[toc]php
rsync nfs 實時同步,實戰
1、部署rsync服務端(backup)
1)安裝rsynchtml
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)配置rsyncgit
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf uid = www gid = www port = 873 fake super = yes use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 600 ignore errors read only = false list = false auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ##################################### [backup] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /backup [nfs] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /data
3)建立系統用戶(www),爲了和web nfs統一github
[root@backup ~]# groupadd www -g 666 [root@backup ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)建立虛擬的認證用戶和密碼文件並受權web
[root@backup ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd [root@backup ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
5)建立目錄express
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /backup /data [root@backup ~]# chown -R www.www /backup/ /data/ #檢查 [root@backup ~]# ll -d /backup/ /data/ drwxr-xr-x 2 www www 6 Aug 7 16:56 /backup/ drwxr-xr-x 2 www www 6 Aug 7 16:56 /data/
6)啓動rsync服務並加入開機自啓vim
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start rsyncd [root@backup ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
2、部署rsync客戶端(nfs,web01)
1)安裝rsyncwindows
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync [root@web01 ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)免密碼方式瀏覽器
#方式一: [root@nfs ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass [root@nfs ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass [root@web01 ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass [root@web01 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass [root@nfs ~]# rsync -avz /etc/passwd rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.pass #方式二(推薦): [root@nfs ~]# export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123 [root@web01 ~]# export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123 [root@nfs ~]# rsync -avz /etc/passwd rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
3、部署web代碼(web01)
1)安裝httpd和phpbash
[root@web01 ~]# yum install -y httpd php
2)建立用戶
[root@web01 ~]# groupadd www -g 666 [root@web01 ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M 建立目錄 [root@web01 ~]# mkdir /data [root@web01 ~]# chown -R www.www /data/
3)修改配置文件
[root@web01 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf User www Group www
4)啓動httpd並加入開機自啓
[root@web01 ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@web01 ~]# systemctl enable httpd #檢查 [root@web01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 80 tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 10427/httpd #檢查啓動用戶 [root@web01 ~]# ps -ef|grep httpd root 10427 1 0 17:09 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND www 10428 10427 0 17:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND www 10429 10427 0 17:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND www 10430 10427 0 17:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND www 10431 10427 0 17:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND www 10432 10427 0 17:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
5)部署代碼,將代碼上傳至httpd的站點目錄
#查找站點目錄 [root@web01 ~]# rpm -ql httpd|grep html /var/www/html #進入站點目錄,上傳代碼 [root@web01 ~]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@web01 html]# rz windows-提交做業代碼.zip #安裝unzip [root@web01 html]# yum install -y unzip #解壓代碼 [root@web01 html]# unzip windows-提交做業代碼.zip Archive: windows-提交做業代碼.zip inflating: 1.png inflating: 2.png inflating: 3.png inflating: bg.jpg inflating: index.html inflating: info.php inflating: upload_file.php #受權 [root@web01 html]# chown -R www.www /var/www/html/ #修改用戶上傳文件的目錄 [root@web01 html]# vim upload_file.php $wen="/var/www/html/upload";
打開瀏覽器訪問:提交做業
4、NFS服務端部署(nfs)
1)安裝nfs和rpcbind
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
2)配置nfs
[root@nfs ~]# vim /etc/exports /data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)
3)建立www用戶(uid和gid是666的用戶)
[root@nfs ~]# groupadd www -g 666 [root@nfs ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)建立共享目錄/data並受權
[root@nfs ~]# mkdir /data [root@nfs ~]# chown -R www.www /data/
5)啓動服務並加入開機自啓
[root@nfs ~]# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server [root@nfs ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs-server
6)檢查nfs
#檢查文件 [root@nfs ~]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab /data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=666,anongid=666,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,all_squash) #檢查端口 [root@nfs ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 111 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* 1/systemd udp6 0 0 :::111 :::* 1/systemd #檢查進程 [root@nfs ~]# ps -ef|grep -E '(nfs|rpcbind)' rpc 8081 1 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/rpcbind -w root 8140 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd4_callbacks] root 8146 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8147 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8148 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8149 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8150 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8151 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8152 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8153 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd]
5、部署nfs備胎服務端(nfs)
1)安裝nfs和rpcbind
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
2)配置nfs
[root@nfs ~]# vim /etc/exports /data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)
3)啓動服務並加入開機自啓
[root@nfs ~]# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server [root@nfs ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs-server
4)檢查nfs
#檢查文件 [root@nfs ~]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab /data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=666,anongid=666,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,all_squash) #檢查端口 [root@nfs ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 111 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* 1/systemd udp6 0 0 :::111 :::* 1/systemd #檢查進程 [root@nfs ~]# ps -ef|grep -E '(nfs|rpcbind)' rpc 8081 1 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/rpcbind -w root 8140 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd4_callbacks] root 8146 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8147 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8148 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8149 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8150 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8151 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8152 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 8153 2 0 17:27 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd]
6、部署nfs的客戶端web01(web01)
1)安裝nfs和rpcbind
[root@web01 ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
2)只啓動rpcbind
[root@web01 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind [root@web01 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind
