,Degree
from S
core
where
cno=
'3-105'
and
degree >
any
(
select
degree
from S
core
where
cno=
'3-245'
)
order
by
degree
desc
|
30、查詢選修編號爲「3-105」且成績高於選修編號爲「3-245」課程的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree.
all:表明括號中的全部成績
|
1
|
select
Cno,Sno,Degree
from S
core
where
cno=
'3-105'
and
degree >
all
(
select
degree
from S
core
where
cno=
'3-245'
)
order
by
degree
desc
|
3一、 查詢全部教師和同窗的name、sex和birthday.
|
1
|
select
tname,tsex,tbirthday
from
Teacher
union
select
sname,ssex,sbirthday
from
Student
|
3二、查詢全部「女」教師和「女」同窗的name、sex和birthday.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday
from
Teacher
where
Tsex=
'女'
union
select
Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday
from
Student
where
Ssex=
'女'
|
3三、 查詢成績比該課程平均成績低的同窗的成績表。
|
1
|
select
*
from S
core a
where
degree < (
select
avg
(degree)
from S
core b
where
b.cno=a.cno)
|
3四、 查詢全部任課教師的Tname和Depart.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Depart
from
Teacher
where
tno
in
(
select
tno
from
course )
|
35 、 查詢全部未講課的教師的Tname和Depart.
|
1
|
select
Tname,Depart
from
Teacher
where
Tno
not
in
(
select
Tno
from
Course
where
cno
in
(
select
cno
from
score ))
|
3六、查詢至少有2名男生的班號。
|
1
|
select
class
from S
tudent
where
ssex=
'男'
group
by
class
having
count
(*)>1
|
3七、查詢Student表中不姓「王」的同窗記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
where
Sname
not
like
'王%%'
|
3八、查詢Student表中每一個學生的姓名和年齡。
|
1
|
select
Sname,
year
(now())-
year
(sbirthday)
from
Student
|
3九、查詢Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
|
1
|
select
Max
(Sbirthday ),
Min
(Sbirthday )
from
Student
|
40、以班號和年齡從大到小的順序查詢Student表中的所有記錄。
|
1
|
select
*
from
Student
order
by
class
desc
, Sbirthday
|
4一、查詢「男」教師及其所上的課程。
|
1
|
select
Tname,Cname
from C
ourse,Teacher
where C
ourse.tno= Teacher.tno
and T
eacher.Tsex=
'男'
|
4二、查詢最高分同窗的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,Degree
from S
core
where
degree=(
select
max
(degree)
from S
core)
|
排序寫法：
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,Degree
from S
core
order
by
degree
desc
limit 0,1
|
4三、查詢和「李軍」同性別的全部同窗的Sname.
|
1
|
select
Sname
from
Student
where
Ssex = (
select
Ssex
from
Student
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
|
4四、查詢和「李軍」同性別並同班的同窗Sname.
|
1
|
select
Sname
from
Student
where
Ssex = (
select
Ssex
from
Student
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
and
class=(
select
class
from S
tudent
where
Sname=
'李軍'
)
|
4五、查詢全部選修「計算機導論」課程的「男」同窗的成績表。
|
1
|
select
Sno,Cno,degree
from S
core
where
Cno=(
select
Cno
from C
ourse
where
Cname=
'計算機導論'
)
and
Sno
in
(
select
Sno
from S
tudent
where
Ssex=
'男'
)
|
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