Frame-relay配置實例

實驗環境

Dynamips模擬器

Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3745-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(4)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

 

拓撲結構

以下圖所示， R一、R二、R3三臺路由器經過幀中繼雲相互鏈接。

四臺設備都是C3475路由器，其中路由器R4用來模擬幀中繼交換機FR（注：在實驗環境中，模擬幀中繼交換機的路由器至少有三個廣域網串口）。

 

 

實驗要求

實現幀中繼網絡通訊；在幀中繼網絡上運行EIGRP路由選擇協議。

 

操做步驟

 

1、基本配置（路由器更名等，略）

 

2、配置幀中繼交換機

 

FR(config)#

FR(config)#frame-relay switching  ! 開啓frame 交換功能

FR(config)#int s3/1

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf  ! 接口封裝幀中繼

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce  ! 爲了幀中繼交換，將接口配置爲DCE

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi ！本地接口封裝類型由默認的cisco改成ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface s3/2 201  ! 指定路由

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 103 interface s3/3 301

FR(config-if)#no shutdown 

FR(config-if)#exit

FR(config)#

FR(config)#int s3/2

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 201 interface s3/1 102

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 203 interface s3/3 302

FR(config-if)#no shutdown 

FR(config-if)#exit

FR(config)#

FR(config)#int s3/3

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 301 interface s3/1 103

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 302 interface s3/2 203

FR(config-if)#no shutdown 

FR(config-if)#end

FR#

------------------------------------------------------

查看FR路由

FR#sh frame-relay route 

Input Intf      Input Dlci      Output Intf     Output Dlci     Status

Serial3/1       102             Serial3/2       201             inactive

Serial3/1       103             Serial3/3       301             inactive

Serial3/2       201             Serial3/1       102             inactive

Serial3/2       203             Serial3/3       302             inactive

Serial3/3       301             Serial3/1       103             inactive

Serial3/3       302             Serial3/2       203             inactive

能夠看到，此時的幀中繼鏈路是非激活的。

 

 

3、配置R一、R二、R3路由器

 

R1(config)#int s3/1

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf 

R1(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp ！關閉ARP

R1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi 

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 102 broadcast ！指定靜態映射

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 103 broadcast

R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#

------------------------------------------------------

R2(config)#int s3/2

R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

R2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp 

R2(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi 

R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 201 broadcast

R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 203 broadcast

R2(config-if)#no shutdown 

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#

------------------------------------------------------

R3(config)#int s3/3

R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.3 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf 

R3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp 

R3(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi 

R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 301 broadcast

R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 302 broadcast

R3(config-if)#no shutdown 

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#

 

 

4、驗證配置

 

查看FR路由

FR#sh frame-relay route 

Input Intf      Input Dlci      Output Intf     Output Dlci     Status

Serial3/1       102             Serial3/2       201             active

Serial3/1       103             Serial3/3       301             active

Serial3/2       201             Serial3/1       102             active

Serial3/2       203             Serial3/3       302             active

Serial3/3       301             Serial3/1       103             active

Serial3/3       302             Serial3/2       203             active

配置好各路由器後，此時各幀中繼鏈路都自動變爲激活狀態（前提是配置無誤）。

------------------------------------------------------

查看映射

R1#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

R2#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/2 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/2 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 203(0xCB,0x30B0), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

R3#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/3 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/3 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 302(0x12E,0x48E0), static,

              broadcast,

              IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

查看永久虛電路，以R3爲例

R3#sh frame-relay pvc

 

PVC Statistics for interface Serial3/3 (Frame Relay DTE)

 

              Active     Inactive      Deleted       Static

  Local          2            0            0            0

  Switched       0            0            0            0

  Unused         0            0            0            0

 

DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial3/3

 

  input pkts 9             output pkts 8            in bytes 540       

  out bytes 476            dropped pkts 0           in pkts dropped 0         

  out pkts dropped 0                out bytes dropped 0         

  in FECN pkts 0           in BECN pkts 0           out FECN pkts 0         

  out BECN pkts 0          in DE pkts 0             out DE pkts 0         

  out bcast pkts 2         out bcast bytes 128       

  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  pvc create time 00:01:39, last time pvc status changed 00:01:39

          

DLCI = 302, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial3/3

 

  input pkts 8             output pkts 13           in bytes 448       

  out bytes 676            dropped pkts 0           in pkts dropped 0         

  out pkts dropped 0                out bytes dropped 0         

  in FECN pkts 0           in BECN pkts 0           out FECN pkts 0         

  out BECN pkts 0          in DE pkts 0             out DE pkts 0         

  out bcast pkts 1         out bcast bytes 64        

  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  pvc create time 00:01:21, last time pvc status changed 00:01:21

 

 

5、測試網絡連通性

 

R1#ping 192.168.123.2

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/55/72 ms

------------------------------------------------------

R1#ping 192.168.123.3

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/40/68 ms

------------------------------------------------------

R2#ping 192.168.123.3

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/42/68 ms

------------------------------------------------------

 

至此，路由器之間能正常通信。

但此時，路由器ping本身是ping不通的。好比R1：

R1#ping 192.168.123.1

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

.....

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

------------------------------------------------------

爲何呢？由於frame-relay map裏面並無相關信息。須要手工添加，好比在R1上添加：

R1(config)#int s3/1

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 102

 

而後咱們再看一下R1上的映射

R1#sh frame-relay map 

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

              IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

              IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,

              IETF, status defined, active

 

此時再R1ping本身，便能ping通了。

R1#ping 192.168.123.1 

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/97/140 ms

 

 

6、啓動迴環口，配置EIGRP

 

R1(config)#int loop 0

R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#router eigrp 50

R1(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary 

R1(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------------------------

R2(config)#int loop 0

R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#router eigrp 50

R2(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255

R2(config-router)#no auto-summary

R2(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------------------------

R3(config)#int loop 0

R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#router eigrp 50

R3(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 

R3(config-router)#no auto-summary 

R3(config-router)

 

 

7、查看EIGRP路由

 

配置完成後，查看R1發現的eigrp鄰居及其學習到的路由

R1#sh ip eigrp neighbors 

IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 50

H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq

                                            (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num

1   192.168.123.3           Se3/1            162 00:09:26 1041  5000  0  6

0   192.168.123.2           Se3/1            163 00:09:26   75   450  0  6

------------------------------------------------------

R1#sh ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

 

Gateway of last resort is not set

 

C    192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/1

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D       2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.123.2, 00:07:26, Serial3/1

     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D       3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.123.3, 00:07:26, Serial3/1

------------------------------------------------------

進行ping測試

R1#ping 3.3.3.3

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/37/64 ms

 

注：前面在配置映射時，設定了採用廣播方式broadcast（若是不增長這個字段，表示採用非廣播方式，則本實驗是不能成功的），好比R1，

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 102 broadcast

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 103 broadcast

因爲EIGRP默認是支持廣播的，因此EIGRP能自動的發現鄰居。

若是運行OSPF，默認是NBMA環境，不支持廣播，於是不能自動發現鄰居，須要靜態的指定鄰居，才能學習到其餘路由器上的路由。