3)查看可掛載點
[root@web01 ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.31 Export list for 172.16.1.31: /data 172.16.1.0/24 [root@web01 ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.41 Export list for 172.16.1.41: /data 172.16.1.0/24
4)掛載前,要保證數據一致
[root@web01 ~]# scp -r /var/www/html/upload/ 172.16.1.31:/data (輸入的是root的密碼) [root@nfs ~]# chown -R www.www /data/
5)掛載nfs的服務端
[root@web01 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data /var/www/html/upload
7、backup實時同步nfs的data目錄
編輯腳本
[root@nfs ~]# vim rsync.sh #!/bin/bash PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin' H=`hostname` I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'` D=`date +%F` S=${H}_${I}_${D} BD=/backup export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123 mkdir -p ${BD}/${S} tar zcf /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz /etc/passwd &>/dev/null md5sum /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz > /backup/res1.txt find ${BD} -type d -mtime +7|xargs rm -fr ~ [root@web01 ~]# vim rsync.sh #!/bin/bash PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin' H=`hostname` I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'` D=`date +%F` S=${H}_${I}_${D} BD=/backup export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123 mkdir -p ${BD}/${S} tar zcf /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz /etc/passwd &>/dev/null md5sum /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz > /backup/res2.txt find ${BD} -type d -mtime +7|xargs rm -fr
8、定時任務併發郵件
1.服務端部署rsync,用於接收客戶端推送過來的備份數據 2.服務端須要天天校驗客戶端推送過來的數據是否完整 3.服務端須要天天校驗的結果通知給管理員
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y mailx #安裝mailx yum install -y mailx #配置mail.rc vim /etc/mail.rc Shift + g set from=861962063@qq.com set smtp=smtps://smtp.qq.com:465 set smtp-auth-user=861962063@qq.com set smtp-auth-passwordyfwapjxcfwnobfhh set smtp-auth=login set ssl-verify=ignore set nss-config-dir=/etc/pki/nssdb/
4.服務端僅保留6個月的備份數據,其他的所有刪除 check_md5.sh
[root@backup ~]# vim check_md5.sh #!/bin/bash PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin' H=`hostname` I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'` D=`date +%F` S=${H}_${I}_${D} BD=/backup md5sum -c /backup/res*.txt|mail -s "${D}:校驗結果" 861962063@qq.com find ${BD} -type d -mtime +180|xargs rm -fr ~
編寫定時任務:crontab -e
[root@backup ~]# crontab -l #校驗結果 by:gjy at:20190807 01 00 * * * /bin/sh /root/check_md5.sh &>/dev/null
編輯定時任務
[root@web01 ~]# crontab -e #天天凌晨備份重要數據 By:gjy At:2019-08-07 00 00* * * /bin/sh /root/rsync.sh &>/dev/null
執行腳本
9、NFS服務端部署sersync實時同步(nfs)
1)安裝sersync須要依賴rsync
和inotify
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools
2)下載sersync
[root@nfs ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
3)部署sersync
源碼包:解壓 生成 編譯 安裝
解壓:
[root@nfs ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
4)移動並更名
[root@nfs ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
5)編輯配置文件
[root@nfs ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <sersync> #監控的目錄,改爲/data <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> #推送的IP(backup服務的IP)172.16.1.41 ,name是模塊名 <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> #執行rsync的參數改爲 -az <commonParams params="-artuz"/> #虛擬用戶的用戶名和密碼文件,開啓認證start=true rsync_backup /etc/rsync.pass <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> #設置超時時間 <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> #完整配置文件 [root@nfs ~]# cat /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <head version="2.5"> <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host> <debug start="false"/> <fileSystem xfs="false"/> <filter start="false"> <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude> <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude> <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude> <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude> </filter> <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> <sersync> <localpath watch="/data"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfs"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-az"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pass"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> <plugin name="command"> <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/> <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix--> <filter start="false"> <include expression="(.*)\.php"/> <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/> </filter> </plugin> <plugin name="socket"> <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/> </localpath> </plugin> <plugin name="refreshCDN"> <localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/"> <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/> <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/> <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/> </localpath> </plugin> </head>
6)建立虛擬用戶的密碼文件,並受權
[root@nfs sersync]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass [root@nfs sersync]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
7)查看幫助
[root@nfs sersync]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -h set the system param execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events parse the command param _______________________________________________________ 參數-d:啓用守護進程模式 參數-r:在監控前,將監控目錄與遠程主機用rsync命令推送一遍 c參數-n: 指定開啓守護線程的數量,默認爲10個 參數-o:指定配置文件,默認使用confxml.xml文件 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m refreshCDN 開啓刷新CDN模塊 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m socket 開啓socket模塊 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m http 開啓http模塊 不加-m參數,則默認執行同步程序 ________________________________________________________________
8)啓動sersync
[root@nfs data]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
10、切換備胎backup(web01)
單點故障
1)編寫腳本
[root@web01 ~]# vim nfs.sh #!/bin/bash check_nfs=`df -h|grep '/var/www/html/upload'|wc -l` if [ $check_nfs -eq 0 ];then showmount -e 172.16.1.31 &>/dev/null if [ $? -eq 0 ];then mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data /var/www/html/upload else mount -t nfs 172.16.1.41:/data /var/www/html/upload fi fi
2). 查詢當前掛載
[root@web01 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 19G 1.4G 18G 8% / devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 487M 7.7M 479M 2% /run tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 497M 120M 378M 25% /boot tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0 172.16.1.31:/data 19G 1.4G 18G 8% /var/www/html/upload
3)先卸載當前掛載
[root@web01 ~]# umount /var/www/html/upload
4)關閉172.16.31 的nfs-server服務
[root@nfs data]# systemctl stop nfs-server
5)開啓172.16.41 的nfs-server服務
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
6)執行腳本並查看掛載
[root@web01 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 19G 1.4G 18G 8% / devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 487M 7.7M 479M 2% /run tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 497M 120M 378M 25% /boot tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0 172.16.1.41:/data 19G 1.4G 18G 8% /var/www/html/upload